
qass n h c> k S 
Book /u^ . 



DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE AND LABOR 
COAST AND GEODETIC SURVEY 

O. H. TITTMANN, Superintendent 



SURVEY OF OYSTER BARS 



KENT COUNTY 
MARYLAND 



DESCRIPTION OF BOUNDARIES AND LANDMARKS AND 

REPORT OF WORK OF UNITED STATES COAST 

AND GEODETIC SURVEY IN COOPERATION 

WITH UNITED STATES BUREAU OF 

FISHERIES AND MARYLAND 

SHELL FISH COMMISSION 



By C. C. YATES 

CHIEF OF COAST AND GEODETIC SURVEY PARTY 
ASSISTANT. COAST AND GEODETIC SURVEY 




WASHINGTON 

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 

1912 



DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE AND LABOR 
/ 'o COAST AND GEODETIC SURVEY 

•7 

O. H. TITTMANN. Superintendent 



SURVEY OF OYSTER BARS 



KENT COUNTY 
MARYLAND 



DESCRIPTION OF BOUNDARIES AND LANDMARKS AND 

REPORT OF WORK OF UNITED STATES COAST 

AND GEODETIC SURVEY IN COOPERATION 

WITH UNITED STATES BUREAU OF 

FISHERIES AND MARYLAND 

SHELL FISH COMMISSION 



By C. C. YATES 

CHIEF OF COAST AND GEODETIC SURVEY PARTY 
ASSISTANT, COAST AND GEODETIC SURVEY 




WASHINGTON 

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OKHCL 

1912 






n. 



35 1912 



LETTER OF SUBMITTAL. 



department of commerce and labor, 

Coast and Geodetic Survey, 

Washington, October 5, igii. 
Sir: I have the honor to transmit herewith a report of the officer detailed from 
the Coast and Geodetic Survey to cooperate with the Bureau of Fisheries and the Mary- 
land Shell Fish Commission in surveying the oyster bars of the State of Maryland, 
together with certain technical results which are necessary for the interpretation and 
use of the plats of the survey made by the Government. 

This work has been done under the provisions of the act of Congress entitled "An 
act to authorize the Secretary of Commerce and Labor to cooperate, through the Bureau 
of the Coast and Geodetic Survey and the Bureau of Fisheries, with the shell fish com- 
missioners of the State of Maryland in making surveys of the natural oyster beds, bars, 
and rocks in the waters within the State of Maryland," approved Ma)' 26, 1906, and of 
the acts of Congress making appropriations for sundry civil expenses of the Government 
for the fiscal years ending June 30, 1907, 1908, 1909, 1910, 1911, and 1912. 
Respectfully, 

O. H. TiTTMANN, Superintendent. 
To Hon. Charles Nagel, 

Secretary of Commerce and Labor. 

3 



CERTIFICATION 



Baltimore, Md., October 4, igii. 
The following publication is certified to contain correct technical descriptions of 
all boundaries and landmarks established in Kent County by the Maryland Shell Fish 
Commission in cooperation with the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey. 

C. C. Yates, 
Chiej of Coast and Geodetic Survey Party, 

Assistant, Coast and Geodetic Survey. 



Examined and certified to be correct. 



Baltimore, Md., October 4, igiz. 

Walter J. Mitchell, 
Caswell Grave, 
Benjamin K. Green, 
Maryland Sliell Fish Commission. 
SwEPSON EarlE, 

Hydrographic Engineer. 

Note. — Certified copies of this publication and of the charts of the natural oyster 
bars of Kent County were filed in the office of the clerk of the circuit court of Kent 
County and in the office of the Board of Shell Fish Commissioners on October 5, 1911. 

5 



CONTENTS. 



Page. 

Progress map follows 

Letter of submittal 3 

Certification 5 

Introduction: 

Publications '-5 

Cooperation of the Coast and Geodetic Survey '4 

Cooperation of the Bureau of Fisheries ^4 

General statement of work of Coast and Geodetic Survey i4 

Report of the work of the Coast and Geodetic Survey: 

Instructions 

Organization and equipment ' " 

Chronological statement of work '7 

Statistics ^^ 

General remarks ^9 

Charts and maps: 

Charts of natural oyster bars ^° 

Leasing charts • ^ ^ 

Projections ^^ 

Progress maps ^^ 

Boundaries of the county waters: 

Waters within territorial limits of county 23 

Waters contiguous to county ^4 

Landmarks (U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey triangulation stations): 

Explanation ^S 

Method of describing triangulation stations 25 

Descriptions of triangulation stations in county and adjacent waters— 
Chart No. 2S (Chesapeake Bay, vicinity Tolchester Beach)— 

Worton Point 2 2S 

Pooles Island Light -^ 

Pooles Island 2 ^° 

Bramble 29 

Mitchells Bluff 2 =9 

Craighill Channel Light (Front Range) (see progress map) 3° 

Craighill Channel Light (Rear Range) (see progress map) 3= 

Fort Howard Taller Water Tank (see progress map) 3° 

Seven Foot Knoll Light (see progress map) 3° 

Bodkin Point (Old Tower) (see progress map) 3' 

Swan Point 3 (see also Chart No. 29) 31 

Bank (see also Chart No. 29) 3' 

Tavern (see also Chart No. 29) i- 

Corr 32 

Urie a 

7 



fj Contenls. 

Landmarks (U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey tri angulation stations) — Contiimcil . 
Descriptions of triangulation stations in county and adjacent waters — Continued. 

Chart No. sS (Chesapeake Bay, vicinity Tolchester Beach) — Continued. Page. 

Spike 33 

Elliason 34 

Rail 34 

Fork 35 

Haven (see also Chart No. 29) 35 

Treasure (see also Chart No. 29) 36 

Orchard (see also Chart No. 29) 36 

Gratitude (see also Chart No. 29) .' 37 

Chart No. 2Q (Chesapeake Bay and entrance to Chester River) — 

Swan Point 3 (see also Chart No. 28) 31 

Bank (see also Chart No. 28) 31 

Tavern (see also Chart No. 28) 32 

Haven (see also Chart No. 28) 35 

Treasure (see also Chart No. 28) 36 

Orchard (see also Chart No. 28) 36 

Gratitude (see also Chart No. 28) 37 

Windmill Point 37 

Stevens 38 

Baltimore Light (see progress map) 38 

Sandy Point Light 38 

Ring 39 

Love Point Light 39 

Amour 39 

Railway Water Tank 40 

Wickes Beach 40 

Narrows Point (see also Chart No. 30) 40 

Macum 41 

Thin 42 

Muddy (see also Chart No. 30) 42 

Bridge 42 

Railroad ; 43 

Chart No. 30 (Middle Chester River and tributaries) — 

Narrows Point (see also Chart No. 29) 40 

Muddy (see also Chart No. 29) 42 

Bluebeard 43 

Blakeford 44 

Rain 44 

Break 45 

Overton 45 

Fir 45 

Bay Bush Point 46 

Gordon 46 

Bird 47 

Crow 47 

Grove 48 

Reeds ; 48 

Little Gum 48 

Weeks 49 

Spring 49 

Lucy 50 

Goose 50 



Contents. g 

Landmarks (U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey triangulation stations)— Continued. 
Descriptions of triangulation stations in county and adjacent waters— Continued. 

Chart No. SO (Middle Chester River and tributaries)— Continued. Page. 

Prussian „ 

Gray ; ; ; ; ; ^ i 

Herring ^j 

No Road ^2 

Cut :.:::::::;:::::;:::::::::::;;;::;:: s. 

F°« S3 

Island 5, 

Tray '....'.'.' '.'^.'' ''.'.'.''.'.'.''.'.''.'.''.'.'.'.' ''.'^.'. 53 

I«n 54 

Holton Point .' , . 

Earle ^^ 

Hydrographic .. 

Ruth :;;;:;;:::::::::::::::;:::::::::::: 6 

Melfield ^6 

Bath ; !!'!!!!!!!' 57 

Ship jy 

Engineer ^g 

Swepson _. ^g 

Corsica 

^ _ 39 

Deep Cove _„ 

Snub jg 

Lawyer go 

Drum 6o 

Davis 6j 



Isle 6j 

Eagle 6j 

I^rd 6, 

Kinsley gj 



Whale. 



63 

Bungay 6^ 

Locust g 

Nat 

Mill .....^. '..... 

West 



64 

64 

64 

Homor g- 

King 6- 

Ash 

Noth 



66 

66 

Leary 66 

Nest 67 

Won 67 

Harp • 68 

Clay 68 

Lovely 6^ 

Gut 69 

Philip 69 

We 70 

Hoo 

Cult 70 

Wann _j 

Com -J 

Neck _2 



1 o Contents. 

I_,ANn:MARK.s (U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey trian(;ui<aTion stations)— Continued. 
Descriptions of triangulation stations in county and adjacent waters — Continued. 

Chart No. jo (Middle Chester River and tributaries) — Continued. i-agc. 

Major 72 

Peach 72 

Langford 73 

Spaniard Point 2 Upper 73 

Quaker 74 

Evans 74 

Brown 75 

Stratton 75 

Chester 76 

Westcott's Windmill ". 76 

Corpse 76 

Deep Point 2 77 

Indian 78 

Thorn 78 

Ashland 79 

Shippen : 79 

Bums 80 

Oyster , 80 

Starkley 80 

Jarrett 81 

Booker 81 

Journey 82 

Melton 82 

Cake 82 

Pomona 83 

Bill 83 

Taste 84 

Make 84 

Down 84 

Julius 85 

Broad (see progress map) 85 

Nils (see progress map) 86 

Wilmers (see progress map) 86 

Robertson Windmill (see progress map) 86 

Robertson (see progress map) ; . 87 

Southeast (see progress map) 87 

Thorsten (see progress map) 87 

Blank (see progress map) 88 

Rolphs (see progress map) 88 

Boundaries op oyster bars: 

Explanation go 

Method of describing boundaries 91 

Surveying methods for relocation of boundaries 1)2 

Boundaries of natural oyster bars — 

Chart No. 2S (Chesapeake Bay, vicinity of Tolchestcr Beach) — 

Phoenix Shoal 95 

Deep Shoal 95 

Coal Lump 96 

Gales Lump 96 

Mitchells Bluff Buoy 97 

Tolchestcr Lump 97 

Hodges 98 



Contents. 1 1 

Boundaries of oyster bars — Continued. 

Boundaries of natural oyster bars — Continued. 

Chart No. 28 (Chesapeake Bay, vicinity of Tolchester Beach)— Continued. page. 

Swan Point (see also Chart No. 29) ng 

Swan Creek 100 

Rockhall (see also Chiirt No. 29) 100 

White Horse (see also Chart No. 29) 100 

The Haven (see also Chart No. 29) loi 

Deep Landing Hole (see also Chart No. 29) loi 

Little Neck (see also Chart No. 29) loi 

Tavern Creek (see also Chart No. 29) 102 

Chart No. SQ (Chesapeake Bay and entrance to Chester River) — 

Swan Point (see also Chart No. 28) 09 

Rockhall (see also Chart No. 28) 100 

White Horse (see also Chart No. 28) 100 

The Haven (see also Chart No. 28) loi 

Deep Landing Hole (see also Chart No. 28) lor 

Little Neck (see also Chart No. 28) loi 

Tavern Creek (see also Chart No. 28) .- 102 

Windmill Flats 102 

Muddy Drain 102 

Huntingfield 105 

Gum Spring 103 

White Marsh iq_j 

Under The Bar 10^ 

Hickory Thicket 10:; 

East Neck Bay 10^ 

Entrance Lumps 106 

Wickes Beach 106 

Dredge Rock 106 

Side Shoal (see also Chart No. 30) 10- 

Mud (see also Chart No. 30) 10- 

Ferry (Kent County) 10- 

Buoy Rock (see also Chart No. 30) 108 

Chart No. jjo (Middle Chester River and tributaries) — 

Side Shoal (see also Chart No. 29) 107 

Mud (see also Chart No. 29) iot 

Buoy Rock (see also Chart No. 29) 108 

Hail Creek 108 

Hail Point log 

Black Buoy loq 

Durdin 109 

Belts no 

Piney Point (Kent County) no 

Bay Bush Point m 

Bluff Point Ill 

Chester River Middleground , 112 

Limekiln 112 

Willow Bottom 112 

Nichols 1 13 

Hudson iij 

Sand Thistle n^ 

Boat House n^ 

Drum Point 1 1^ 

Davis Creek nr 



12 Contents. 

Bm'NiiARiES OF OYSTER BARS -Continued. 

Boundaries of natural oyster bars — Continued. 

Chaii No. jo (Middle Chester River and tributaries) — Continued. Page. 

Island Point 115 

Eagle Point 116 

Wilsons Point 116 

Kings Creek 116 

Bailey 117 

Philips 117 

Ware 117 

Ebb Point : 118 

Cliff 118 

Commegys Bight 119 

Sheep (Kent County) iig 

Deep Point 119 

Shippen Creek 120 

Haddaway 120 

Hollyday (Kent County) 120 

Melton Point 121 

Northwest (Kent County) 121 

Appendixes: 

Appendix A. — Laws relating to the cooperation of the Coast and Geodetic Survey and Bureau 

of Fisheries with the Maryland Shell Fish Commission 123 

Appendix B. — "The Haman Oyster Culture Law" (extract from Second Report of vShell 

Fish Commission) '. 126 

Appendix C. — Summary' of the particular surveying operations which constitute an "oyster 

survey " as now being carried on in Mar>'land 128 

Appendix D. — Statistics of results of tne combined operations of the Government and State . . 130 



SURVEY OF OYSTER BARS, KENT COUNTY, MD. 



INTRODUCTION. 

PUBLICATIONS. 

The preparation of publications relating to the sur\'ey of the oyster bars of Maryland 
has been divided between the Government and the State in accordance with the laws ' 
authorizing the work and the natural division of the sur\-eying operations - of the 
cooperating forces. 

The publications prepared and issued by the Govenunent under the direction of 
the Superintendent of the Coast and Geodetic Survey consist of a series of charts and 
a technical report for each county surveyed.^ The charts show all legal boundaries of 
oyster bars within the adopted boundaries of the waters opened up for leasing with each 
county, and the location of all landmarks (Coast and Geodetic Survey triangulation 
stations) used as a foundation for the delineation of these various boundaries. The 
technical report gives technical and legal descriptions of all oyster bar and other bound- 
aries, and descriptions of all landmarks shown on the charts, and includes the report 
of the representative of the Coast and Geodetic Survey in charge of the work of that 
service in cooperation with the Bureau of Fisheries and the Maryland Shell Fish Com- 
mission. These charts and technical reports are prepared and certified for file with the 
courts and the Commission, as required by the laws of the State, and contain all infor- 
mation necessary to make a permanent record of the work of the Commission and the 
Government for all future requirements of the courts, or for any resurveys that may 
become necessary.^ 

The publications prepared and issued by the State under the direction of the Shell 
Fish Commission consist of annual reports ^ of all the operations of the Commission 
performed under the provisions of the laws of Maryland," including results of biological 



^ See Appendix A for laws relating to the cooperation of the Coast and Geodetic Survey and Bureau of Fisheries with the 
Maryland Shell Fish Commission. 

2 See Appendix C for a summary of the particular surveying operations which constitute an "oyster survey" as now being 
carried on in Maryland. 

3 These charts and technical reports can be obtained by apphcation to the Superintendent of the Coast and Geodetic Survey 
at Washington, D. C. The publicationsnowreadyfor issue are those for Anne Arimdel, Somerset, Wicomico, Worcester, Calvert, 
Charles, St. Marys, Baltimore, and Kent Counties. 

* The technical records and charts for each county are published separately, on account of the requirements of the oyster-culture 
laws of the State and the practical considerations which make it desirable to have each coimty "opened up" for oyster culture as 
soon as practicable after the completion of its survey. For these reasons and the fact that these reports-are each arranged for 
distribution and use in one coimty only without reference to other published records, much of the text of this publication is of 
necessity identical with similar previous publications for other coimties. 

* These reports can be obtained by application to the Shell Fish Commission, Marine Bank Building, Baltimore, Md. They 
are issued annually in October, and the first, second, and third reports are now available for distribution. 

* See Appendix B for an extract from the "Second Report of the Maryland Shell Fish Commission, " giving i 
mary of the "Haman Oyster Culture Law. " 

'3 



14 Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 

and economic oyster investigations, methods and results of the hjdrographic sur\-ey of 
the boundaries of oyster bars and crab bottoms, the administrative report and financial 
statement of the Commission, information relating to oyster culture, methods of sur- 
veying and leasing of oyster lots, and much other important matter of legal and scientific 
value. 

These two sets of publications are planned and arranged to supplement each other 
without unnecessary duplication, and when combined they form a complete report of 
operations, methods, and results of the work of both the Government and State.' 

COOPERATION OF THE CO.^ST AND GEODETIC SURVEY. 

The work of the Coast and Geodetic Survey, as the name of the serv'ice indicates, 
includes a survey of the coasts of the United States made on a geodetic basis. This 
has involved the gradual construction of a great framework of interstate triangulation 
for use as a foundation for detail hydrographic and topographic surveys, from which 
there has been compiled and published a complete set of charts of the coasts of the 
United States, including all waters of Maryland where oysters grow. This existing 
triangulation, hydrography, and topography is essential as a foundation for a correct 
and practical survey of natural oyster bars; and it being one of the fundamental func- 
tions of the Coast and Geodetic Survey to furnish such data, the cooperation of the 
Coast and Geodetic Survey with the Bureau of Fisheries and the Maryland Shell Fish 
Commission is a practical and natural development of Government work leading to the 
conservation and increase of the supply of food. 

COOPERATION OF THE BUREAU OF FISHERIES. 

The Bureau of Fisheries has cooperated with the Coast and Geodetic Sur\-ey and 
the Maryland Shell Fish Commission principally as an adviser in matters relating to the 
biological and economic survey of oyster bars and the methods to be employed for that 
purpose.- A steam launch, rowing boat, and certain apparatus have also been furnished. 

The primary function of the Bureau of Fisheries is to increase the productiveness 
of marine and fresh waters by such measures as may be best suited to the purpose, and 
the services rendered in connection with the surv^ey of the oyster bars of ^Maryland are 
strictly in line with the fundamental law under which it acts. In certain States other 
than Maryland similar work has been conducted by the Bureau acting independently, 
the same ends being attained at greater expense to the Government. 

GENERAL STATEMENT OF WORK OF COAST AND GEODETIC SURVEY.^ 

The results obtained from the work of the Coast and Geodetic Survey in coopera- 
tion with the Bureau of Fisheries and the Maryland Shell Fish Commission need very 
little other summary than is indicated by the published "Charts of Natural Oyster 
Bars" and theindex ot hydrographic projections and triangulation stations shown on 
the county progress maps attached to each report. 

^ See Appendix D of this publication for "Statistics of results of combined operations of the Government and State. '* 

' Hon. George M. Bowers, Commissioner of Fisheries, has detailed for this service Dr. H. F. Moore, Assistant, Bureau of Fish- 



* For a detail statement of the very large amount of excellent oyster-survey work of the Maryland Shell Fish Commission sec 
the "Annual Reports of the Maryland Shell Fish Commission. " 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 15 

The triangulation has been carried on in accordance with the standard methods of 
the Coast and Geodetic Sur\-ey, making this work and that of the " Descriptions of 
Triangulation Stations" of permanent value, not only to the State of Maryland in the 
survey of her oyster bars, but also to the Government for any future work it may do in 
the regions covered by the oyster-survey operations. 

The hydrographic projections and published charts are prepared with all the accu- 
racy permitted by their large scale, especially as to the boundaries of the various shell-fish 
bottoms in relation to landmarks, but this accuracy of location on the charts is further 
added to and permanently fixed by published technical descriptions which should 
minimize the probability of any future dispute as to either landmarks or boundaries. 

Stated another way, and quoting from the report of the "Survey of Oyster Bars 
of Anne Arundel County": 

The geographic positions of the permanent landmarks and signals have been determined with the 
usual precision of a trigonometric survey, and their locations at all points necessan.- to provide ample 
foundation for the surveying and charting operations permitted great accuracy of definition and loca- 
tion for the natiual oyster bar and other boundaries established. At the same time, the very important 
element of permanency of the positions of boundaries has been secured, as the relocation of geodetic 
positions can always be accomplished by a competent surveyor, even though the original landmarks 
and monuments have been washed awa)-, as has been the fate of hundreds of such points established 
by the Coast and Geodetic Survey on the shores of the Chesapeake Bay during the last 65 years. 



REPORT OF THE WORK OF THE COAST AND GEODETIC SURVEY IN 

KENT COUNTY. 

INSTRUCTIONS. 

The following letters, together with the laws ' of the United States relating 
to the subject, constitute the "instructions" received by the chief of the Coast and 
Geodetic Survey party engaged on work in connection with the Maryland Shell Fish 
Commission. They are short and definite, but furnish ample authority and leeway for 
all legitimate development of the cooperation of the Government and the State in the 
survey of oyster bars. The "free hand" permitted by these orders, together with the 
aid and many valuable suggestions received from the officers of the survey at Wash- 
ington, have proved very beneficial to the work and are greatly appreciated. 

Department of Commerce and Labor, 

Office of the Secretary, 

Washington, June 2, igo6. 
Sir; In reply to your letter of May 28, requesting me to designate officers of the Coast and Geo- 
detic Survey and of the Bureau of Fisheries to cooperate with the State of Maryland in making survey 
of and locating the natural oyster beds, I have the honor to inform you that Mr. C. C. Yates will be 
designated to cooperate on the part of the Coast and Geodetic Survey as soon as Congress makes the 
provisions of the act effective by providing an appropriation for the purpose. 
Respectfully, 

Lawrence O. Murray, Assistant Sccrelary. 
His Excellency Hon. Edwin WarfiEld, 

Governor of Maryland, Annapolis, Md. 



Department of Commerce and Labor, 

Coast and Geodetic Survey, 

Washington, July 3, IQ06. 
Sir: Upon the receipt of these instructions you will surrender the command, accounts, etc., of 
the steamer Endeavor to the Hydrographic Inspector. * * * 

As soon as this transfer is completed you will enter upon the duties of Coast Survey representative 
on the Shell Fish Commission of Maryland. 

You will consult the Commissioners, prepare a programme of work, and submit estimates in the 
usual form. 

You are authorized to come to Washington for consultation from time to time as may be necessary. 

Very respectfully, 

O. H. TiTTmann, Superintendent. 
Capt. C. C. Yates, 

U. S. C. and G. S. Steamer Endeavor, Baltimore, Md. 

* For these laws see Appendix A. 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 17 

ORGANIZATION AND EQUIPMENT. 

The personnel and occupation of the party of the Coast and Geodetic Survey have 
remained practically unchanged since the beginning of the "oyster survey." Besides 
the chief of party, it consists of the necessary triangulators, computers, draftsmen, and 
temporary employees required to carry on both the surveying operations in the field 
and the preparation for publication of oyster charts and technical records in the office 
at Washington. 

The equipment for the work of the party has been ample and satisfactory. The 
large living and office quarters furnished the Government on the Maryland Shell Fish 
Commission house boat Oyster have been very convenient for the work, besides facili- 
tating efficient cooperation with the surveying and oyster investigation parties of the 
State. In addition to the accommodations on the Oyster, the Coast and Geodetic Survey 
party has had the constant use of the large steam launch Inspector and several other 
boats furnished by its own service, and the occasional use of the Bureau of Fisheries 
launch Canvasback ' and the steamer Governor McLane ^ of the State fishery force. 

The greater part of the equipment of instruments for the operations of both the 
Government and State has been furnished by the Coast and Geodetic Survey and con- 
sists of all necessary theodolites, levels, sextants, drafting instruments, hydrometers, 
etc., required for all field and office work. 

CHRONOLOGICAL ST.'ITEMBNT OF WORK. 

The field work of the Coast and Geodetic Survey in Kent County ' dates from 
April 14, 1909, when the Maryland Shell Fish Commission house hoa.t Oyster was moved 
from her winter quarters at Baltimore to an anchorage off Rock Hall Landing in Kent 
County. The surveying operations carried on from this harbor covered a period of 
about six weeks in which practically all triangulation was completed on the Chesapeake 
Bay shores of both Kent and Baltimore Counties as well as a considerable part of the 
same class of work in the mouth of Chester River in both Kent and Queen Annes 
counties. 

On May 26, 1909, the Oyster was moved from Rock Hall Landing to an anchorage 
in the upper part of Chester River near Cliffs Landing where she remained for a little 
over a month. 

On June 30, 1909, the house boat was moved to a temporary anchorage off Queens- 
town in the lower Chester River. This date marked the practical completion of the 
work in Chester River, the triangulation of which was especially notable for the month 
of June on account of there having been 92 triangulation stations established which 
were all marked by monuments and signals, locations described, and then occupied 
for theodolite observations. 

On July I, 1909, the house boat Oyster was towed by the State steamer Governor 
McLane to Baltimore Harbor, where the following four days, which included a Sunday 
and a holiday, were spent in taking on coal, water, and other supplies. 

' By courtesy of Dr. H. F. Moore, United States Bureau of Fisheries. 
* By courtesy of Capt. James A. Turner, commanding. 

^ Tfie field work of Kent. Baltimore, and Queen Annes counties was so intermixed that the chronological statement of the 
worl^ of one of these counties necessarily includes a considerable part of the work of the other two counties. 
141 26 — 12 2 



i8 Survey oj Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 

On July 6, 1909, (he Governor McLaiw again moved the Oyster, this time from 
Baltimore to an anchorage in Queen Annes County in the Eastern Bay entrance of 
Kent Narrows. From this harbor as headquarters a few additional triangulation 
observations were made in Kent County although the greater part of work while the 
house boat was at this anchorage was confined to Queen Annes and Talbot counties. 

On July 22, 1909, the house boat was again moved to the vicinit}' of Rock Hall 
Landing to complete certain oyster survey operations not finished when the Oyster was 
anchored there in the spring. 

On August 5, 1909, the house boat was towed to Worton Creek which is located 
at the extreme northern limit of oyster growth in Chesapeake Bay. From this harbor 
all the remaining oyster survey work of the Coast and Geodetic Survey in both Kent 
and Baltimore counties was completed, although some weeks later a Maryland Shell 
Fish Commission party returned to these counties to finish certain oyster investiga- 
tions and hydrographic observations. 

The office work connected with the "oyster survey" of Kent County, including 
compilations of geographic information and drafting necessary for the preparation 
for pubHcation of the oyster charts and the technical records, was continued inter- 
mittingly with the office work of other counties from the beginning of the field work 
in Kent County to the time of filing of the certified oyster charts and technical 
reports in the archives of the Shell Fish Commission and with the clerk of the circuit 
court of Kent County on October 5, igii. 

STATISTICS.' 

Landmarks and triangulation signals erected 1.55 

Monuments planted to mark triangulation stations 133 

Triangulation stations occupied for observations of horizontal angles 133 

Old triangulation stations recovered 20 

New triangulation stations established - 127 

Total old and new triangulation stations marked and described 147 

Linear miles ot shore line covered by triangulation (approximate) no 

Square miles covered by triangulation (approximate) 130 

Hydrographic projections prepared and completed as records of oyster boundaries 10 

Triangles computed 270 

Geographic positions computed 132 

Corners of oyster boundaries established by computation 271 

Back azimuths and distances computed from corners of boundaries to triangulation stations 813 

Descriptions of triangulation stations prepared for publication 147 

Descriptions of oyster boundar.ies prepared for publication 64 

" Charts of Natural Oyster Bars" prepared for publication 3 

Progress map prepared for publication i 



' These statistics only ipclude field and office work directly performed by the party of the Coast and Geodetic Survey 
in connection with the oyster survey of Kent County, and do not include the many thousands of soundings and examinations 
of the character of the bottom made b>- the engineers of the Commission, which are of considerable value to the Coast and Geo- 
detic .Survey as hydrofiraphic records for future use in connection with the preparation of new editions of charts of the waters 
of Maryland. Sec .\ppcndix n of this publicaliciu for ".Statistics of results of combined operations of the Government and 
the State." 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 19 

GENERAL REMARKS. 

Before ending this report the representative of the Coast and Geodetic Survey 
wishes to renew his statement of appreciation of the courteous assistance received from 
various Government and State officials and others interested in the oyster industry of 
Maryland, especially to the following: 

To his colleague from the Department of Commerce and Labor, Dr. H. F. Moore, 
of the Bureau of Fisheries, whose well-known scientific knowledge of all matters relating 
to oysters has been of great value to the work. 

To Mr. Walter J. Mitchell, chairman of the Maryland Shell Fish Commission, who, 
by his administrative ability in carrying out the complicated requirements of the oyster 
laws and by his unfailing tact, has made the cooperation of the various services engaged 
on the work both agreeable and effective. 

To Dr. Caswell Grave, secretary of the Commission, who, as editor of the Com- 
mission's annual report and Commissioner in charge of the biological and economic 
oyster investigations, has been brought into constant contact with the Government 
work and aided its operations in every way. 

To Mr. Benjamin K. Green, treasurer of the Commission, who has looked after the 
equipment and commissary of the house boat in such a way as to add greatly to the 
comfort and convenience of the party of the Coast and Geodetic Survey. 

To Mr. Swepson Earle, hydrographic engineer to the Commission, whose knowledge 
of the work from former service in the Coast and Geodetic Survey has greatly facilitated 
his practical use of the technical data furnished by the Government. 

And to the many others connected with the Commission or who as residents in the 
locality where the work was being carried on have greatly assisted by furnishing impor- 
tant information or willing services. 



CHARTS AND MAPS. 

CHARTS OK NATURAL OYSTER BARS. 

The charts ' of the natural oyster bars of Kent County, published by the Coast 
and Geodetic Survey from results of surveys of the Government in cooperation with 
the Maryland .Shell Fish Commission, consist of three sheets covering a portion of the 
waters of Chesapeake Bay and all of Chester River, including all oyster-producing 
bottoms of Kent County. They are published on a scale of i part in 20,000 (approxi- 
mately .'5|'i inch to a statute mile) and are constructed on polyconic projections and 
based on the United States standard datum of the Coast and Geodetic Surv-ey. 

These charts show all oyster bars and other boundaries established by the Com- 
mission, and are certified for the purpose of filing in the office of the clerk of the Circuit 
Court of Kent County and in the office of the Commission, as required by the oyster 
laws of Maryland. 

In addition to the oyster bar and other boundaries, the charts show the location 
and name of all landmarks (U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey triangulation stations) 
used in making the survey, together with the hydrography and topographv - necessary 
to make the technical definitions and delineations of boundaries readilv understandable 
both by the people engaged in the oyster industry and the general public who may 
become interested through leasing of barren bottoms for oyster culture. 

The names of the oyster bars are those used locally, as nearly as could be ascer- 
tained by the hydrographic engineer of the Commission. When there was no local 
name in common use, a name was selected from one of the prominent features of the 
vicinity. By the use of recognized names or those that would naturally suggest certain 
sections of water, it is believed that much confusion will be avoided in the location on 
the charts of the oyster bars, especially by those not familiar with the use of maps. 

The corners of the oyster bars are numbered from i to the total number of corners 
in each area under consideration. Where boundaries adjoin, making one point a corner 
of two or more oyster bars, these points have two or more numbers, each number corre- 
sponding to the bar in which the figure is located. The numbers of the corners corre- 
spond with the technical and legal descriptions of this publication under the heading 
"Boundaries of natural oyster bars." 

The landmarks and oyster bars have been grouped in the "Contents" of this publi- 
cation in accordance with the charts upon which they are shown. To find a particular 
oyster bar or landmark which is only known by name, consult the "Contents" and 
the desired chart and general location will be indicated. To find the name of a bar or 
landmark which is only known by location, consult the progress map at the end of this 
publication for the number of the chart on which it is to be found, and then examine 
the known locality on the chart for the name of the bar or landmark in question. 

' These charts can be obtained by apphcation to the Superintendent of the Coast anrl Geodetic Survey, at Washington. D. C. 

" Much of the detail of the inshore topography was obtained from the excellent map of Kent County, prepared and published 
by the Maryland Geological Survey under the direction of Dr William Bullock Clark from surveys of the Maryland Geological 
Survey iu cooperation with the U. S. Geological Survey. 

20 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 21 

The contours on the charts showing the depth of water at mean low tide have been 
taken from the hydrographic sheets of former work of the Coast and Geodetic Survey. 
Four curves were selected as being the most convenient for taking off from the original 
hydrographic sheets and the ones of greatest value to those interested in shell fish indus- 
tries. The I -fathom contour (6 feet) and the 5 -fathom curve (30 feet) correspond 
in a general way to the inner and outer limits of all the oyster bars surveyed. The 
3-fathom contour (18 feet) furnishes the curve of about the average depth of water on 
the oyster bars and the lo-fathom contour (60 feet) serves in a general way to indicate 
the outer limits of probable oyster culture. 

The boundaries of the waters within the "territorial limits of the county" and the 
boundaries of the "waters contiguous to the county" opened up for the leasing with 
Kent County are plainly indicated on the charts. A full technical description of these 
boundaries is given in this publication under the heading "Boundaries of county 
waters." 

The areas in acres of the oyster bars were determined under the direction of the 
hydrographic engineer of the Commission by two independent planimeter measurements 
of the areas as delineated on the smooth projections of the Coast and Geodetic Survey. 
These areas are given in small figures in parentheses on the face of 'the chart within the 
boundaries of the different shell fish bottoms. 

The symbols used on the charts for the different kinds of boundaries, triangulation 
stations, contours of depth of water, etc., require no other explanation than that given 
in the legend and other notes on the face of the charts. 

LEASING CH.'\RTS. 

The leasing charts of Kent County, like those for Anne Arundel, Somerset, Wicom- 
ico, Worcester, Calvert, Charles, St. Marys, and Baltimore counties, have been prepared 
under the direction of the hydrographic engineer of the Commission. They are con- 
structed on polyconic projections which are based on the United States standard datum 
of the Coast and Geodetic Survey, and are made on the scales of i part in 5,000 or i 
part in 10,000 as the needs of oyster culture may require. 

These charts show all the oyster bars, crab bottoms, and clam beds and other 
boundaries established by the Commission, and also all boundaries of oyster lots leased 
for the purpose of oyster culture, thus making them comprehensive and valuable records 
of the results of the operations of the oyster-culture laws. 

The lots leased under the provision of the "old 5-acre law" are frequently of irreg- 
ular shape, but the lots leased under the provision of the new oyster laws must be of 
rectangular shape by the terms of that act. For this latter purpose the leasing charts 
have been divided by parallels of latitude and meridians of longitude into small rectan- 
gles of I acre or 5 acres, as may be best suited to the area under consideration, and 
prospective leaseholders by the rules of the Commission are compelled to select whole 
rectangles as far as possible. 

For reasons of the present changeable nature of the number of lots leased and the 
large number of charts required, the leasing charts are not likely to be published for 
some years, but they can be seen at an\' time on file at the offices of the Commission, 
in the Marine Bank Building at Baltimore. 



22 Survey nj Oyslcr Bars, KrnI Cciinfy, Afil. 

rKOjECTioxs. 

The ])olyconic projections' covering Kent County waters are lo in number and 
on the scale of i part in 10,000. They were constructed by draftsmen of the Coast and 
Geodetic Survey, but the sextant positions which determine the location of the legal 
boundaries of the oyster bars as delineated by the Shell Fish Commission were plotted 
by the draftsman of the Commission. 

A copy of each of these projections, with all the plotted positions of triangulation 
stations, shore Hues, sextant positions, and boundaries of oyster bars, was made under 
the direction of the hydrographic engineer of the Commission by pricking through with 
a sharp needle the intersections of the projection lines and all other points as plotted on 
the original sheets. 

These projections (in duplicate) are the original records of all oyster-bar and other 
boundaries established by the Commission, one set being filed in the archives of the 
Coast and Geodetic Survey, at Washington, and the other set in the archives of the Shell 
Fish Commission. 

PROGRESS M.\PS. 

The progress map to be found at the end of this publication is on a scale of i part 
in 100,000, and shows in outline the work accomplished by the United States Coast and 
Geodetic vSurvey in Kent County and contiguous waters. It gives the scheme of all the 
charts and smooth projections constructed in connection with the survey, the location 
and names of all triangulation stations used as a basis for the surv^eying work, and the 
"boundaries of county waters" established b}' the Commission for the purpose of carrv- 
ing out the laws of Maryland relating to oyster culture. 

Besides indicating the amount of work done by the Coast and Geodetic Survey in 
connection with the work of the Shell Fish Commission, this progress map will be of 
special value for index purposes to engineers and others searching for the particular 
chart or projection covering the locality of the oyster bars or landmarks that may be 
under consideration. 

The progress maps ^ accompanying the first and second annual reports of the Mary- 
land Shell Fish Commission were prepared under the direction of the hydrographic 
engineer of the Commission. They are on the scale of i part in 400,000, and show the 
outline of the tide-water counties of Maryland, with shaded areas to indicate the waters 
already covered by the operations of the oyster survey. 

1 For the scheme of these projections see the progress map at the end of this publication. 

2 These maps and reports can be obtained by application to Maryland Shell Fish Commission, Marine Bank Building;, 
Baltimore, Md- 



BOUNDARIES OF THE COUNTY WATERS.' 

WATERS WITHIN TERRITORIAL LIMITS OF COUNTY. 

The laws of Maryland relating to oyster culture provide that "no person shall be 
permitted, by lease, assignment, or in any other manner, to acquire a greater amount 
of land than ten acres situated within the territorial limits of any of the counties, or 
one hundred acres in any other place." 

The boundary line- between the waters "within the territorial limits" of Kent 
County and the waters in "any other place," as established by the Shell Fish Com- 
mission for the purpose of carrying out the oyster laws, and delineated on the "oyster ' 
charts and the smooth projections of the Coast and Geodetic Survey, is technically 
described and defined as follows: 

Following the boundary line between Kent County and Cecil County along the middle of Sassafras 
River as laid douTi on the " Progress map" accompanying the report of "Survey of Oyster Bars. Kent 
Coimty, Maryland," to a point defined by the intersection of this boundary line with a straight line across 
the mouth of .Sassafras River defined by a point at its northern extremity situated on the northern side 
of Sassafras River in latitude 39° 23' 15". o and longitude 76° 02' 22". 5 and by a point at its southern 
extremity situated on the southern side of Sassafras River in latitude 39° 22' 15". 6 and longitude 76° 03' 
24". o; thence along a straight line across the southern part of the mouth of Sassafras River to a point 
situated on the southern side of Sassafras River defined by latitude 39° 22' 15". 6 and longitude 76° 03' 
24". o; thence along the mean low water line or a line across the mouth of all inlets less than 100 yards in 
width, as the case may be, of the southern shore of the entrance to Sassafras River, around Howell Point 
and along the eastern shore of Chesapeake Bay to a point situated on the northern side of Still Pond 
defined by latitude 39° 20' 35". o and longitude 76° 08' 11". 8; thence in a straight line across the entrance 
to Still Pond to a point situated on the sautheni side of Still Pond defined by latitude 39° 20' 02". o and 
longitude '76° 08' 46". 5; thence along the mean low water line or across the mouth of all inlets less than 
TOO yards in width, as the case may be, of the eastern shore of Chesapeake Ba)- around Plum Point and 
VVorton Point to a point situated on the northern side of Worton Creek defined by latitude 39° 17' 56". 7 
and longitude 76° 10' 40". 8; thence in a straight line across the entrance of Worton Creek to a point 
situated on the southern side of Worton Creek defined by latitude 39° 17' 28". 3 and longitude 76° 10' 
S4".3; thence along the mean low water line or across the mouth of all inlets less than 100 yards in 
width, as the case may be, of the eastern shore of Chesapeake Bay across the mouth of Fairlee Creek past 
Tolchester Beach to a point situated on Swan Point defined by latitude 39° 08' 19". o and longitude 
76° 16' 42".! ; thence in a straight line across the entrance to Swan Creek and Rockhall Harbor to a point 
situated on Huntingfield Point defined by latitude 39° 07' 16". o and longitude 76° 14' 57".4; thence 
along the mean low water line or across the mouth of all inlets less than 100 yards in width, as the case 
may be, of the eastern shore of Chesapeake Ba\' to a point situated on Wilson Point defined by latitude 
39° 03' ii".2 and longitude 76° 13' 4o".o; thence in a straight line across the mouth of a small bay to a 
point situated on the eastern side of the entrance to Chester River defined by latitude 39° 02' 45'''.3 and 



^ For a complete historical and legal description of the boundaries of the counties of Maryland, the valuable publication 
entitled " The Counties of Maryland — Their Oricin, Boundaries, and Election districts." prepared bj- Dr. Edward B. Mathews 
and published by the Maryland Geolocical .Survey under the direction of Dr. William Bullock Clark. Superintendent, should be 
consulted . as the boundaries described in this publication have been established and technically defined for the purpose of carryinc 
out the oyster laws of the State, and may or may not be correct for other purposes. 

"■ See Charts of Natural Oyster Bars, published by the Coast and Geodetic Survey, and the progress map at the end of this 
publication. 



24 Survey of Oyxter Bars, Kent County, Md. 

longitude 7O" 14' 05". 3 ; thence iu a straight line ending at a j)oiiil situated on Love I'oLiit on the western 
side of Chester River defined by latitude 39° 02' 25". 5 and longitude 76° 18' io".o to a point on this 
straight line defined by its intersection with the channel boundary line between Kent County and 
Queen Annes County as laid down on "Chart No. 29, Natural Oyster Bars, Maryland;" thence up the 
channel of Chester River following the boundary line between Kent County and Queen Airnes County 
aslaiddouTion "Charts Nos. 29 and 30, Natural Oyster Bars, Maryland; "thence continuing up the channel 
of Chester River following the boundary' line between Kent County and Queen Annes Coimty to the 
State boundary line between Maryland and Delaware.' 

WATERS CONTIGUOUS TO COUNTY. 

The oyster laws of Maryland provide that a true and accurate delineation of all 
natural oyster bars shall be made on copies of charts of the United States Coast and 
Geodetic Sur\-ey, "which said copies shall be filed in the office of the said Commissioners 
in the city of Baltimore," and "in the office of the clerks of the circuit courts for the 
respective counties wherein the grounds so designated may lie." 

For the purpose of carrying out the latter part of this section of the law and for 
the purpose of establishing the limits of the oyster-culture area to be opened up for 
leasing with each county surveyed, it is necessary for the Shell Fish Commission to 
establish a boundary line between the waters contiguous to but not within the terri- 
torial limits of each county and the waters contiguous to but not within the territorial 
liniits of adjacent counties. 

This boundary line has been delineated on "Charts of Natural Oyster Bars, ' and 
"Progress Maps" published by the Coast and Geodetic vSurvey, and is technically 
described and defined as follows: 

Commencing at a point defined by the intersection of a straight line across the mouth of Sassafras 
River which straight line is defined by a point at its northern extremity situated on the northern side of 
Sassafras River in latitude 39° 23' 15". o and longitude 76° 02' 22". 5 and by a point at its southern extrem- 
ity situated on the southern side of Sassafras River in latitude 39° 22' 15". 6 and longitude 76° 03' 24". o 
and the boundary line between Kent County and Cecil County along the middle of Sassafras River as 
laid down on the " Progress map " accompanying the report of "Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, 
Marj'land;" thence in a straight line along the channel of the entrance to Sassafras River and across a part 
of Chesapeake Bay to a point in Chesapeake Bay about i ' 2 miles northwest by west of Howell Point 
and 1J-4 miles south-southeast of Stony Point defined by latitude 39° 22' 55". o and longitude 76° 08' 
05". o; thence in a straight line with Chesapeake Bay to a point about 2^ miles west of Worton Point 
and 2j4 miles northeast of Pooles Island defined by latitude 39° 19' oo".o and longitude 76° 13' 43". 5; 
thence in a straight line with Chesapeake Bay to a point about i ^j miles south of Pooles Island and 3^^ 
miles west by south of Fairlee Creek defined by latitude 39° 15' 30". o and longitude 76° 16' 2o".4; 
thence in a straight line with Chesapeake Bay to a point about 4 miles west by north of Swan Point and 
3-rj miles east of Seven Foot Knoll Light defined by latitude 39° 09' 10". 6 and longitude 76° 21' oo".o; 
thence in a straight line with Chesapeake Bay to a point about 25-§ miles east of Baltimore Light and 3% 
miles west of I^ve Point Light defined by latitude 39° 03' 30^.0 and longitude 76° 21' 00". o; thence 
along the boundary line between Kent County and Queen Annes County across a part of Chesapeake 
Bay and along the channel of the entrance of Chester River as laid down on "ChartNo. 29, Natural Oyster 
Bars, Mar>-land," to the intersection of this county boundary- line with a straight line defined by a point 
at its eastern extremity situated »n the eastern side of the entrance of Chester River in latitude 39° 02' 
45". 3 and longitude 76° 14' 05". 3 and by a point at its western extremity situated on Love Point on the 
western side of the entrance to Chester River in latitude 39° 02' 2^".^ and longitude 76° 18' 10". o.' 

* Latitudes and longitudes based on the United States standard datum of the tJnited States Coast and Geodetic Survey. 



LANDMARKvS (U. vS. COAST AND GEODETIC SURVEY TRIANGULATION 

STATIONS). 

EXPLANATION. 

The oyster laws of Maryland authorizing the survey to be made by the Shell Fish 
Commission provide for "an accurate report of said surve3^ setting forth such a descrip- 
tion of landmarks as may be necessary to enable the said board, or their successors, to 
find and ascertain the boundary lines of said natural oyster beds, bars, and rocks, as 
shown by delineation on the maps and charts." The law of the United States author- 
izing the cooperation of the Department of Commerce and Labor in the survey of 
natural oyster bars of Maryland provides for the erection of "such structures as may be 
necessary to mark the points of triangulation, so that the sam.e may be u?ed for such 
future work of the Coast and Geodic Survey as the said Bureau may be hereafter 
required to perform in prosecuting the Government coast survey of the navigable waters 
of the United States located within the State of Maryland." 

Under the provisions of the sections of the laws stated above, the markings and 
descriptions of landmarks must be sufficient for the present and future needs of both 
the Government and the State. With this end in view, considerable work has been 
expended in erecting permanent monuments at the triangulation stations and in the 
proper description of their location. 

An effort has been made to arrange the descriptions of location and character of 
landmarks in a uniform and logical manner. The descriptions start with the assump- 
tion that the individual seeking a landmark has only an indefinite idea of its location. 
They gradually proceed from description of the general locality of a landmark to the 
descriptions of its immediate surroundings. This is followed by specific details of the 
character of the center and reference marks and a "roimd" ol reference angles and 
distances which in themselves frequently contain enough information to furnish an 
independent and reliable location of the triangulation station. 

.MKTHOn OF DESCRIBING TRIANGUL.-^TION STATIONS. 

Tlic uf^iiiiitc (/(•vfr//'/)(iKv I)/ trianqulation stations shoulJ not he used inthont reading 
the fo/hncing explanation of the method o} describing the triangulation stations, as it con- 
tains certain details that are common to all the landmarks described in tliis piibliealion 
and which are omitted in the separate descriptions as being needless repetitions: 

Name. — The title at the top of each separate description is the name by which 
the landmark or triangulation station is known and designated in all work and pub- 
lished oyster records or oyster charts of both the Government and State. The selec- 
tion of the name is usually left to the triangulator establishing the station, and it may 
or may not have geographic or other significance in reference to the locality. 

General locality. — Under this heading is given the general locality of the landmark 
in reference to well-known and prominent natural or artificial features, such as the 

25 



26 Survey oj Oyster Bars, Kent County, Mil. 

nearest body of water, town, river, steamer wharf, well-defined point ot land, church, 
or anv other feature that is likely to remain both permanent and prominent. 

This heading also covers a reference to the published chart or map which shows 
the location of the station most clearly. Nearly all the triangulation stations described 
in this pubhcation are plainly indicated by name and a triangulation symbol on the 
published charts of oyster bars of Maryland. In this case they are referred to by serial 
number only, the words "charts of oyster bars of Maryland" being omitted to avoid 
needless repetition. These published oyster charts are on the large scale of i part in 
20,000 (approximately 3J inches to a statute mile) and show the location of the trian- 
gulation stations so clearly that in many cases the written descriptions will not be 
required to find them. 

Immediate locality. — Under this heading is given the description of the "observed 
station" in reference to its immediate surroundings. This is supposed to include a 
statement of the station's estimated elevation above high water or some other well- 
defined level of the locality, such as a road or house; the character of the ground on 
which it is located, such as marsh land, sand beach, cultivated field, or meadow; esti- 
mated bearings in points of the compass and estimated distances in yards jroni {not to) 
easily recognized features, such as extreme end of point, edge of bluff, bank of creek, 
line of telephone poles, shore line, barn, house, fence, ditch, trees, or any other definite 
detail, such as being on range with the tangent of an island and a church; and so forth. 

When a standard monument has been established near the station as a "reference 
station," this heading also covers a statement of the true bearing of the monument in 
degrees and minutes and its measured distance in meters, as it is the first object that 
is likely to catch the eye when the immediate vicinity of the desired station is reached 
and might be mistaken for the center mark of the "observed station" unless special 
attention is called to it. 

The distinction between the "observed station" and "reference station" should 
be carefully noted by anyone making use of the description of stations for any future 
surveying. operations. 

The "observed station" is located at the particular triaiigulation point covered by 
the description of stations, and is the one whose geographic position is first computed, as 
it is the point which was "occupied" and "observed on" for horizontal angles. How- 
ever, in spite of the primary importance of the location of the "obsers-ed station," it 
will be noted from the description of stations that frequently it is not marked as well 
as the "reference station," and in many instances has only a pine stub to indicate its 
position. This is the case for the reason that the necessity of inter^^sibility of land- 
marks usually made it compulsory to locate "observed stations" on edges of banks and 
ends of points of land, which in the tide-water section of Maryland generally means they 
will be washed away in a short period of years. The past experience of the Coast and 
Geodetic vSurvey in this region has shown the great need of "reference stations," if the 
frequent reestablishment of a new framework of triangulation is to be avoided. 

The chief reason and need for the establishment of the "reference station," or 
secondary station, as it might be well named, is explained in the preceding paragraph, 
but in several instances other reasons, such as the location of the "obser\-ed station" 
on an unstable sand dune, in a cultivated field, in front of a residence, or other places 
objectionable to the landowner, have led to establishment of "reference stations." 



Siirvry oj Oyslcr Bars, Kent County, M<1. 27 

The location of the "reference station" in relation to the "observed station" is tixed 
for plotting on charts or for computation of its geographic position by checked measure- 
ments of its distances and azimuth from the "observed station." ' 

Marks. — Under this heading is given a description of the character of the permanent 
monuments or other marks of the location of the "observed station," and of the "refer- 
ence station" where one has been established. 

All the marks designated in the descriptions as "the center point of triangle on 
standard cement monument" are exactly alike. These monuments are made of cement, 
sand, and gravel, and are 2 feet long and 8 inches square at top and bottom. Their tops 
are all marked with the same brass mold and show a center hole surrounded by a triangle, 
with the letters "M. S. F. C. " arranged around the vertex and the letters "U. S. C. S." 
underneath the base of the triangle. The center hole is always in the center of the top 
of the monument bv construction, and if this is found to have been broken off without 
disturbing the bottom the center of its square section can be used as the location of the 
station. 

All the "standard cement monuments." whether used for marking the "observed 
station" or "reference station." have been planted upright in exactly the same manner, 
with their tops projecting 3 or 4 inches above the surface of the ground, unless otherwise 
stated. 

Therefore, as the above facts in reference to the "standard cement monuments" 
are a constant element in all cases, the repetition of these facts in the description of 
stations is made needless by this one statement. 

References. — Under this heading are given the "rounds" of directions and distances 
to all objects that might be useful in locating the stations when the surface marks can 
not be found. It is also contemplated that for general purposes of topography, hydrog- 
raphy, or location of boundaries of oyster bars these references will be sufficient in many 
cases to relocate the position of an "observed station" or "reference station" when 
both of them have been destroyed. 

The first reference object given in the descriptions is always a triangulation station 
visible from the station being described, this, if possible, being a lighthouse, church 
spire, or other permanent and prominent point. Its direction is taken as being 0° 00' 00", 
and the directions of all other objects are measured from it as an initial point, the angles 
being taken in a clockwise direction (left to right). 

The true bearing - of the initial object is always given in parentheses alongside its 
name. This furnishes means for the calculation of the bearings of any of the other 
reference objects for the purposes of locating a station by horizontal angles or for the 
relocation of corner buoys of oyster-bar boundaries by the method of compass directions 
described in this publication under the heading of "Boundaries of oyster bars. " 

The distances in the last column under "References" are given in three different 
units, which vary according to their accuracy. The "miles" are statute miles and may 
be considered only as rough estimates. The "yards" are more accurate, but must be 
looked on as results generally obtained by pacing or careful estimating. The "meters," 

' Geographic coordinates (latitude, longitude, distance, and azimuth) relating to any of the "observed stations" or of the 
" reference stations " described in this publication can be obtained by application to the Superintendent of the Coast and Geodetic 
Survey, at Washington, D. C. 

2 The mean magnetic variation for Kent County was 6° 15' west of north in 191 1 and increasing at the rate of 5' yearly. 



28 Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 

however, are accurate to the degree indicated by their decimals, and in every case have 
been measured with a steel tape. In the same manner the accuracy of the directions are 
indicated by the refinement of angular measure with which they are recorded. 

DESCRIPTIONS OF TRIANGULATION STATIONS. 
WORTON POINT 2. 

General locality. — Eastern shore of Chesapeake Bay, on Worton Point, about 1^4 miles north of mouth 
of Worton Creek and 45< miles northeast of north end of Pooles Island. (See Chart No. 28.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on tree and bush fringed bluff about 30 feet above high 
water, 2 yards east-southeast of edge of bluff and i yard south-southwest of a very small ravine. Cement 
monument marking reference station is 14.05 meters S 61° 17' E of observed station. 

Marks. — Observed station is center of 4-inch tile pipe with top 6 inches below surface of ground. 
Subsurface mark is center of 4-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches below base of surface pipe. Refer- 
ence station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 4 inches above surface 
of ground . 

References. — o / // 

•' Pooles Island 2 " (S 62° 18' W) o 00 00 4^ miles. 

Right tree on Pooles Island 3 17 4' 2 miles. 

South peak of small house 42 46 4 '-2 miles. 

Left peak of house 74 43 4J 2 miles. 

Nail in blaze in ash tree (2' 2 inches diameter) 88 42 40 i. 06 meters. 

Chimney outside of right end of old house. . 94 07 3' 2 miles. 

Chimney near left end of roof of house with 

gables 116 04 4^4 miles. 

Nail in blaze in ash tree (3 inches diameter) . 154 28 10 4.24 meters. 

Reference station 236 25 00 1405 meters. 

Nail in blaze in locust tree (5 inches 

diameter) 310 44 20 4.61 meters. 

POOLfes ISLAND LIGHT. 

General locality. — Upper Chesapeake Bay. on northwest side of Pooles Island. (See Chart No. 28.) 
Immediate locality. — Observed station is on a detached tower known as Pooles Island Lighthouse. 
Marks. — Observed station is center point of lantern on tower. 
References. — 

"Craighill Channel Light (Front Range)" o / // 

(S 44° 19' W) o 00 00 10 miles. 

POOLES ISLAND 2. 

General locality. — Upper Chesapeake Bay, on Pooles Island, about one-fourth mile southeast of 
Pooles Island Light and one-fourth mile north by west of Pooles Island Wharf. (See Chart No. 28.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is in a peach orchard on highest ground on northern part of 
Pooles Island, about 500 yards southeast of Pooles Island Light and 370 yards north by west of farmhouse. 
The angle at the southwest comer of the farmhouse between the windmill at the barn and the observed 
station is 84°, and the angle at the observed station between the light tower and the fog-bell tower is 
2° 47'. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 4 
inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. (NoTE. — These marks replace old ones of 1896.) 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 29 

References. — o / // 

''Pooles Island Light" (N 47° 16' W) o 00 00 452 meters. 

Break in bluff on east shore of bay showing 

through peach trees 153 12 7,i'^ miles. 

Center of chimnej- of small house in rear of 

dwelling 215 00 .'4 mile. 

Center of middle one of three chimneys on 

dwelling 218 03 , "<^ mile. 

Center of cupola on small building 220 50 . '4 mile. 

Near gable of barn 238 06 '4' mile. 

Windmill 241 56 '4 mile. 

Center one of four nails in apple tree 336 24 10 ?,?,-l^ meters. 

BRAMBLE. 

General locality. — Eastern shore of Chesapeake Bay, about 3 miles southeast of center of Pooles 
Island, 3 miles north-northeast of Tolchester Beach, and i'4 miles southwest of entrance to Fairlee 
Creek. (See Chart No. 28.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on a tree and bush fringed bluff about 30 feet above high 
water, 3 yards east of edge of bluff, 3 yards west of edge of cultivated field, 35 yards southwest of trees at 
edge of gully, and 200 yards west of other trees. Cement monument marking reference station is 47.10 
meters N 67° 05' E of observed station. 

Marks. — Observed station is 2-inch stub projecting 3 inches above surface of ground. Sulisurfacc 
mark is beer bottle buried below base of stub. Reference station is center point of triangle on standard 
cement monument projecting 2 inches above surface of ground. 
References . — 

"Craighill Channel Light (Rear Range/' o / // 

(S 78° 44' W) o 00 00 q' s miles. 

Left tree on Pooles Island 37 33 3 miles. 

Windmill on middle of long building on 

Pooles Island 54 00 2J8 miles. 

North peak of house with several gables on 

Pooles Island 55 21 2yi miles. 

"Pooles Island Light" 57 19 00 3^8 miles. 

Reference station 168 21 00 47.16 meters. 

Cupola on barn 259 24 40 i mile. 

" Craighill Channel Light (Front Range)". 344 34 10 io'4 miles. 

■' Fort Howard Taller Water Tank" 354 30 00 12 '2 miles. 

Left one ol two smokestacks at Sparrows 

Point 359 35 14 '2 miles. 

MITCHELLS BLUFF 2. 

General locality. — Eastern shore of Chesapeake Bay, on Mitchells Bluff, just north of first break in 
bluff, about five-eighths mile north-northeast of Tolchester Beach Wharf. (See Chart No. 28.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is in cultivated ground about 30 feet above high water, 13 
yards southeast of edge of bluff, 50 yards northeast of point of gully where fishermen haul up gear, 70 
yards south of small clump of trees, and one-fourth mile northwest of a large farmhouse. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 4 
inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is wire in center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 
inches below base of monument. (NoTE. — Subsurface mark is cither a part or replaces the original 
one of i8g6.) 



30 Survey oj Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 

References. — 

"Craighill Channel Light (Rear Range)" ° ' " 

(N 87° 52' W) o 00 00 8J s miles. 

Chimney at left end of house on opposite 

shore 57 00 (>% miles. 

Chimney at left end of house on Pooles 

Island..: 71 11 434' miles. 

Chimney on middle of roof of Ijuilding 

beyond trees 170 10 ^/i mile. 

Spidle of weather vane on middle cupola of 

barn 200 2S 30 X mile. 

Near comer of large west chimney of house . . 210 54 j4 mile. 

West peak of barn 260 07 | s mile. 

" Seven Foot Knoll Light" 330 18 30 loX miles. 

"Craighill Channel Light (Front Range)". . 341 20 40 8J^ miles. 

CRAIGHILL CHANNEL LIGHT (FRONT RANGE). 

General locality. — Western side of Chesapeake Bay, about 2 miles offshore and about 23-^ miles ea-^t 
of North Point at entrance to Patapsco River. (See progress map.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on dwelling on cylindrical foundation known as Craighill 
Channel Light (Front Range). 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of lantern on Craighill Channel Light (Front Range). 
Rejerences. — 

" Craighill Channel Light (Rear Range)" ° ' " 
(N 0° 01' W) o 00 00 2Jf miles. 

CRAIGHILL CHANNEL LIGHT (REAR RANGE). 

General locality. — Western side of upper Chesapeake Bay about 200 yards offshore from the soutli- 
westem end of Hart Island. (See progress map.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on a tall square pyramidal skeleton steel frame structure 
known as Craighill Channel Light (Rear Range). 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of lantern on Craighill Channel Light (Rear Range). 
References. — 

"Craighill Channel Light (Front Range)" o / // 
(,S 0° 01' E) o 00 00 2^4' miles. 

FORT HOWARD TALLER WATER TANK. 

General locality. — Northern side of entrance to Patapsco River about one-half mile north-northwest of 
North Point. (See progress map.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is the taller of two steel water tanks on steel towers at Fort 
Howard. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of pipe attached to center of bottom of tank. 

References. — None necessary. 

SEVEN FOOT KNOLL LIGHT. 

General locality. — Western side of Chesapeake Bay off entrance to Patapsco River about 2K miles 
north-northeast of Bodkin Point and ^14 miles southeast of North Point. (See progress map.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on an octagonal screw pile structure known as Seven Foot 
Knoll Lighthouse. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of lantern on Seven Foot Knoll Light. 

References.— o 1 ir 

"Bodkin Point (Old Tower) "(830° 03' W). . o 00 00 iX ™iles. 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 31 

BODKIN POINT (OLD TO\Vl{R). 

(k'Hcrijl locality. — Southern side of entrance to Bodkin Creek on Bodkin Point. (See progress ma]).) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is aljout 15 yards east of an old stone dwelling on top of an 
old tower formerly used as a lighthotise. 

.Marks. — Observed station is center of drill hole abut 2 inches in diameter and .:; inches dec]) in stone 
()latform on and near center of top of tower. 

References.— ° ' " 

■■ Seven Foot Knoll Light" (N 30° 04' E). . . o 00 00 i'., miles. 

SWAN POINT 3. 

General locality. — Eastern shore of Chesapeake Bay on Swan Point about 5' , miles south-southwest 
of Tolchester Beach WTiarf and 7 miles north of Love Point. (See Chart No. 28.1 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on sand and marsh point about 2 feet above high water, 
5 feet east of shore, 60 yards south-southwest of a fisherman's cabin, and 250 yards from the extreme end 
of Swan Point. Cement monument marking old reference station is in marsh 21.43 meters N 8g° 13'' E 
of observed station. Standard cement monument marking new reference station is on line to old refer- 
ence station 13.26 meters N 8g° 13' E of observed station. 

Marks. — Observed station is '4-inch copper rod set in an 8-inch square cement monument with top 
about 5 inches below surface of ground. Subsurface mark is the neck of a flask set in cement about 
4 feet below the surface. New reference station is center point of triangle on standard cement monu- 
ment. Old reference station is eastern one of two ■4-inch copper rods in an 8-inch cement monument. 
References.— ° ' " 

" Love Point Light" (S 2° 11' Wi o 00 00 5^ miles. 

" Baltimore Light" 46 07 00 8j .. miles. 

Stack on garbage plant at Bodkin Point. ... 82 21 8^4' miles. 

" Seven Foot Knoll Light " 95 04 50 7 miles. 

Left stack at Sparrows Point iii 12 12^4 miles. 

" Fort Howard Taller Water Tank " 112 28 20 9" s miles. 

" Craighill Channel Light (Front Range)" . . 114 59 50 7 miles. 

"Craighill Channel Light (Rear Rangei". . . 131 46 20 8^^ miles. 

Chimney of cabin -. 203 54 58 yards. 

Gable of Rockhall Wharf house 264. 07 i mile. 

Old reference st.\tion 267 02 20 21.43 meters. 

New reference station (st.\ndard ce- 
ment MONUMENT) 267 02 20 1,1-26 meters. 

Chimney of house to right of Windmill 

Point 292 12 2 miles. 

Gable of barn 303 49 2 ' j miles. 

Gable of bam near Wickes Beach 340 52 75,8 miles. 

BANK. 

General locality. — Eastern shore of Chesapeake Bay on western side of entrance to Tavern Creek, 
about 5 s mile northeast of Swan Point. (See Charts Nos. 28 and 29.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is in a cultivated field about 7 feet above high water, 12 yards 
inshore, and 2 yards from edge of bank. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 
3 inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 



32 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 



9 



miles, 
miles. 

I meters, 
mile. 
' miles. 
! mile, 
i mile. 
' mile, 
i miles. 
I mile. 
i mile. 
I mile. 



10.32 meters. 



References. — ° ' 

" Love Point Light" (S 7° 27' W) o 00 

" Baltimore Ligrit" 42 32 

Nail in blaze in locust tree (3 inches diame- 
ter) 56 04 

Chimney of fishing shack on Swan Point. .. . 71 17 

" Seven Foot Knoll Light " 88 14 

West gable of Strong bam 153 39 

Southwest comer of Strong house 1 74 09 

Chimney of tenant house 212 55 

North gable of bam 2 50 47 

Thompson windmill 271 47 

West gable of Rockhall Wharf house 274 08 

North gable of Downey house 278 49 

Nail in blaze in locust tree (4 inches diame- 
ter) 292 56 

South one of twin trees on Little Neck 

Island 352 59 }4 mile. 

TAVERN. 

General locality. — Eastern shore of Chesapeake Bay on western side of Tavern Creek about three- 
eighths mile north of entrance to creek, i mile northeast of Swan Point and one-haU mile northwest of 
Rockhall Landing. (See Chart No. 28,) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is in the eastern side of peach and apple orchard about i foat 
above high water. 152 yards northwest of shore, 165 yards west of shore, 8 yards west of edge of sage land, 
15 yards west of a wire fence, 18 yards south of another wire fence, 52 yards nortn of still another wire 
fence , and 125 yards east of a house . 

Marks. — Observed station is cencer point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 
2 inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of moniune.it. 
Reference.^. — 

"Orchard" (S 50° 31' El 

Gilt ball on lightning rod near left end of 

house 

Apple tree (18 inches diameter) 

Nail in blaze in apple tree (20 inches diame- 
ter) 

Nail in blaze in apple tree (24 inches diame- 
ter) 

Nail in blaze in peach tree (5 inches diame- 
ter! 

Nail in blaze in apple tree (18 inches diame- 
ter) 

Center of chimney at right end of roof of 
house with ell 



38 



f)3 



83 



mile. 



', mile. 
49 yards. 



35.02 meters. 



166 42 



30 



276 



14.99 meters. 

10.39 meters. 

ig.49 meters. 

iX miles. 



CORR. 



General locality. — Eastern shore of Swan Creek about ijj' miles north of Rockhall Landing. (See 
Chart No. 28.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is about i foot above high water, 6 yards northeast of rounded 
point of shore, 13 yards northwest of square cut in shore, 13 yards southeast of point where wire fence 
meets shore, and 50 and 65 yards south by west of two large trees. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 
3 inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 



Survey oj Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 33 

References. — 

" Spike " (S 0° 4<»' \V I o 00 00 ■ '4 iiiiU-. 

Chimney of housi- . 14 58 . 1 ' s miles. 

Chimney of old house 35 50 H mile. 

Right chimney of Strong house 48 12 i mile. 

Near peak of house between two bams 99 35 '-^ mile. 

Large square chimney of large brick house . . 142 52 'imile. 

North chimney of brick house 204 34 1 50 yards. 

East chimney of large house 245 41 M mile. 

Chimney of old house 311 05 W mile. 

URIE. 

General locality. — Western .shore of Swan Creek about i mile north of Rockhall Landing. (See 
Chart No. 28.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on a slight projection of the shore about i foot above high 
water and 4 yards west of shore. Cement monument marking reference station is 4.76 meters S 21° 35' W 
of observed station. 

Marks. — Observed station is center of 2 inch tile pipe projecting i inch above surface of ground. 
Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches below base of surface mark. 
Reference station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 5 inches above 
surface of ground. 

References. — o / // 

"Corr" (N 79° 13' E) o 00 00 'i' mile. 

Near peak of bam near several buildings . . 27 24 '2 mile. 

Chimney of large house 54 05 i mile. 

Near peak of large house 75 58 i 'j miles. 

Gilt ball on weather vane 89 12 i '4 miles. 

Reference station 124 21 45 4.76 meters. 

Nail in blaze in black thorn tree (6 inches 

diameter) 124 34 40 5.37 meters. 

Nail in blaze in black thorn tree (6 inches 

diameter) 134 4° 3° 4-84 meters. 

Nail in blaze in water bush (3 inches diame- 

terl 200 26 10 3.69 meters. 

Nail in blaze in water bush (4 inches diame- 
ter) 257 42 40 10.82 meters. 

Near peak of bam 277 15 J^ mile. 

West large chimney on west end of large 

brick house 340 24 i mile. 

Left chimney of Corr house 347 10 X mile. 

SPIKE. 

General locality. — Eastern shore of Swan Creek, about seven-eighths mile north-northeast of Rock- 
hall Landing. (See Chart No. 28.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is among trees and bushes about 2 feet above high water. 30 
yards east of shore, and i yard west of edge of cultivated field. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 
2 inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 
14126— 12 3 



34 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 



% 


mile. 


.02 


meters. 


.11 


meters. 


I 


mile. 


'2 


mile. 


I 


mile. 


.61 


meters. 


li 


mile. 


H 


mile. 


5 s 


mile. 


'A 


mile. 



References. — o / // 

"Rail" (S 23° 07' E) o 00 00 

Nail in blaze in locust tree (3 inches diame- 
ter) 13 II 40 

Nail in blaze in locust tree (5 inches diame- 
ter) 28 22 10 

Windmill at Gratitude 42 29 

Chimney of old house 76 04 

Chimney on main part of Strong house 83 52 

Nail in blaze in locust tree (4 inches diame- 
ter) 133 31 10 

Right peak of right-hand bam 143 51 

Large square chimney of large brick house . . 179 19 

North chimney of brick house 209 32 

North peak of old barn 271 06 

ELLIASON. 

General locality. — Western shore of Swan Creek on a point of land at north side of entrance to a 

small cove about three-fourths mile north of Rockhall Landing. (See Chart No. 28.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is about 2 feet above high water, 16 yards west by north of 
shore, 23 yards north-northwest of shore, 30 yards northeast of shore, and 33 yards north by east of shore. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 4 
inches above siu^ace of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 

References. — o / // 

"Corr" (N 33° 57' E) o 00 00 Jgmile. 

Large chimney of 2 '^-story house 9 08 i^'i miles. 

West peak of barn 40 53 'i mile. 

South chimney of house . : 60 58 J/i mile. 

Right chimney of house 98 12 1% miles. 

Main chimney of house on Rockhall Road. . 106 56 1^4 miles. 

Large house on Rockhall Road 114 04 1^-4 miles. 

Windmill at Gratitude 152 43 Jf mile. 

Gilt ball on lightning rod 155 34 30 % mile. 

Weather vane on Rockhall WTiarf house ... 160 53 40 i mile. 

East chimney of Strong house 202 52 ^8 mile. 

Near peak of very large brick house 320 02 ^ mile. 

South chimney of large house 359 14 yi mile. 

RAIL. 



General locality. — Eastern shore of Swan Creek about three-fourths mile northeast of Rockhall 
Landing. (See Chart No. 28.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on a low point about 2 feet above high water, 3 yards back 
from shore, and west of a number of small locust trees. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 3 inches 
above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches below 
base of monument. 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 



35 



References. — '' ' 

"Fork" (S 72" 56' W) o 00 

Chimney of tenant house 12 01 

South gable of Henson barn 56 36 

South gable of comcrib 86 18 

South gable of Svvatska house 143 41 

Nail in blaze in locust tree (4 inches diam- 
eter) 161 38 

Nail in blaze in locust tree (3 inches diam- 
eter) 192 52 

Nail in blaze in locust tree (3 inches diam- 
eter) 235 52 

North chimney of house 255 16 

Highest chimney of house 268 50 

East chimney of Frank Ayers's house 288 15 

East chimney of Georgia Ayers's house 306 20 

Chimney of Sullivan house 310 34 

Thompson windmill 322 09 

North chimney of Burgess house 327 18 

Chimney of fishing shack 339 26 

FORK. 



J4 mile. 

yi mile. 

s 8 mile. 

I mile. 

-^ mile. 

.94 meters. 

;.96 meters. 

1.24 meters. 
^ mile. 
I mile. 
i^ mile. 
% mile. 
yi mile. 
^ mile. 
Yt, mile. 
yi mile. 



General locality. — Western shore of Swan Creek, about one-half mile north-northeast of Rockhall 
Landing and three-eighths mile northwest of entrance to The Haven. (See Chart No, 28.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on marsh land aboxit 2 feet above high water, 25 yards 
inshore, and 200 yards from extreme south end of point. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 2 
inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 

References. — o / /i 

"Treasure" (.S 24° 29' E) o 00 00 . 

East chimney of Georgia Ayers's house 14 30 

Chimney of Sullivan house ^2 14 

Chimney of house 52 07 

East chimney of Strong house 105 ■;5 . . , . 

Chimney of EHiason house 119 42 

Nail in blaze in locust tree (3 inches diam- 
eter) 234 20 10 . . . 

Chimney of Swatska tenant house 252 52 

North chimney of Biglow house 279 57 

North chimney of house 322 06 

Rockhall M. E. Church Spire 334 41 50 . . . 

Highest chimney of house 350 35 

East chimney of Frank Ayers's house 359 25 

HAVEN. 



!s mile. 
's mile, 
<4 mile. 
' .. mile, 
'• R mile. 
y^ mile. 

1 1. 1 5 meters. 
5-^ mile. 
T4. mile. 
yi mile. 
lyi miles. 
I mile. 
yi mile. 



General locality. — Eastern shore of Swan Creek at northern side of entrance to The Haven about five- 
eighths mile east-northeast of Rockhall Landing. (See Charts Nos. 28 and 29.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on a long marsh point about 2 feet above high water, 5 yards 
back from high-water mark, and 7 yards west and 8 yards north of large pine trees, 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 3 
inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 



36 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 



References. — o / // 

"Fork" (N 57° 38' W) o 00 00 

Nail in blaze in oak tree (15 inches diameter) 21 28 50 

South gable of comcrib 36 46 

Nail in blaze in pine tree (18 inches diam- 
eter) 108 47 10 

North chimney of Shamokin house 136 18 

North chimney of house 166 44 

Nail in blaze in pine tree (18 inches diam- 
eter) 175 43 50 

North gable of house 215 44 . . 

Thompson windmill 299 28 40 

South chimney of Burgess house 301 29 

Chimney of tenant house 348 59 . . . 

TREASURE. 



3-^ mile. 
9.82 meters. 
1% miles. 

6.69 meters. 
yi mile. 
% mile. 

7.20 meters. 
^i mile. 
yi mile. 
^'s, mile. 
5's mile. 



General locality. — Eastern and southern shore of Swan Creek on a point at western side of entrance to 
The Haven, about one-half mile east-northeast of Rockhall Landing. (See Charts Nos. 28 and 29.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on a marsh point below high \vater, about 25 yards inshore, 
and 300 yards northeast of a house. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 6 
inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 

References. — ° 

"Orchard " (S 85° 00' W) o 

West gable of Strong barn 17 

South gable of barn 60 

South gable of barn 108 

Lone pine tree on opposite shore 155 

West gable of bam 183 

Rockhall M. E. Church Spire 218 

North gable of house 230 

West gable of houSe 235 

East pine tree of group 243 

East chimney of Ayers's house 311 

East gable of small barn 338 

Nail in blaze in dead locust tree (8 inches 

diameter) 344 

Nail in blaze in dead locust tree (8 inches 
diameter) 353 



28 



*'s mile. 
I mile. 

%■ mile. 

X mile. 

X mile. 

14 mile. 
i,!-4 miles. 

5 s mile. 
I mile. 

"4 mile. 
300 yards. 

j s mile. 

7.08 meters. 



36.32 meters. 



ORCHARD. 



General locality. — Eastern and southern shore of Swan Creek on point of land about one-eighth mile 
north of Rockhall Landing. (See Charts Nos. 28 and 29.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on a sand and grass point about 3 feet above high water, 7 yards 
west of peach orchard, 6 yards east of shore, 33 yards west-southwest of shore, 31 yards south of extreme 
end of point, 23 yards north of a wire fence, and 53 yards north of a house. Cement monument marking 
reference station is 9.67 meters N 83° 04' E of observed station. 

Marks. — Observed station is center of 2-inch tile pipe projecting 6 inches above surface of ground. 
Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches below base of surface mark. Refer- 
ence station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 2 inches above surface 
of ground. 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 



37 



References. — 

"Bank" (S 78° 45' W) o 00 

East chimney of house 42 23 

South peak between two chimneys of large 

house •■■ 105 51 

Chimney of an old long building 144 20 

Nail in blaze in locust tree (7 inches diam- 
eter) 176 02 

Reference station 184 

Nail in blaze in peach tree (5 inches diam- 
eter) 226 

Right corner of i^^-storj- building 229 

Northwest comer of house 267 

Nail in blaze in tree (13 inches diameter) .... 274 
West peak of 2-story wharf house 294 



19 



H 



lU 



21.85 
9.67 

8.07 

32-57 

53 

21.60 



mile, 
mile. 

miles, 
mile. 

meters, 
meters. 

meters. 

meters. 

yards. 

meters. 

mile. 

mile. 



Chimney of house on Swan Point 360 00 

GRATITUDE. 

General /oca/z<>'.— Eastern shore of Chesapeake Bay at eastern side of entrance to Swan Creek, oppo- 
site middle of Little Neck Island, and near old Rockhall Wharf. (See Charts Nos. 28 and 29.) 

Immediate /oco/jiy.— Observed station is on a marsh meadow about i foot above high water, 12 yards 
cast of shore, 150 yards southwest of a house, and 400 yards south-southwest of Rockhall Landmg. 

A/oi*i-.— Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projectmg 3 
inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of mpnument. 
References. — 

"Love Point Light" (S 11° 46' W) o 00 00 

"Sandy Point Light" 26 05 10 

"Baltimore Light" 41 21 20 

Chimney of fishing shack on Swan Point. ... 90 47 

Left tangent of piles of old Rockhall Wharf . . 124 15 

West gable of Strong bam 130 49 

Chimney of tallest wharf house at Rockhall 

Landing 162 15 

Chimney of house 166 19 

Post on northwest comer of Downey porch . . 196 57 

Nail in blaze in cedar tree (10 inches diame- 
ter) 273 02 40 

North gable of old bam 276 36 

North gable of bam 309 21 



5Js miles. 
io3-4 miles. 
93 s miles. 
I mile. 
200 yards 
34^ mile. 

% mile. 

I mile. 

150 yards. 

107 yards. 
200 yards. 
1^ miles. 



WINDMILL POINT. 

General /oca/i7y.— Eastern shore of Chesapeake Bay on Windmill Point at northem side of entrance 
to Rockhall Harbor. (See Chart No. 29.) 

I m mediate /ocaZjVy.— Observed station is on low marsh land about level with high water, about 30 
yards back from end of point, and 20 yards south of a group of large pine trees. Cement monument 
marking reference station is 24.13 meters N 20° 14' E of observed station. 

Marfo.— Observed station is center point of 2-inch tile pipe filled with sand with top about flush 
with surface of ground. Reference station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 



38 



Survey of Oyskr Bars, Kent County, Md. 



References. — o / // 

"Love Point Light" (S 17° 47' ) o 00 00 

Nail in blaze in pine tree (18 inches diame- 
ter) 146 39 30 

Nail in blaze in pine tree (24 inches diame- 
ter) 178 03 00 

Reference station 182 27 00 

Nail in blaze in pine tree (20 inches diame- 
ter) 216 10 20 

Rockhall M. E. Church Spire 238 05 40 

Highest gable on Sharps Wharf 246 42 

East chimney of house 271 27 

Chimney of small house 287 55 

West chimney of small house 311 04 . . 



5,''2 miles. 

17.33 nieters. 

23.57 nieters. 
24.13 meters. 

16.52 meters. 

I mile. 

}-i mile. 

^ mile. 

J4 mile. 

I mile. 



STEVENS. 



General locality. — Eastern shore of Chesapeake Bay about one-fourth mile south of Huntingfield 
Point at entrance to Huntingfield Creek. (See Chart No. 29.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is in a cultivated field about 15 feet above high water, 55 
yards back from edge of vertical bank 3 feet higher than station, and 450 yards south of the extreme 
end of Huntingfield Point. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 2 
inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 

References. — o / // 

" Love Point Light" (S 25° 03' W) o 00 00 

Right tangent of Love Point 12 13 

Southeast comer of fishing shack on Swan 

Point Ill 24 

East gable of Strong bam 125 42 

Thompson windmill 135 01 20 

Chimney of house 150 32 

Nail in blaze in cedar tree (10 inches diame- 
ter) 155 24 20 

Wicks windmill 223 16 20 

Nail in blaze in locust tree (18 inches diame- 
ter) 227 23 00 

Chimney of small house 239 58 

Nail in blaze in persimmon tree (10 inches 

diameter) 275 26 20 

Chimney of Stevens tenant house 320 39 



4?s miles. 
614 miles. 

2,'.2 miles. 

2'2 miles. 

2 miles. 

i>4 miles. 

200 yards. 
I mile. 

no yards. 
I mile. 



130 yards. 
yi mile. 



BALTIMORE LIGHT. 



General locality. — Western side of Chesapeake Bay offshore about i)4 miles east of mouth of Magothy 
River and one-eighth mile west of entrance to dredged channel leading to Baltimore. (See progress 
map.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on brick octagonal dwelling on cylindrical foundation 
known as Baltimore Lighthouse. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of lantern on Baltimore Lighthouse. 

References. — None necessarj'. 

SANDY POINT LIGHT. 

General locality. — Western side of Chesapeake Bay offshore about one-half mile east of Sandy Point. 
(See Chart No. 29 and progress map.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on brick dwelling on cylindrical foundation know-n as 
Sandy Point Lighthouse. 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 39 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of lantern on Sandy Point Lighthouse. 
References. — o / // 

" Bodkin Point (old tower) " (N 14° 35' W) . . o 00 00 &% miles. 

RING. 

General locality. — Eastern shore of Chesapeake Bay on western side of Kent Island about 2% miles 
south-southwest of Love Point and 3^ s miles east of Sandy Point. (See Chart No. 29.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is in a cultivated field about 20 feet above high water, 12 yards 
inshore, and 2 yards from edge of bank. Cement monument marking reference station is 9.36 meters 
N 79° 21' E of observed station. 

Marks. — Observed station is center of 4-inch tile pipe with top 3 inches below surface of ground. 
Reference station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 4 inches above 
surface of ground. 

References. — o / // 

"Sandy Point Light" (N 84° 56' W) o 00 00 3*8 miles. 

Cupalo on bam 117 51 i mile. 

South chimney of house 141 00 ^ mile. 

Reference station 164 17 10 9.36 meters. 

Lone tree (2 inches diameter) 224 10 300 yards. 

South chimney of house 238 56 300 yards. 

LOVE POINT LIGHT. 

General locality. — Eastern side of Chesapeake Bay at entrance to Chester River offshore about 1% 
miles northeast of Love Point. (See Chart No. 29.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on hexagonal screw-pile structure known as Love Point 
Lighthouse. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of lantern on Love Point Lighthouse. 

References. — o / n 

" Wickes Beach" (S 47° 55' E) o 00 00 3'2 miles. 

AMOUR. 

General locality. — Northern end of Kent Island at western side of entrance to Chester River, about 
one-fourth mile southeast of Love Point and three-eighths mile north of Love Point Landing. fSee 
Chart No. 29.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on sand and marsh point, about 2 feet above high water, 25 
yards inshore, and 55 yards north of fishing shack. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 4 
inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 

References. — ° ' '^ 

" Love Point Light" (N 33° 42' E) o 00 00 if4 miles. 

Left chimney of house 28 28 4}i miles. 

West gable of house on East Neck 48 00 3^^ miles. 

North gable of bam 54 30 3^ miles. 

North gable of house on Cedar Point 76 30 5 miles. 

Gable of bam 128 18 4}4 miles. 

Left tangent of Kent Island Landing 132 59 1^ miles. 

Northeast comer of fishing shack 140 38 57 yards. 

Nail in blaze in cedar tree (3 inches diameter) 174 43 12. 46 meters. 

" Railway Water Tank " 199 53 50 pi mile. 

Nail in blaze in cedar tree (4 inches diameter) 206 *io 11. 30 meters. 

Nail in blaze in cedar tree (6 inches diameter) 295 02 38. 88 meters. 



40 Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 

RAILWAY WATKR TANK. 

General locality. — Northern end of Kent Island, about half-way between Chesapeake Bay and 
Chester River and three-fourths mile south by west of Love Point. (See Chart No. 29.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on the only large elevated water lank located just north of 
the center of the bend of the railway that leaves Love Point Landing. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of top of water tank. 

References . — None necessary. 

WICKES BEACH. 

General locality. — Eastern shore of mouth of Chester River on western side of East Neck Island near 
Wickes Beach. (See Chart No. 29.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on a narrow sand beach about on level with high water. 10 
yards back from low water, and 2 yards west of swamp which extends back to woods. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 4 
inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 

References. — ° ' " 

" Love Point Light " ( N 47° 54' W) o 00 00 3 miles. 

Nail in blaze in oak tree (15 inches diameter) 60 45 40 300 yards. 

Nail in blaze in gum tree (12 inches diam- 
eter) 70 59 00 250 yards. 

Nail in blaze in oak tree (15 inches diameter) 114 05 50 200 yards. 

North cupola of bam 155 15 s^ mile. 

Lone tree on Cedar Point 178 23 i^s miles. 

East gable of barn 200 21 4 miles. 

North gable of Jackson Wharf house 214 26 4' 's miles. 

North gable of barn 276 32 ^j.i miles. 

Cupola on farmhouse 299 16 3 '/s miles. 

"Railway Water Tank " 321 45 00 3' s miles. 

North flagstaff on Love Point Hotel 323 27 3^5 miles. 

NARROWS POINT. 

General locality. — Northern shore of Chester River on southwest end of East Neck Island, about 
one eighth mile north of Cockeys Island and three-eighths mile west-northwest of Cedar Point. iSec 
Charts Nos. 29 and 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on a low marshy point about level with high water, about 
7 yards from low water, and 325 yards west of a fishing shack. Cement monument marking reference 
station is 12.28 meters N 7° 58' E of observed station. 

Marks. —Observed station is center of 3-inch tile pipe filled with cement with top 4 inches below 
surface of ground. Reference station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument pro- 
jecting 4 inches above surface of ground. 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 



Reference": . — 

" Wickes Beach " (TM 4&° 58' W) o 00 

Reference station 64 56 

■ Chimney of fishing shack 133 08 

West gable of Qiieenstown elevator 153 44 

Cupola on barn 164 05 

North gable of house i8g 51 

North gable of bam 194 53 

Cupola on barn 216 26 

North gable of house 228 16 

North gable of house on Jackson Creek 231 47 

East gable of Jackson Wharf house 233 52 

North gable of bam 254 28 

West chimney of house 285 16 

Chimney of house near Macum Creek 293 36 

East chimney of house 318 01 

" Railway W'ater Tank " 334 n 

.South flagstaff on Love Point Hotel 335 26 

Flagstaff on Love Point Wharf 335 42 

Right tangent of Love Point 341 30 

MACr.M. 



ij/i miles. 
2. 28 meters. 
325 yards. 
3K miles. 
25.^ miles. 
2^ niiles. 
2^^ miles. 
2yi miles. 
2>^ miles. 
2j4 miles. 
2^4 miles. 
3 miles. 
3'"^ miles. 
4's miles. 
45-4 miles. 
5 '4 miles. 
5''S miles. 
4f^ miles. 
c; miles. 



General /oca///j.— Southern shore of Chester River on Kent Island, about 4';' miles south of Love 
Point Light, 3 miles south-sjutheast of Ixjve Point Landing, and one-half mile north -northwest of Macum 
Creek. (See Chart No. 29.) 

Immediate /oco/ifj'.— Observed station is in cultivated field, about 7 feet above high water, 25 yards 
inshore, and 16 yards south of two cedar trees at edge of bank. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 3 
inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile jiipe Iniried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 
References. — 

"Love Point Light" iN 0° 19' E) o 

North cupola of bam on East Neck Island. . 50 
Chimney of house on East Neck Island ... 52 
Nail in blaze in persimmon tree <6 inches 

diameter) 57 

South comer of fishing shack on Cedar Point . 72 

West gable of large bam 89 

Cupola on small house 97 

West gable of house 102 

Cupola on bam 108 

Gable of house near Jackson Creek 119 

East chimney of brick house 195 

East chimney of house 212 

Cupola on house 221 

East chimney of house 225 

North chimney of house 257 

Lone cedar tree 266 

Nail in blaze in cedar tree (4 inches diam- 
eter) 314 

"Railway Water Tank" 333 

East gable of wharf house on Kent Islajid 

Landing 339 

Flagstaff on wharf house on Love Point 

Landing 342 

Chimney of fishing shack 343 



17 



03 



00 4J2' miles. 

3-'4 miles. 
3' 4 miles. 

50 22. 24 meters. 

4 miles. 

5 miles. 

5 miles. 

4>2 miles. 

3 miles. 

35-s miles. 

X mile. 

I mile. 

i>' 8 miles. 

^-8 mile. 

400 yards. 

500 yards. 

30 30-98 meters. 

20 3)4 miles. 

1^-2 miles. 

3>8 miles. 

3X miles. 



42 Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 

THIN. 

General locality. — Southern shore of Chester River on western side of entrance to Kent Narrows, 
about three-fourths mile north of Narrows railway station. (See Chart No. 29.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on a marsh poinc about i foot above high water, 55 yards 
north of shore, and 55 yards west of shore. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 5 
inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 

References. — o / // 

"Muddy " (N 37° 5s' E) o 00 00 /i mile. 

Smoke pipe on shanty 75 13 i mile. 

Large low telegraph pole 99 27 ^ mile. 

Smoke pipe on slant-roofed shanty 107 58 ^ mile. 

Near comer of fishing shanty 196 21 X mile. 

Tangent of Long Point 356 41 X mile. 

MUDDY. 

General locality. — Southern shore of Chester River on Long Point, between Muddy Creek and Jack- 
son Creek, about 2}^ miles southwest of Cedar Point and ;}','2 miles west of Queenstown. (See Charts 
Nos. 29 and 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on marsh land covered with mjTtle bushes, about 2 feet 
above high water, 7 yards inshore, 25 yards southwest of extreme end of point, and 70 yards north of 
group of pine trees. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle, on standard cement monument projecting 

3 inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 

References. — o / // 

" Love Point Light" (N 28° 41' W) o 00 00 

East chimney of house 34 54 

Lone pine tree on Cedar Point 53 36 

South gable of bam 79 35 

Cupola on bam 103 11 

Cupola on barn 114 53 

West gable of bam 134 ;^^ 

Chimney of house 146 39 

North gable of wharf house on Jackson Creek 

Landing 179 21 

North gable of house 1S2 10 

Chimney of small house 202 56 

Nail in blaze in pine tree (8 inches diame- 
ter) 221 12 50 63 yards. 

Nail in blaze in pine tree (12 inches di- 
ameter) 243 25 67 yards. 

South flagstaff of Love Point Hotel 339 43 30 s'-g miles. 

North gable of wharf house on Love Point 

Landing 341 46 5^ miles. 

Right tangent of Love Point 345 12 55^ miles. 

BRIDGE. 

General locality. — Southern side of Chester River on western shore of Kent Narrows, about one- 
eighth mile west of Narrows railway station. (See Chiirt No. 29.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on a telegraph pole at a point about 25 feet above high water, 

4 yards south of near rail of railroad, 8 yards west of end of railroad bridge, and 7 yards from tie line of 
bridge. 

Marks.- — Observed station is a small staff nail.'d to telegraph ix>le. 
Reference.'. — None neccssar}'. 



6 miles. 


2^4 miles. 


2)4 miles. 


4'< miles. 


3 miles. 


2X miles. 


ij^ miles. 


I X miles. 


I mile. 


iX miles. 


X mile. 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 



43 



34^ mile. 
2}i miles. 
2^ miles. 

75 yards. 

3^ mile. 
38.07 meters. 

27.09 meters. 
30.33 meters. 

100 yards. 

1^4 miles. 

I '4 miles. 

I ' , miles. 

I '• s miles. 



RAILROAD. 

General locality. — Southern side of Chester River on eastern shore of Kent Narrows, about three- 
eighths mile east-southeast of Narrows railway station and one-eighth mile south of railroad. (See Chart 
No. 29.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on cultivated land about 8 feet above high water, 35 yards 
south by west of telephone line on north side of county road. 75 yards east of shanty, and So yards north- 
east of shore of small cove. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 4 
inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 

References. — o / // 

"Marshy" (S 2° 38' E) . o 00 00 . . . 

Cupola on bam 29 36 

Chimney on ell of large house 38 04 

Right tangent of shanty 96 32 

South peak of Fisherman Inn 118 01 

Nail in blaze in tree (8 inches diameter). . . . 139 44 10 . . . 
Nail in blaze in cherry tree (14 inches di- 
ameter) 163 29 40 . . . 

Nail in blaze in telephone pole No. 2848. . . . 197 15 20 . . 

Smokepipe of shanty 209 50 

Near peak of ell-shaped house 269 00 , 

Near ])eak of house 292 t() 

Left peak of barn . . 345 37 

House in trees 354 10 

BLUEBEARD. 

General locality. — Eastern shore of Chester River on point at entrance to a small creek, about five- 
eighths mile northeast of Blunt Creek and i mile southwest of entrance to Queenstown Creek. (See 
Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on a low sand beach about i foot above high water, 5 yards 
inshore, 2 yards east of small persimmon tree, 55 yards northeast of a small stream, and 200 yards north- 
northeast of a pond. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 2 
inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 

References. — o / // 

"Love Point Light" (N 47° 53' W) o 00 00 7 miles. 

South gable of house 12 03 2j-^ miles. 

Right tangent of piles of Bogle Wharf 29 48 3VS miles. 

Largest of four pine trees on Piney Point. . . 48 58 4 miles. 

East chimney of house 70 23 2^^ miles. 

Black beacon at entrance to Queenstown 

Creek 90 23 40 i mile. 

Nail in blaze in sw-amp-oak tree (4 inches di- 
ameter) 122 01 10 10.60 meters. 

Nail in blaze in chestnut tree (18 inches di- 
ameter) 197 34 10 150 yards. 

Nail in blaze in oak tree (6 inches diameter) . 270 04 20 125 yards. 

Cupola of bam 278 50 i>2 miles. 

East chimney of house 279 24 i\4 miles. 

North gable of Jackson Creek Landing 

house 290 II 2 \s miles. 

East gable of house 329 17 sji miles. 

Gable of Love Point wharf house 344 oS 6^^ miles. 

Right tangent of \jove Point 347 46 7 miles. 



44 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 



BLAKEFORD. 



General locality. — Eastern shore of Chester River, about three-eighths mile north of Blakeford Point, 
at entrance to Queenstown Creek. (See Chart No. ^o. i 

Immediate locality. — Oliserved station is about 15 feet above high water, 8 yards inshore, 2 yards 
back from top of bank with uniform slope to beaeh. 25 yards north of gully, and 25 yards south of large 
sycamore tree at foot of slope. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 3 
inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 

References. — o / 1/ 

"Rain" (N 74° 56' W) o 00 

Right tangent of piles of Bogle Wharf 27 7,1, 

Nail in blaze in cedar tree (4 inches diame- 
ter) 83 12 

Northwest comer of house in woods 155 39 

West gable of small house 174 ig 

West gable of large bam 215 41 

West gable of house 235 20 

Northeast corner of elevator at Queenstown . 23Q 21 
Nail in blaze in ash tree (15 inches diame- 
ter) 247 00 

First black beacon at entrance to Queens- 
town Creek 294 49 

Chimney of fishing shack on Cedar Point. . . 352 26 



00 . . . 


I's miles. 




3 miles. 


10 


13.31 meters. 




300 yards. 




;'s mile. 




5 s mile. 




y^ mile. 




5-^ mile. 


20 


21.30 meters. 




'2 mile. 




2'^ miles. 



RAIN. 



General locality. — Western shore of Chester River on Hail Point, about ivs miles south-southeast of 
Bogle Wharf. (See Chart No. 30. 1 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is about 5 feet above high water, 3 yards north of shore, and 
20 yards northwest of extreme end of point. Cement monument marking reference station is 29.84 
meters N 65° 20' W of observed station. 

Marks. — Ob.served station is center of 2-inch tile pipe projecting 4 inches above surface of ground. 
Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches below base of surface pipe. Ref- 
erence station is center point of triangle, on standard cement monument projecting 3 inches above 
surface of ground. Subsurface mark of reference station is center of 2-inch tile pipe with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 

References. — ° ' " 

"Bluebeard" (vS 21 ° 17' E) o 

Chimney of house n 

Cupola on bam 2,1 

Chimney of house on Jackson Creek 45 

Chimney of small house 48 

Chimney of fishing shack loi 

Nail in blaze in i)ine tree (10 inches diame- 
ter) 119 

Reference statio.n 135 

Nail in blaze in pine tree (10 inches diame- 
ter) 147 

South gable of house 17 ■ 

Right tangent of piles of Bogle Wliarf i.^n 

Williams water tank 255 

Black beacon at entrance to Queenstown 

Creek 318 

C npola on ham 338 



59 



i".s miles. 
2i% miles. 
2}i miles. 
3.'-l5 miles. 
1% miles. 
7-8 mile. 

15.45 meters. 
29.84 meters. 

18.09 meters. 
I '2 miles. 
I' I miles. 
2 miles. 

I ' 2' miles. 
i?^ miles. 



Siirvey of Oyster Bars, Kent Comity. Md. 



45 



BREAK. 

General locality. —'Eastern shore of Chester River on Break Puinl iiljout one-eighth mile nortli of 
north side of entrance to Tilghmans Creek. (See Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is in a cultivated field about 5 feet above high water, 13 
yards inshore, 4 yards from edge of bank. 200 yards north of extreme end of point, and 300 yards west 
of a house. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 
5 inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 
References. — 

" Blakeford " (S 23° 21' E) o 00 00 

North chimney of house at Queenstown .... 6 55 

Chimney of house 37 48 

Cupola on bam near Jackson Creek Landing 49 05 

Chimney of small house 55 05 

Chimney of small house 58 35 

Chimney of Greens fishing shack 84 38 

South chimney of house 103 42 

East gable of house 131 23 

Riglit tangent of piles of Bogle Wliarf 133 30 

East chimney of house 151 35 

East chimney of house 176 46 

Williams water tank 200 58 

Knob on door of fishing shack 349 58 

OVERTON. 



1} 2 miles. 
2 ' 2 miles. 
3~s miles. 
4' s miles. 
4' 2 miles. 
5' 2 miles. 
I ' < miles. 
2 ' s miles. 
2', 8 miles. 
I-; 8 miles. 
2!2 miles. 
334' miles. 

'4' mile. 

Jj mile. 



General locality. — Western shore of Chester River on north side of entrance to Durdin Creek and 
about 100 yards south of Bogle Wharf. (See Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on marsh land about i foot above liigh water, 4 yards 
inshore, 100 yards south of Bogle Wharf, 250 yards southeast of Bogle store, and 300 yards west of 
Bogle Wharf house. Cement monument marking reference station is 11.26 meters S 73° od' W of ob 
served station. 

Marks. — Observed station is center of 2-inch tile pipe projecting 2 inches above surface of ground. 
Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches below base of surface pipe. Ref- 
erence station is center point of triangle <m standard cement monument jirojccting 4 inches above 
surface of ground. 

References. — ° 

"Bay Bush Point" (N 3° 13' W) o 

South gable of bam 4 

South gable of bam 17 

West gable of bam 39 

Left tangent of piles of Bogle Wharf 73 17 

Chimney of house 119 25 

Lower west gable of Queenstown elevator. . . 138 21 

North gable of.house 140 27 

Right tangent of woods on Hail Point 168 59 

Reference station 256 18 

Chimney of Bogle's store 289 17 

FIR. 



13 



!%■ miles. 
2y8 miles. 

3 miles. 

5 miles. 
300 yards. 
2'2 miles. 
3J4' miles. 
33^ miles. 
i3 8 miles. 
11.26 meters. 
250 yards. 



General locality.— Uastern shore of Chester River on Piney Point about lyi miles north-northwest 
of Break Point and one-half mile west of Piney Cove. (See Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on marsh land at the extreme end of Pine\' Point, about 
on level with high water, and about 4 yards east of shore. Cement monument marking reference station 
is 10.45 nieters S 70° 43' E of observed station. 



46 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 



Marks. — Observed station is center of 2-inch tile pipe with top flush with surface of ground. vSub 
surface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe biu"ied with top 2 inches below base of surface pipe. Refer- 
ence station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 4 inches above surface 
of ground. 

References. — o / // 

"Break" (S 21° 04' E) o 00 00 I'X miles. 

East chimney of house at Queenstown 2 36 4 miles. 

Chimney of house 24 17 4X miles. 

Gable of bam near Jackson Creek Landing. . 34 49 similes. 

North gable of house 35 17 $% miles. 

Chimney of fishing shack 51 41 23-^ miles. 

Right tangent of piles of Bogle Wharf 71 41 1^4 miles. 

Chimney of house 77 08 i}i miles. 

Soutli chimney of house 135 34 i '^ miles. 

North chimney of house 170 54 2^ miles. 

West chimney of house 178 00 3 miles. 

West gable of barn 199 30 3^ miles. 

Left tangent of woods 226 37 X mile. 

Reference station 310 21 10 10.45 meters. 

Williams water tank 339 41 1% miles. 

BAY BUSH POINT. 



General locality. — Western shore of Chester River on a point about one-fourth mile north of entrance 
to Fr)'ingpan Cove and Churn Creek. (See Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on a marsh point about i foot above high water, 15 
yards inshore, and in front of several persimmon trees. Cement moniiment marking reference station is 
10.16 meters N 80° 13' W of observed station. 

Marks. — Observed station is nail in 3-inch cement filled tile pipe with top 6 inches below surface 
of ground incased in cement cake bearing the legend "U. S. C. S. — 1896." Reference station is center 
point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 4 inches above surface of ground. 
References. — /■ // 

" Fir " (S 57" 56' Ej o 

Williams water tank 8 

Chimney of house at Queenstown 27 

West gable of barn 35 

Left tangent of woods on Hail Point 45 

Left tangent of piles of Bogle Wharf 48 

Chimney of Bogle store 58 

Nail in blaze in persimmon tree (6 inches 

diameter) 69 

Reference station 157 

Nail in blaze in persimmon tree (8 inches 

diameter) 220 

West chimney of house 244 

East gable of bam 262 

West gable of bam 297 

W'est gable of bam 316 



17 



58 



4.S 



i' 2 miles. 
2^2 miles. 
5}4 miles. 
4ji miles. 
3K' miles. 
iX miles. 
I;'' 8 miles. 

6.25 meters, 
ro. 16 meters. 

6.20 meters. 

i>4 miles. 

3 miles. 

4>'s miles. 

3 miles. 



GORDON. 



General locality. — Eastern side of Chester River about 55 yards off shore, three-fourths mile 
southwest of entrance to Reeds Creek and seven-eighths mile north-northeast of Piney Point. (See 
Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is in about 3 feet of water at high tide, 55 yards off shore, 
and 300 )'ards soutliwest of end of woods and cultivated field. Cement monument marking reference 
station is 57.49 meters S 71° 15' E of observed station. 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 



47 



Marks. — Observed station is nail in 2-inch by 4-inch pine stub driven vvitli tup to high water. 
Reference station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 4 inches above 
surface of ground. 

References. — o / // 

"Fir" (825° 18' W) o 

Left tangent of piles of Bogle Wharf 15 

East gable of bam 42 

vSouth chimney of house 103 

West chimney of Harris house 118 

South gable of Strong tenant house 129 

South chimney of house 145 

Spindle on Brown house 167 

South gable of com crib 197 

Nail in blaze in pine tree (10 inches diame- 
ter) 252 

Reference station 263 

Nail in blaze in pine tree (18 inches diame- 
ter) 



286 55 



yi mile. 

2yi miles. 

2 miles. 

2 miles. 
2^ miles. 

3 miles. 
3 miles. 

3 \4 miles. 
3 miles. 

57.93 meters. 
57.49 meters. 



57.02 meters. 



BIRD. 



General locality. — Eastern shore of Chester River on Gordon Point at southwest side of entrance 
to Reeds Creek about i'^ miles southwest of Holton Point. (See Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is in a marsh meadow about 2 feet above high water, and 
7 5 yards west of shore . 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 
7 inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 

References. — o / // 

"Crow" (S 14° 23' W) o 00 00 3 s mile. 

Lone pine tree (12 inches diameter) 6g 59 300 yards. 

North chimney of house 85 13 3'<,' miles. 

South gable of bam 115 56 2 J-s miles. 

Northwest corner of house . . 230 16 ' s mile. 

North chimney of house ... . 300 01 1 mile. 

North gable of house 343 41 1 '2 miles. 

Windmill 358 43 >-^ mile. 

Chimney of house ' 359 09 3-8 mile. 

CROW. 

General locality. — Eastern side of Chester River on western shore of Reeds Creek about one-half mile 
south of extreme end of Gordon Point. (See Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is in yard of tenant house about 4 feet above high water, 12 
yards west of shore , 5 yards south of a pear orchard, and 7 yards north of a house. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 6 
inches above surface of groimd. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 

References. — o / // 

"Bird" (N 14° 23' E) o 00 00 ^.^s mile. 

South gable of house near Cliffs Landing .... 3 03 3^ miles. 

South gable of bam 36 18 iX miles. 

Cupola of bam 73 23 lyi miles. 

Northeast comer of Camell tenant house 99 01 30 8. 71 meters. 

Northwest comer of Camell tenant house .... 128 43 10 6. 65 meters. 

Northeast comer of bam 198 25 20 14. 06 meters. 

Northwest comer of bam 221 37 10 12. 68 meters. 



48 



Survey oj Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 



GROVE. 

(iintial tocalily. — Eastern side of Chester River on a point Ijetwecu Keeds Creek and (irove Creek 
about one-half mile southeast of Gordon Point. (See Chart No. 30. 1 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is in a meadow about 2 feet above high water. 2(1 )'ards south 
of shore , 8 yards west of three persimmon trees, and 3 5 yards west of a pond . 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 5 
inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 

References. — o / // 

"Reeds" (N 20° 32' E) o 

East chimney of house 13 

South gable of bam iq 

Nail in blaze in persimmon tree (6 inches 

diameter) 53 

Cupola on bam 75 

Cupola on Wright bam. 108 

North gable of bam 168 

East gable of house 181 

South gable of house 230 

Lone pine tree on Gordon Point 282 

Cupola on bam 316 

South chimney of house 326 

Nail in blaze in sassafras tree (5 inches 
diameter) 33S 



,' , mile. 
|<4 mile. 
3/i mile. 

. 98 meters. 
5.^ mile. 
34' mile. 
^4 mile. 
J^ mile. 
>2 mile. 
}{ mile. 

4 miles. 

4 miles. 



10. 34 meters. 



REEDS. 



General locality. — Eastern shore of Chester River at northeast side of entrance to Reeds Creek and 
about five-eighths mile south of Robins Cove. (See Chart No. 30. 1 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on marsh hnd about 2 feet above high water. 34 yards cast 
of shore, 9 yards north of ditch draining swamp, and in center of triangle formed by three pine stubs 
driven flush w-ith marsh to support theodolite. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 2 
inches above surface of ground. Substirface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of uiouument. 

References. — o / /> 

"Bird" (S62°26'W) o 

East chimney of Harris house 60 

Chimney of house 101 

East chimney of Brown house 112 

Chimney of cabin 186 

Cupola on bam 276 

North gable of house 316 

Chimney of house 337 



4b 



>.. mile. 
3>^ miles. 
2i/4 miles. 
3 miles. 
300 yards 
i^'4 miles. 
1^4 miles, 

l/i mile. 



LITTLE GUM. 



General locality. — Western shore of Chester Ri\-cr on Little Gum Point at southwest side of entrance 
to Grays Inn Creek. (See Chart No. 30. ) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on a marsh point about i foot above high water, 2 yards 
siuth of shore, and 12 yards southeast of a 4-foot ditch. Cement moniuncnt marking reference station 
is 40.97 meters N 33° 31' W of observed station. 

Marks. — Observed station is center of 2-inch tile pipe with top flush with surface of ground. Sub- 
surface mark is 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches belo\v base of surface pipe. Reference station 
is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 4 inches above surface of groimd. 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 



49 



References. — ° 

"Weeks" (N 29° 53' W) o 

East gable of old house on opposite shore .... 29 

South chimney of house 81 

Southgableof house near Cliffs Landing . ... C)^ 

North gable of bam 115 

North gable of bam 130 

South gable of bam 170 

Left tangent of Gum Point 212 

North gable of bam 220 

South chimney of Harris house 347 



RBPERENCE STATION 356 22 GO 

WEEKS. 



3-i mile. 

I mile. 

I mile. 

3X miles. 

3X miles. 

3X miles. 

2^8 miles. 

fi mile. 

Pi mile. 

1^ mile. 

40. 97 meters. 



General locality.- — Western shore of Grays Inn Creek about three-eighths mile northwest of Chester 
River, and one-eighth mile southeast of Harris Wharf. (See Chart No. 30. ) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is in cultivated field about 7 feet above high water, 6 yards 
west of shore, 5 yards west of vertical bank 5 feet high, 50 yards northeast of low cedar tree at edge of 
peach orchard, 250 yards north of a wharf, and 200 yards north-northeast of a house. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 4 
inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe biu-ied with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 

References. — o / // 

"Inn" (N 89° 27' E) o 00 00 J^ mile. 

Left tangent of gable of barn 43 07 3^ miles. 

Chimney of Harris tenant house 93 48 175 yards. 

East gable of Harris house 107 38 200 yards. 

East gable of Harris bam 142 45 250 yards. 

Chimney of Harris tenant house 211 50 300 yards. 

Right tangent of piles of Harris Wliarf 260 03 300 yards. 

East gable of Strong tenant house 288 59 J^ mile. 

Chimney of Strong distillery 324 46 ^ mile. 

Lone sycamore tree on opposite shore 335 05 ^-a mile. 

SPRING. 

General locality. — Western shore of Grays Inn Creek about one-half mile northwest of Chester River, 
on Spring Point, near Harris Wharf. (See Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is in a cultivated field about 10 feet above high water, 8 yards 
southwest of shore, 10 yards west of a barn, 4 yards southwest of top of slope, and 100 yards southwest 
of an old wharf. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 3 
inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monximent. 

References. — o / // 

"Island" (N 56° 37' E) o 00 00 

I,eft tangent of piles at northeast comer of 

old wharf 3 12 

Lone sycamore tree on opposite shore 27 58 .. 

Nail in northwest corner of Harris bam 40 12 30 

Lone cedar tree near orchard 105 03 

Nail in post in southwest comer of Harris 

hay shed 143 

Stack of I^ary sawmill 271 

Nail in blaze in walnut tree (3 inches diam- 
eter) 273 

Chimney of Strong tenant house 336 

14126 — 12 4 



58 



^4 mile. 

100 yards. 

K mile. 

9. 10 meters. 

350 yards. 

20. 69 meters. 
2 miles. 

10. 73 meters. 
}4 mile. 



50 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 



LUCY. 

General locality. — Western shore of Grays Inn Creek abour three-fourths mile northwest of Chester 
River and one-fourth mile northwest of Harris Wharf. (See Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on wooded shore about 5 feet above high water, 5 yards 
west of shore, 2 yards west of top of vertical bank, and 3 feet north of a stump 4 inches in diameter. 
Cement monument marking reference station is 11.55 meters S 36° 59' W of observed station. 

Marks. — Observed station is center of 2-inch tile pipe projecting 3 inches above surface of ground. 
Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches below base of surface pipe. Refer- 
ence station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 4 inches above surface 
of ground. 

References. — o 1 n 

"Spring" (S 48° 33' E) o 00 00 % mile. 

Nail in blaze in twin chestnut tree (18 

inches diameter) 71 38 10 g. 54 meters. 

Reference station 85 32 20 n- 55 meters. 

Nail in blaze in twin chestnut tree (10 

inches diameter) iii 56 50 8. 31 meters. 

Stack of Leary sawmill 198 51 20 i^ miles. 

East gable of bam 210 59 2 miles. 

Left tangent of piles of Strong old wharf ... . 213 34 J^ mile. 

Southwest comer of Strong house 310 53 >^ mile. 

Nail in blaze in gum tree (15 inches diam- 
eter) 338 07 10 4. 73 meters. 

Left tangent of piles of Harris old wharf ... . 345 48 X "lile. 

Northeast comer of Harris bam 359 13 X mile. 

GOOSE. 

General locality. — Western shore of upper Grays Inn Creek about ij4 miles northwest of Chester 
River, on point between Browns Cove and Goose Cove. (See Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is in a cultivated field at edge of peach orchard about 12 feet 
above high water, 8 yards southwest of shore, 6 yards southwest of top of vertical bank, and i yard north 
of row of peach trees. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 3 
inches above surface of groimd. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 

References. — ° / // 

" Prussian" (N 18° 50' W) o 00 00 X mile. 

East gable of house o 49 iK miles. 

West chimney of house 31 32 1J4 miles. 

Nail in blaze in locust tree (6 inches diam- 
eter) 36 09 00 5. 32 meters. 

West chimney of house 37 46 1 mile. 

Left tangent of piles of old wharf 38 51 ^ mile. 

West chimney of house 87 21 J/2 mile. 

North post of Harris hay shed 156 55 X mile. 

Nail in blaze in peach tree (6 inches diam- 
eter) 248 59 10 10. 42 meters. 

East gable of bam 328 26 X mile. 

Nail in blaze in locust tree (5 inches diam- 
eter) 348 08 20 14. 47 meters. 

Stack of Learys sawmill 353 22 50 iji miles. 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 



51 



yi mile. 
i}4 miles. 
yi mile. 
yi mile. 

I mile. 
yi mile. 

5 miles. 

I mile. 

I mile. 
X mile. 
y^ mile. 



PRUSSIAN. 
General locality— Western shore of upper Grays Inn Creek about iH miles northwest of Chester 
River, opposite Strong's old wharf. (See Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality.— Observed station is in a marsh meadow about i foot above high water, 9 yards 
southwest of shore, 25 yards west of extreme end of point, and in center of triangle formed by three pine 
stubs driven flush with marsh to support theodolite. 

A/arfei.— Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 6 
inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 
References. — 

"Gray" (N 13° 48' W) o 

South chimney of house 34 

West chimney of house 45 

West chimney of house 62 

West chimney of small house near shore ... 70 
Right tangent of piles of Strong old wl.arf ... 92 

Right tangent of tin roofed bam 149 

Left tangent of piles of Harris old wharf 154 

South gable of Harris hay shed 158 

Chimney of house 287 

South chimney of house 294 

GRAY. 

General locality.— Western shore of upper Grays Inn Creek about iK miles northwest of Chester River, 

250 yards west of Browns Point, and i mile south-southeast of Learys Mill Wharf. (See Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality.— Observed station is in a cultivated field about 3 feet above high water, 10 yards 

south of shore, 200 yards north of a group of five pine trees, and about on line with two cedar trees north 

Marks.— Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 3 
inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 
References. — 

"Herring" (N 44° 12' E) o °o 

South gable of bam 9 55 

Nail in blaze in cedar tree (3 inches diam- 
eter) 22 05 

Chimney of Harris house 107 22 

West one of group of pine trees (12 inches 

diameter) 15° 45 

North chimney of house 178 58 

Stack of Learys sawmill 283 09 

Wicks windmill 284 47 

Chimney of small house 289 55 

Nail in blaze in dead cedar tree (6 inches 

diameter) 3°? 16 

East chimney of house 3^5 24 

Lone dead pine tree 359 32 

HERRING. 

General locality. -Uastem shore of upper Grays Inn Creek about i^ miles northwest of Chester River, 
at north side of entrance to Herringtown Creek and about five-eighths mile east-southeast of Leary saw- 
mill. (See Chart No. 30.) . 

Immediate locality. -Observed station is in a marsh meadow about 2 feet above high water, 20 yards 
north of shore, 5 yards west of a rail fence, 7 yards south of a lone dead pine tree, 75 yards south of a lone 
cedar tree, and in center of triangle formed by three pine stubs driven flush with marsh to support 
theodolite. 



yi mile. 
;,i mile. 

14. 67 meters. 
i}4 miles. 

200 yards. 

yi mile. 

yi mile. 
lyi mile§. 

yi mile. 

4. 43 meters. 
yi mile. 
yi mile. 



52 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 



A/orAj. ^Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 6 

inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 

References. — o / // 

" No Road ' ' (S 14° 43' E) o 00 00 ^ mile. 

North chimney of house 58 28 y4 mile. 

Nail in blaze in dead pine tree (30 inches 

diameter) 201 30 10 6. 66 meters. 

Chimney of house 215 40 yi mile. 

Chimney of house 223 53 }^ mile. 

East chimney of house 273 48 }4 mile. 

West chimney of house 300 02 300 yards. 

NO ROAD. 

General locality. — Eastern shore of upper Grays Inn Creek about iX miles northwest of Chester River 
at south side of entrance to Herringtown Creek, near Strong old wharf. (See Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on a clay and sand beach on a wooded shore about i foot 
above high water, 5 yards east of shore, and 17 yards east of end of piles of an old wharf. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 6 
inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 

References. — ° 

"Cut" (S 12° 04' E) o 

Left tangent of piles of Strong old wharf. ... 87 

South chimney of house 100 

Stack of Leary sawmill 148 

Wicks windmill 153 

East chimney of house 157 

East gable of bam 168 

Nail in blaze in pine tree (18 inches diam- 
eter) 199 25 50 

Nail in blaze in gum tree (18 inches diam- 
eter) 316 



00 00 % mile. 

10 100 yards. 



57 



X mile. 

I mile. 

2% miles. 

1% miles. 

^4 mile. 

24. 75 meters. 
8. 16 meters. 



CUT. 



General locality. — Eastern shore of upper Grays Inn Creek, on point about i}i miles northwest of 
Chester River, and one-half mile south of Herrington Creek. (See Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on marsh land below high water, about 13 yards north of 
shore, 60 yards northwest of three large cedar trees, 35 yards southwest of a wire fence at edge of woods, 
and in center of triangle formed by three pine stubs driven flush with marsh to support theodolite. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 5 inches 
above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe biu"ied with top 2 inches below 
base of monument. 

References. — o / // 

" No road" (N 12° 04' W) o 00 00 }i mWt. 

Nail in blaze in pine tree (6 inches diame- 
ter) 67 32 10 22.31 meters. 

Nail in blaze in cedar tree (12 inches diame- 
ter) 97 06 10 28.19 meters. 

West gable of bam 145 52 4 miles. 

Left tangent of piles of Harris old wharf ... . 164 09 fi mile. 

East chimney of Harris house 171 22 f^ mile. 

East gable of bam 299 34 K mile. 

North chimney of house 304 41 X mile. 

South gable of house 341 41 iX miles. 

Left tangent of piles of Strong old wharf 348 25 % mile. 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 



53 



FORE. 



yi mile. 
1% miles. 
1% miles, 
loo yards. 

3-8 mile. 

;'4^ mile. 
4^4 miles. 
33-8 miles. 

yi mile. 

yi mile. 

M mile. 



General locality. — Eastern shore of Grays Inn Creek, on point about i mile nortliwcst of Chester 
River, and three-eighths mile north of Harris Wharf. (See Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on a marsh point, about i foot above high water, 3 yards nortli- 
west of shore, 11 yards north-northeast of extreme end of point, and in center of triangle formed by three 
pine stubs driven flush with marsh to support theodolite. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 12 
inches above surface of marsh. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 

References. — ° 

"Lucy " (S 36° 11' W) o 

North chimney of house 78 

East gable of small house 80 

Swamp oak tree (2 feet diameter) 131 

Southwest comer of Strong tenant house. . . . 234 

Lone s>'camore tree (12 inches diameter) .... 274 

West gable of barn on Grove Creek 278 

North gable of barn with two cupolas 287 

Chimney of Harris tenant house 319 

Left tangent of piles of Harris old wharf 321 

East gable of Harris barn 328 

ISLAND. 

General locality. — Eastern shore of Grays Inn Creek, about five-eighths mile northwest of Chester 
River, on Island Point opposite Harris Wharf. (See Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on marsh land, about i foot above high water, 3 yards north- 
cast of shore, and 400 yards west of a house. Cement monument marking reference station is 9.01 meters 
N 43° 38' E of observed station. 

Marks. — Observed station is center of 2-inch tile pipe, with top flush with surface of ground. Sub- 
surface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches below base of surface pipe. Reference 
station is center, point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 6 inches above surface of 
ground. 

References. — o / // 

"Tray"(S36°22'E) o 

Left tangent of woods on Hail Point 33 

Lone poplar tree 65 

East gable of Harris house 68 

East gable of Harris barn 73 

Right tangent of piles of old wharf 93 

Chimney of small house 153 

East chimney of house 171 

East gable of Strong tenant house 197 

Reference station 259 

Chimney of Strong old distillery 308 

Lone cedar tree near shore 354 



13 



5° 



;; 8 mile. 
$yi miles. 

yi mile. 

yi mile. 

X mile. 

yi mile. 
iX miles. 

^'i mile. 

■4 mile. 
y.oi meters. 

,'4 mile. 
300 yards. 



TRAY. 

General locality. — Eastern shore of Grays Inn Creek, about one-fourth mile ii(.>rthwest oi Chester 
River, three-eighths mile southeast of Island Point, and one-half mile cast of Harris Wliarf. (See Chart 
No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on a marsh point, about i foot above high water, 4 yards 
northeast of shore, 10 yards southwest of a small locust stump at foot of bank, and 12 yards southwest of 
foot of slope. Cement monument marking reference station is 8.86 meters N 53" 42' R of observed 
station. 



54 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 



Marks. — Observed station is center of 2-inch tile pipe, with top flush with surface of ground. Sub- 
surface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches below base of surface pipe. Reference 
station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 7 inches above surface of 
ground . 

References. — o / // 

" Island" (N 36° 21' W) o 00 00 3/^ mile. 

Reference station 90 02 50 8.86 meters. 

Nail in blaze in locust tree (4 inches diame- 
ter) 90 28 40 10.60 meters. 

Nail in blaze in persimmon tree (6 inches 

diameter) 129 25 10 9.75 meters. 

Right tangent of woods on Hail Point 217 29 5 miles. 

Northeast comer of barn 239 43 i mile. 

East gable of Harris house 287 44 }i mile. 

Chimney of Harris tenant house 304 05 ^ mile. 

North gable of house near shore 312 02 ^ mile. 

North gable of barn 338 10 ij 2 miles. 

South chimney of house 354 21 ij^' miles. 

INN. 

General locality. — Eastern shore of Grays Inn Creek, about one-eighth mile northwest of Chester 
River and one-half mile southeast of Island Point. (See Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is in a peach orchard, about 4 feet above high water, and 25 
yards northeast of shore . 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 3 

inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 3 inches 
below base of monument. 

References. — ° ' " 

"HoltonPoint " (S 72° 50' E) o 00 00 2S smiles. 

Nail in blaze in sycamore tree (30 inches 

diameter) 13 24 30 4. 53 meters. 

North cupola on barn 38 57 2j4 miles. 

Left tangent of woods on Hail Point 74 54 4X miles. 

East gable of Swatska barn loi 19 iX miles. 

East chimney of house ■. 119 02 yi mile. 

East gable of Harris house 150 53 i/i mile. 

East gable of small house 175 15 f^ mile. 

Nail in blaze in peach tree (8 inches diame- 
ter) 252 41 50 II. 71 meters. 

Southwest comer of Earle bathhouse 359 28 3 miles. 

HOLTON POINT. 



General locality. — Eastern shore of Chester River on Holton Point, at south side of entrance to Corsica 
River. (See Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on low sand beach, about on level with high water, and one- 
fourth mile west of small bathhouse. Cement monument marking reference station is 5.40 meters 
S 48° 06' E of observed station. 

Marks. — Observed station is nail in 3-inch cement-filled tile pipe, with top about 6 inches below 
surface of ground, encased in a cement cake bearing the legend "U. S. C. S. 1896." Reference station 
is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 5 inches above surface of ground. 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 55 

References. — o / // 

"Bay Bush Point" (S 64° 15' W) o 00 00 2>^ miles. 

East chimney of house 19 49 3 miles. 

Chimney of small house 27 23 3 miles. 

East gable of bam 38 39 3^^ miles. 

East gable of small house 57 08 2X miles. 

South gable of bam 67 37 similes. 

South gable of house 80 09 2yst miles. 

East chimney of house 94 17 i}4 miles. 

West chimney of house 130 52 2 miles. 

South gable of corn crib 157 14 ^ mile. 

West gable of bam 184 04 i mile. 

Reference station 247 38 20 5.40 meters. 

Nail in blaze in persimmon tree (4 inches 

diameter) 321 38 00 28.35 meters. 

North gable of bam 329 38 2^ miles. 

North gable of bam 343 06 4^ miles. 

East gable of bam 357 02 4X miles. 

EARLE. 

General locality. — Southern shore of Corsica River on To\vn Bar Point about one-half mile east of 
Chester River and 100 yards north of Earle Wharf. (See Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on marsh land about i foot above high water, 5 yards south 
of shore, ig yards north of a pond, and 100 yards north of Earle Wliarf. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monumonl ijrojccting 3 
inches above surface of groimd. Suljsurfuce mark is center of 3-inch tile pipe buried with to]) 2 inches 
below base of monument. 

References. — ■ o / // 

"Hydrographic" (S 64° 38' E) o 00 00 ,'2 mile. 

Lone sycamore tree 10 43 3^ mile. 

East chimney of house 18 56 J/2 mile. 

Southeast pile at end of Earle Wharf. ....... 48 59 100 yards. 

Nail in blaze in locust tree (5 inches diam- 
eter) 63 18 00 12.92 meters. 

Nail in blaze in locust tree (3 inches diam- 
eter) 87 58 50 . . . . . . IT. 07 meters. 

Earle windmill 118 07 300 yards. 

East gable of bam 165 21 35 s miles. 

East gable of small house 179 26 2^ miles. 

Church steeple at Crosby 196 20 3^^ miles. 

South gable of Brown house 209 09 2!^' miles. 

West chimney of Sissel house 244 53 i,s mile. 

South gable of Emory bam 298 08 ;'-i mile. 

West chimney of house 338 10 i^s miles. 

HYDROGRAPHIC. 

General locality. — Southern shore of Corsica River about i',^ miles east of Chester River and one- 
half mile east of Earle Wharf. (See Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is near edge of cultivated field about 3 feet above high water, 
20 yards south of shore, 4 yards south of edge of bank 3 feet high, and 400 yards nortli of lone .sycamore 
tree. 



56' 



Survey nj Oystrr Bav:, Krni County, Md, 



Marks. — Observed slatioii is center i)oint of triangle on standard cement moniiinent projecting 5 

inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 

References. — o / // 

"Earle" (N 64° 37' W) o 00 00 fi mile. 

Church steeple at Crosby 14 03 4^ miles. 

East gable of bam 19 13 ^y^ miles. 

South gable of Sissel bam 33 12 J^ mile. 

South gable of Emory bam 73 18 f^ mile. 

Southwest comer of Emory Wliarf house. .. . 75 44 i^ mile. 

West gable of bam 114 51 i/^ mile. 

West gable of bam 135 37 1^ miles. 

West chimney of house 148 56 1% miles. 

East chimney of house 231 23 |4^ mile. 

Nail in blaze in apple tree (12 inches diam- 
eter) 327 14 30 16.00 meters. 

Southeast comer of Earle WTiarf house 354 51 yi mile. 

RUTH. 

General locality. — Southern shore of Corsica River about i'-< miles east of Chester River and one- 
eighth mile northwest of entrance to Tilghmans Cove. (See Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is in cultivated field about 15 feet above high water. 10 yards 
south of shore, 2 yards west of edge of slope, and 6 yards south of edge of slope. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 3 

inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 

References. — o / // 

"Hydrographic" (N 82° 13' W) o 00 00 simile. 

East chimney of Earle tenant house o 11 i mile. 

South gable of Sissel bam 36 30 i mile. 

Southeast comer of Emory Wharf house .... 54 13 ^ mile. 

South gable of Emory bam 60 05 J^ mile. 

Chinmey of Emory house 64 17 }/i mile. 

East post of front porch of house : . 109 34 J^ mile. 

Nail in blaze in oak tree (24 inches diameter) 119 49 10 9.98 meters. 

Nail in blaze in cedar tree (6 inches diam- 
eter) 223 53 20 14.30 meters. 

East gable of small bam 308 56 '/i mile. 

Lone sycamore tree 319 36 ^ mile. 

MELFIELD. 



General locality. — Southern shore of Corsica River about I's miles east of Chester River, i mile 
southeast of Emory Wharf, and one-eighth mile cast of entrance to Tilghmans Cove. (See Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is in cultivated field about 18 feet above high water, 10 
yards south of .shore, 5 yards south of edge of bluff, and 10 yards west of a ravine. 

.1/orfe.f.^Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 4 
inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 



Survey oj (Jysirr Bars, Kent Cnunly, Md. 



57 



References. — 

"Ruth " (N 71° 32' W) o 

East gable of bam 11 

Left tangent of Emorj- Wharf 29 

East chimney of Emor>- hou^e 38 

Southwest corner of house 74 

Cupola on Emory Wharf house 96 

Nail in blaze in walnut tree (8 inches diam- 
eter) iig 

Nail in blaze in gum tree (7 inches diameter) 179 

West gable of bam 195 

Nai! in blaze in locust tree (6 inches diam- 
eter) 336 

South chimney of Earle house 350 

BATH. 



;"'-s mile. 

5 miles. 
Js mile. 

I mile. 
yt mile. 
iVg miles. ' 

3.81 meters. 

16.18 meters. 

3 s mile. 

13.85 meters. 
li s miles. 



General locality. — Southern shore of Corsica River on Wash Point about 2 miles east of Chester 
River, one-half mile west of Roclo.- Point, and one-fourth mile southeast of Ship Point. (See Chart 
No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on a marsh point about i foot above high water, 15 yards 
cast of shore, 13 yards west of a pond, and surrounded by dense growth of bushes. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 8 
inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 

References. — ° 

"Melfield" (S 30° 54' W) o 

Left tangent of peak of bam 24 

Earle windmill S3 

Left edge of Earle Wharf house 56 

East chimney of house 86 

South chimney of house 120 

West chimney of house 217 12 

North one of two cedar trees on hill 267 01 

Nail in blaze in hackberry tree (12 inches 

diameter) 326 23 50 

Nail in blaze in pear tree (15 inches diam- 
eter) 345 " 5° 



55 



% mile. 

I mile. 

lyi miles. 

iK miles. 

I mile. 

Vs mile. 

^ mile. 

y^ mile. 

^.06 meters. 



6.79 meters. 



SHIP. 



General locality. — Northern shore of Corsica River on Ship Point at west side of entrance to Emorys 
Creek, about i]/i miles east of Chester River, and five-eighths mile east of Emor)' Wharf. (Sec Chart 
No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on a marsh point co\'ere<l with bushes about 1 foot above 
high water, 6 yards west of shore, and 75 yards south of a cedar tree covered with grape vines. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 3 
inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 



Stirvey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 



References. — ° ' 

" Ruth " (S 39° ii' W) o oo 

North gable of bam 3 22 

Earle windmill 40 59 

Left edge of Earle Wharf house 43 35 

East gable of bam 128 34 

Nail in blaze in cedar tree (7 inches diam- 
eter) 144 33 

West gable of barn 217 05 

West chimney of house 220 00 

North chimney of house 229 59 

West chimney of house 251 20 

ENGINEER. 



^ mile. 

i/^ mile. 
lyi miles. 
1J4 miles. 

}i mile. 

.52 meters. 
I ,'4 miles. 
1% miles. 
lyi miles. 
X mile. 



General locality. — Nortliern shore of Corsica River about i mile east of Chester River, five-eighths 
mile northeast of Earle Wharf, and 50 yards west of Emory Wharf. (See Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on marshland about i foot above high water, 12 yards 
north of shore, 50 yards west of Emorj- Wharf, and 50 yards southeast of a pond. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 
4 inches above surface of ground. Subsiu^ace mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 
inches below base of monument. 

References. — ° ' " 

" Riitli " (S 29° 36' E) o 00 00 . . . 

East chimney of house 29 31 

Nail in blaze in pear tree (6 inches diameter) 70 38 40 . . . 

Earle windmill 90 13 

Lone cedar tree 165 42 

vSouth gable of Emory bam 219 59 

East chimney of Emory house 257 47 

West chimney of house 317 59 

Northeast corner of Emory Wharf house ... . 321 35 



% mile. 

"^8 mile. 

99.9s feet. 

>^ mile. 

125 yards. 

300 yards. 

250 yards. 

iH miles. 

156.94 feet. 



SWEPSON. 



General locality. — Northern shore of Corsica River opposite Town Bar Point about one-half mile 
east of Chester River, three-eighths mile north of Earle WTiarf . and three-eighths mile west of Emory 
Wharf. (See Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on m-vshland about i foot above high water, 12 yards 
north of shore, 10 yards south of lone cedar tree, and 12 yards east of small ditch draining swamp. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 6 
inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 

References. — ° 

" Hydrographic " (832° 06' E) o 

East chimney of house 

Chimney of house 44 

Karle windmill 71 

Nail in blaze in cedar tree (15 inches diame- 
ter) 230 

South gable of Emor>' bam 282 

West gable of bam 332 

North chimney of small house 355 

Chinuicy of small house . 357 



30 



:'■ g mile, 
f:,' mile. 
i/i mile. 
>2 mile. 

9.50 meters. 
X mile. 
:3< miles. 
I 'i miles. 
J '2 miles. 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Add. 



59 



CORSICA. 

General locality. — Eastern shore of Chester River at north side of entrance to Corsica River about 
three-eighths mile south of Lower Spaniard Point. (See Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is in a cultivated field about 7 feet above high water, i6 
yards east of shore, 11 yards east of edge of bank, and 5 yards south of young peach orchard. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 7 
inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2 -inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 

References. — o / // 

"Swepson" (S 54° 31' E) o 00 00 ',mile. 

North chimney of house 19 17 iH miles. 

Earle windmill 52 39 ?-4 mile. 

Northwest comer of Earle bathhouse 54 01 .K mile. 

Left tangent of woods on Gordon Point 93 59 aj^ miles. 

Chimney of small house 145 49 3M miles. 

South gable of bam 1S7 43 2,'/^ miles. 

West gable of Sissel corn crib 318 25 yi mile. 

Locust tree (24 inches diameter) 359 07 150 yards. 

DEEP COVE. 

General locality. — Western shore of Chester River on point at west side of entrance to Langford 
Creek and south side of entrance to Deep Cove. (See Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on marshland about i foot above high water, 10 yards 
inshore, 50 yards east of a dead tree 2 feet in diameter, 80 yards southeast of a tall poplar tree, and 300 
yards east of a house. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 4 
inches above surface of groiuid. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with toj) 2 inches 
below base of monument. 

References. — o / // 

"Gordon" (S 6° 44' E) o 00 00 2^ miles. 

East pine tree of group on Piney Point 5 25 3>2 miles. 

Spindle on gable of bam 47 08 lyi miles. 

Lone poplar tree 59 20 V.' mile. 

Northeast corner of Ashley house 87 57 300 yards. 

Southeast corner of fishing shack 124 34 200 yards. 

Lone pine tree 136 01 ]4 mile. 

South gable of house 193 59 _ zV^ miles. 

West chimney of house 200 47 i>1i miles. 

W'est gable of bam 243 30 i mile. 

North chimney of house at Cliffs Landing. . 256 16 2 miles. 

North gable of bam 288 41 . 2M miles. 

Southwest comer of Earle bathhouse 307 oy 2-ys miles. 

North gable of bara 355 07 2% miles. 

SNUB. 



General locality. — Western shore of Langford Creek on prominent point about three-eighths mile 
north of Chester River between Deep Cove and Long Cove (.See Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on a low sand point about 2 feet above high water, 8 yards 
west of shore, and 75 yards north of cedar trees on shore. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement niouuiiiLiit projecting 4 
inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-incli tile )>ipe l>uricd with top j inches 
below base of monument. 



6o 



Survey nj Oyster Bars, Ke.nl Coiuily, Md. 



Rejerence!:. — ° ' 

" Dec-]) Cove " (S 5° 21' W) o 00 

I.one pine tree 11 37 

Lone poplar tree (18 inches diameter) 140 34 

East chimney of house 160 56 

West chimney of house 174 57 

West chimney of house 193 06 

South chimney of house 212 17 

West chimney of house 228 09 

South chimney of Brown house 249 07 

West gable of house 267 36 

Left edge of Earle bathhouse 305 40 

West gable of bam on Reeds Creek 334 41 

LAWYER. 



J^ mile. 

75 yards. 

300 yards. 

I mile. 

I mile. 

y^ mile. 

2j^ miles. 

1}/% miles. 

iH miles. 

4 miles. 

lYi miles. 

4 miles. 



General locality. — Western shore of Langford Creek on Long Point about i mile north of Chester 
River between Long Cove and Lawyers Cove. (See Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality .^Ohserved station is on a low sand point about i foot above high water, 8 yards 
west of extreme east end of point, and 30 yards east of group of pine trees. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument proiecting.5 
inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monament. 

References. — ° ' " 

"Peach" (S 41° 41' E) o 00 00 . . 

East gable of barn 20 38 

Southeast chimney of Strong house 84 03 

Nail in blaze in twin pine tree (18 inches 

diameter) ... 121 07 20 . . . 

Nail in blaze in pine tree (12 inches diame- 
ter) 134 41 50 ... 

South chimney of house 141 ^j, 

East chimney of house 170 21 

East chimney of house 194 05 

West chimney of house 242 39 

West chinmey of Brown house 323 45 

DRUM. 



i'i mile. 

3>^ miles. 

!< mile. 

26.76 meters. 

26.07 meters. 
^4. mile. 
^ mile. 
X mile. 
X mile. 
]/i mile. 



General locality. — Western shore of Langford Creek on Drum Point about 1% miles north of Chester 
River, between Lawyers Cove and Davis Creek. (See Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is in a marsh meadow, about 2 feet above high water, 13 
yards north of shore, 15 yards south of shore, and 13 yards west of extreme end of point. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 5 
inches above surface of ground. vSubsurface m;u-k is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 

References. — o / // 

"Major" (vS 54° 41' E) .' o 

West gable of Brown house 9 

Left tangent of woods on Hail Point 65 

East chimney of Ashley house 88 

East gable of house 171 

Chimney of small house 215 

South gable of bam 249 

West chimney of house 271 

West chimney of house 305 



18 



f-g mile. 

fi mile. 
6 miles. 
iX miles. 

}^ mile. 

}4 mile. 
i?-^ miles. 
!■■ g miles. 

H mile. 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 



6i 



i/i mile. 
16.50 meters. 

I mile. 

1% miles. 

lyi miles. 

I mile. 
10.46 meters. 

i>s miles. 

6 miles. 



DAVIS. 

General locality. — Western shore of Langford Creek on point about lyi miles north of Chester River, 
one-eighth mile northeast of entrance to Davis Creek, five-eighths mile north of Drum Point, and 
nearly opposite Orchard Point. (See Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is in a cultivated field about 10 feet above high water. 20 
yards northwest of shore, and 10 yards northwest of top of bank. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 4 
inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 

References. — ° ' " 

"Drum" (S 1° 07' E) o 00 00 . . . 

Nail in blaze in oak tree (4 inches diameter). 21 47 30 . . . 

Chimney of small house 207 06 

South gable of barn 234 11 

West chimney of house 267 34 

West chimney of house 294 35 

Nail in blaze in oak tree (15 inches diameter). 324 22 lo . . . 

Chimney of house 337 30 

North gable of house on Reeds Creek 357 28 

ISLE. 

General locality. — Western shore of West Fork of Langford Creek, on Island Point, about one-fourth 
mile north of main body of creek and three-eighths mile northwest of Cacaway Island. (See Chart 
No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on a low sand point about i foot above high water, 5 yards 
south of shore, 8 yards north of shore, 50 yards west of extreme end of point, and 20 yards east of foot 
of wooded bluff 15 feet high. Cement monument marking reference station is 5.55 meters S 79° 32' 
W of observed station. 

Marks. — Observed station is center of 2-inch tile pipe projecting 3 inches above surface of ground. 
Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches below base of surface pipe. Ref- 
erence station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 4 inches above sur- 
face of ground. 

References. — o / // 

"Eagle" (N 43° 25' W) o 00 00... 

South gable of Leary corncrib i 41 

West chimney of house 47 i* 

Chimney of small house 75 51 

North chimney of house 142 13 

North gable of bam 153 58 

Lone cedar tree on Drum Point 234 51 

Reference station 302 57 00 . . . 

South chimney of house 355 56 



]4 mile. 
1% miles. 
iX miles. 
% mile. 
1% miles. 
I mile. 
I mile. 
5.55 meters. 
i}i miles. 



EAGLE. 

General locality. — Western shore of West Fork of Langford Creek, on Eagle Point at south side of 
entrance to Graveyard Cove, about three-fourths mile northwest of main body of Langford Creek. (See 
Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on prominent bluff about 20 feet above high water, 26 
yards west of extreme end of point, 11 yards south of top of bank, 8 yards north of top of bank, and 
2 yards north of small cedar tree. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 
4 inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 



62 Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 

References. — o / // 

"Homor" (N 84° 09' E) o 00 00 y^mWa. 

Left tangent of Cacaway Island 42 07 % mile. 

Nail in blaze in stump near top of bank .... 85 52 40 9.96 meters. 

North chimney of house 131 49 i mile. 

Lone oak tree (12 inches diameter) 153 29 % m\\it. 

Nail in blaze in stump (15 inches diameter). 202 06 10 4.54 meters. 

East chimney of De Ford house 216 44 yi mile. 

South chimney of house 224 39 J^' mile. 

Lone cedar tree 268 44 J^ mile. 

Chimney of small house 280 49 i>^ miles. 

FORD. 

Genvral locality. — Western shore of West Fork of Langford Creek about i mile northwest of main 
body of Langford Creek, three-eighths mile northwest of Ragle Point, and one-half mile south of 
Whale Point. (See Chart No. 30.) 

immediate locality. — Observed station is in garden about 20 feet above high water, 9 yards south- 
west of shore, 7 yards southwest of top of bank, and 80 yards southeast of a house. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 

4 inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 
inches below base of monument. 

References. — 

"Kinsley" (N 21° 24' W) o 00 00 X 'ni'<=- 

Nail in blaze in cherry tree (12 inches diam- 
eter) 18 56 20 10.76 meters. 

Lone cedar tree 5° °i X ™'le. 

South gable of old bam 71 i5 ' ™'l^- 

Nail in blaze in cedar tree (8 inches diam- 
eter) 136 05 20 6.23 meters. 

Twin oak tree on Eagle Point 148 51 X mile. 

East gable of De Ford house 311 47 80 yards. 

Walnut tree (12 inches diameter) 324 13 50 yards. 

KINSLEY. 

General locality.— ySIestem shore of West Fork of Langford Creek on Pastor Point about i}4 miles 
northwest of main body of Langford Creek and one-fourth mile south of Whale Point. (See Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality.— Observed station is about 2 feet above high water, 6 yards west of shore, 200 
yards north of a wharf, and at foot of slope rising to an elevation of 10 feet. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 

5 inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 

References. — 

"Whale" (N 3° 10' E) o 00 00 yi mUe. 

Chimney of house 22 01 i>< miles. 

Lone cedar tree 63 18 H mile. 

South gable of barn 71 35 J^ mile. 

West chimney of De Ford house 168 05 >i' mile. 

End of Kinsley wharf 178 58 200 yards. 

Nail in blaze in wild-cherry tree (12 inches 

diameter) 195 .S' 10 4.oi meters. 

Nail in blaze in twin stump 242 42 30 2.57 meters. 

North chimney of Leary house 329 45 >i mile. 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 63 

WHALE. 

General locality. — Western shore of West Fork of Langford Creek, on Whale Point, at south side of 
entrance to Bungay Creek, about iK miles northwest of main body of Langford Creek, and three- 
eighths mile southwest of Vickers Wharf. (See Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on a marsh point about 2 feet above high water, 6 yards south- 
west of shore, and 300 yards northeast of a hou.sc. Cement monument marking reference station is 
8.75 meters S 35° 27' W of observed station. 

Marks. — Observed station is center of 2-inch tile pipe projecting 3 inches above surface of ground. 
Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches below base of surface pipe. Refer- 
ence station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 4 inches above surface 
of ground. 

References. — o / // 

"Nat" (S 76° 46' E) o 00 00 J smile. 

Left tangent of Eagle Point 46 25 i^ mile. 

West chimney of De Ford house 73 51 ^s mile. 

Nail in blaze in cedar tree (6 inches diam- 
eter) 82 53 50 7.20 meters. 

Reference station 112 12 10 8.75 meters. 

Nail in blaze in cedar tree (12 inches diam- 
eter) 130 49 20 13.55 meters. 

North chimney of house 307 45 %■ mile. 

Left tangent of piles of Vickers Wharf 307 54 X mile. 

West chimney of house 354 11 f^ mile. 

BUNGAY. 

General locality. — Western shore of West Fork of Langford Creek, on point at north side of entrance 
to Bixngay Creek, about i^A miles northwest of main body of Langford Creek and one-fourth mile west 
of Vickers Wharf. (See Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on a low sand point at north side of entrance to Bungay 
Creek, about i foot above high water, and 16 yards west of extreme end of point. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 
3 inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 
inches below base of monument. 

References. — o / // 

"Nat" (S 28° 21' E) o 00 00 X mile. 

Left edge of bank on Eagle Point 7 25 ]4 mile. 

West gable of bam 38 01 \4 mile. 

North chimney of Kinsley house 45 08 3^ mile. 

North chimney of Leary house 58 02 % mile. 

North gable of house 60 26 J-< mile. 

South gable of house 205 43 i^ miles. 

South gable of barn 238 01 % mile. 

North chimney of house 268 18 J/^ mile. 

West chimney of house 292 48 i-^ mile. 

Lone cedar tree (12 inches diameter) 344 58 % mile. . 

LOCUST. 

General locality. — Eastern shore of West Fork of Langford Creek, near Vickers W'harf, about i|4 
miles northwest of main body of Langford Creek. (See Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is in a cultivated field about 2 feet above high water, 5 yards 
southeast of shore, and immediately back of loading platform on Vickers Wharf. 

Marks. — Observed station is nail in root of a leaning locust tree 12 inches in diameter. 
References. — 

Drift pin in top of pile head at southeast end of Vickers Wharf 5.78 meters. 

Drift pin in top of pile head at northwest end of Vickers Wharf 7.78 meters. 



64 Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 

NAT. 

General locality. — Eastern shore of West Fork of Langford Creek, opposite Whale Point, about 
i^A. miles northwest of main body of Langford Creek and one-fourth mile south of Vickers Wharf. (See 
Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on a marsh point about 2 feet above high water, 7 yards 
souUi of shore, 8 yards north of shore, 25 yards east of extreme end of point, and in center of triangle 
formed by three pine stubs driven flush with marsh to support theodolite. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 
3 inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 3 
inches below base of monument. 

References. — o / // 

"Mill" (S 29° 19' E) o 00 00 J-^ mile. 

Left tangent of Eagle Point 10 49 i/i mile. 

West gable of house 31 29 i}4 miles. 

Left edge of De Ford kitchen 48 38 yi mile. 

North chimney of house 71 35 Ji mile. 

North gable of bam 75 40 J^ mile. 

East gable of bam 134 57 yi mile. 

Chimney of house 227 58 J^ mile. 

Persimmon tree (3 inches diameter) 266 01 70 yards. 

South gable of bam 302 15 3/g mile. 

MILL. 

General locality. — Eastern shore of West Fork of Langford Creek, on point at west side of a small 
cove about I'i" miles northwest of main body of Langford Creek and three-eighths mile south of Vickers 
Wharf. (See Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on a marsh point about 2 feet above high water, 6 yards 
west of shore, 7 yards east of shore, 15 yards northwest of extreme end of point, and in center of triangle 
formed by three pine stubs driven flush with marsh to support theodolite. Cement monument mark- 
ing reference station is 9.48 meters N 2° 57' E of observed station. 

Marks. — Observed station is center of 2-inch tile pipe projecting 6 inches above surface of ground. 
Subsurface mark is center of 2 -inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches below base of surface pipe. Refer- 
ence station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 4 inches above surface 
of ground. 

References. — o / // 

"Ford" (S 32° 51' W) o 00 00 >-8 mile. 

East chimney of De Ford house 9 46 yi mile. 

South chimney of house 38 14 Ji mile. 

North chimney of house 72 11 yi mile. 

South chimney of house 142 59 2 miles. 

Reference STATION 150 06 20 9.48 meters. 

Lone cedar tree 163 32 300 yards. 

South gable of bam 213 24 ^ mile. 

Chimney of house 343 48 |^ mile. 

WEST. 

General locality. — Eastern shore of West Fork of Langford Creek, on Cedar Point, at west side of 
entrance to Long Cove, about seven-eighths mile north of main body of Langford Creek. (See Chart 
No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on marsh land about i foot above high water, 5 yards west 
of shore, 8 yards east of shore, and 25 yards northwest of extreme end of point. Cement monument 
marking reference station is 21.85 meters N 27° 40' E of observed station. 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Aid. 



65 



Marks. — Observed station is center of 2-inch tile pipe projecting 3 inches above surface of ground. 
Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches below base of surface pipe. Refer- 
ence station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 4 inches above surface 
of ground. 

References. — o / // 

"Mill" (N 53° 43' W) o 00 00 . . . 

Nail in blaze in cherrj- tree (6 inches diam- 
eter) 77 22 30 . . . 

Reference station 81 22 30 . . . 

Nail inblazeinoaktree(i2inchesdiameter). 93 38 40 . . . 

Twin oak tree on Eagle Point 267 17 

Chimney of house 282 45 

East chimney of De Ford house 3L5 37 

South chimney of house 330 57 

North chimney of house 348 50 

HORNOR. 



J-^ mile. 

15.45 meters. 
21.85 meters. 
26.24 meters. 

X mile. 

^ mile. 

K mile. 

f^ mile. 

iJi' miles. 



General locality. — Eastern shore of West Fork of Langford Creek on point between Long Cove and 
Homors Cove about three-fourths mile north of main body of Langford Creek. (See Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate Iffcality. — Observed station is in a marsh meadow about i foot above high water, 15 yards 
northeast of shore, and 30 yards south of fringe of woods parallel with shore. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 6 
inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with to]3 2 inches 
below base of monument. 

References. — o / // . 

"Eagle " (S 84° 10' W) o 00 00 X mile. 

West chimney of De Ford House 20 40 ^ mile. 

South chimney of house 29 03 iX miles. 

North chimney of house 40 41 iX miles. 

Left edge of small house 242 40 i mile. 

Right tangent of Cacaway Island 261 55 % mile. 

Chimney of house 353 56 ^ mile. 

KING. 

General locality. — On point between East Fork and West Fork of Langford Creek about 150 yards 
north of Cacaway Island. (See Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on a point about 14 feet high at edge of cultivated field, 3 
yards northwest of edge of bank, 3 yards east of edge of bank at gully, and 8 yards east-northeast of 
point of bank. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 6 
inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 

References. — o / // 

"Ash "(N 44° 53' E) o 00 00 >i mile. 

Left peak of large house 55 52 iX miles. 

Nail in blaze in oak tree (8 inches diameter) . 70 26 6.25 meters. 

Left chimney of house 113 18 3 miles. 

Nail in blaze in tree (4 inches diameter) .... 163 48 10 8.27 meters. 

Right peak of bam 174 35 2 miles. 

Nail in blaze in tree (4 inches diameter) . . . 246 34 20 7.49 meters. 

Left chimney on mansion house 259 16 

Chimney of house among trees 295 12 

14126 — 12 5 



66 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 



ASH. 

General locality. — Western shore of East Fork of Langford Creek about one-half mile north of main 

body of Langford Creek and one-eighth mile northeast of north end of Cacaway Island. (See Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is in cultivated land about 10 feet above high water, 35 yards 

northwest of shore, 14 yards northwest of edge of low bank, 20 yards northwest of line of trees along shore, 

and 36 yards south-southwest of point of trees. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 6 
inches above surface of ground. Subsiulace mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 

References. — o / // 

"Noth" (S 81° 49' E) o 00 00 yi mile. 

Left peak of long bam g 25 i^-i miles. 

Nail in blaze in oak tree (14 inches diameter) 13 43 10 19.55 meters. 

Nail in blaze in oak tree (14 inches diameter) 69 49 10 27.87 meters. 

Left peak of house 128 38 i mile. 

Chimney of small house 183 37 1% miles. 

Near peak of large house 196 17 lyi miles. 

Left chimney of large mansion 200 11 i^ miles. 

Nail in blaze in oak tree (5 inches diameter). 324 03 50 21.37 meters. 

NOTH. 

General locality.— Western shore of East Fork of Langford Creek on point opposite Kings Creek about 
three-foiuths mile northeast of main body of Langford Creek and one-half mile east of north end of 
Cacaway Island. (See Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is in cultivated land about 3 feet above high water, 6 yards 
west of shore, 23 yards northeast of shore, and 40 yards north of extreme end of point. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 6 
inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 
References. — 

"Leary" (N 36° 47' E) o 

Southwest peak of large bam 24 

Nail in blaze of oak tree (8 inches diameter) . 53 

Left chimney of Stoop store 74 

Left peak of Stoop long bam 77 

Near peak of bam 125 

Nail in blaze in locust tree (3 inches diam- 
eter) 141 

Chimney of house 174 

Chimney of house 200 

Nail in blaze in locust tree (5 inches diam- 
eter) 354 



18 



40 



35 



% mile. 
y-i mile. 
3.95 meters. 
3/^ mile. 
^i mile. 
54 mile. 

4.91 meters. 
l,i mile. 
3 miles. 

8. 1 1 meters. 



LEARY. 



General locality. — Western shore of East Fork of Langford Creek about i mile northeast of main body 
of Langford Creek and three-eighths mile north of Haw Bush Point. (See Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on a marsh point near Lear}''s old wharf, about i foot above 
high water, 6 yards west of shore, 10 yards northeast of shore, and 10 yards north of extreme end of point. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 4 
inches above surface of ground. Subsiu-face mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below b;usc of monument. 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 



67 



References. — 

"Nest" (N 33° 43' E) o 

North chimney of house 38 

House among trees IS° 

Chimney of house 179 

Chimney of house 194 

Nail in blaze in cedar tree (14 inches diam- 
eter) 255 

Nail in blaze in locust tree (6 inches diam- 
eter) 280 

Nail in blaze in locust tree (7 inches diam- 
eter) 298 

NEST. 



3^ mile. 
'» mile. 
S'i mile. 
yi mile. 
2^s miles. 

17.45 meters. 

15.75 meters. 

15.80 meters. 



General locality. — Western shore of East Fork of Langford Creek on point about ij-g miles northeast 
of main body of Langford Creek and five-eighths mile southwest of entrance to Philips Creek. (See 
Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is in a pasture about 10 feet above high water, 11 yards north 
of edge of bank, 12 yards west of edge of bank, 16 yards west-northwest of point of bank, and 125 yards 
south of clump of trees. 

Morfe,r.— Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 5 
inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 
References. — 

"Woll" (N 18° 22' E) o 00 00... 

Large chimney of house 4 41 

Near large chimney of house 62 00 

Nail in blaze in hickor}- stump (4 inches 

diameter) 115 06 10 . . . 

Chimney of small house 166 21 

Chimney of rambling house 194 49 

Nail in blaze in locust tree (4 inches diam- 
eter) 212 15 

Large tree in small clump 275 24 

Nail in blaze in oak tree (20 inches diam- 
eter) 334 44 00 ■ ■ ■ 

East peak of shed 346 12 

WOLL. 

General locality.— Vfestem shore of East Fork of Langford Creek about i mile north of Haw Bush 
Point and three-eighths mile southwest of entrance to Philips Creek. (See Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality.— Ohseived station is in comer of cultivated field about 10 feet above high water, 
10 yards southwest of edge of bank, 17 yards north of edge of bank, 19 yards northwest of extreme point 
of bank, and 125 yards east-northeast of a house. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 4 
inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 



X mile. 
■ 3 miles. 

1 mile. 

10.07 meters. 

2 miles. 
i^'i miles. 

12.59 meters. 



38. 40 meters. 



68 Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 

References. — o / // 

"Harp" (N 5° 32' W) o 00 00 X mile. 

South peak of bam 8 52 54 mile. 

Large chimney of house 29 32 2>i miles. 

Chimney on ell of large house 37 37 if^ miles. 

Chimney of shanty 56 06 1 mile. 

Right comer of west chimney' of large brick 

house 107 59 ^ mile. 

East peak of large bam 151 18 !< mile. 

Right comer of north chimney of brick house 155 52 ?^ mile. 

Left tangent of chimney of house 247 13 125 yards. 

HARP. 

General locality. — Western shore of East Fork of Langford Creek on point opposite entrance to Philips 
Creek. (See Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is at soutlieast end of row of bushes on a marsh point about i 
foot above high water, 20 yards southwest of edge of marsh, 20 yards west of edge of marsh, 24 yards 
northwest of edge of marsh, and 40 yards from a tree-fringed bank. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement mojument projecting 4 
inches above surface of groimd. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 

References. — o / // 

" Clay " (N 46° 44' W) o 00 00 '-i mile. 

East chimney of brick house 23 45 ^4 mile. 

South peak of large bam 52 31 i mile. 

Chimney of house 76 58 2 miles. 

Large square chimney on west end of house 167 17 X ™ilE- 

Northeast peak of long bam 201 39 J^ mile. 

Chimney of small house 204 11 % mile. 

CLAY. 

General locality. — Western shore of East Fork of Langford Creek about one-eighth mile south of 
Lovely Cove and five-eighths mile northwest of entrance to Philips Creek. (See Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is in woods about 20 feet above high water and 6 yards south- 
west of edge of bank. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 4 
inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 

References. — o / // 

"Lovely " (N 7° 19' E) o 00 00 J^ mile. 

Left tangent of chimney of brick house 31 46 '2 mile. 

Nail in blaze in oak tree (12 inches diameter) 50 30 4.61 meters. 

Nail in blaze in oak tree (12 inches diameter) log 36 30 4.13 meters. 

West chimney of large brick house 118 24 i^ miles. 

Nail in blaze in chestnut tree (10 inches di- 
ameter) 141 50 50 6.23 meters. 

Nail in blaze in chestnut tree (10 inches di- 
ameter) 172 22 50 6.24 meters. 

Nail in blaze in chestnut tree (13 inches di- 
ameter) 220 44 20 8.15 meters. 

Nail in blaze in oak tree (9 inches diameter). 255 37 50 5.06 meters. 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 69 

LOVELY. 

General locality. — ^Western shore of East Fork of Langford Creek on north side of entrance to Lovely 
Cove and three-fourths mile northwest of entrance to Philips Creek. (See Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is at edge of cultivated field about 5 feet above high water, 12 
yards north of shore, i yard north of top of slight slope, and 70 yards east of a cut in shore. 

Mark;. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 5 
inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 

References. — ° ' " 

"Gut" (S 48° 15' E) o 00 00 ^ mile. 

Chimney of large brick house 5 32 ij^ miles. 

East peak of long barn 22 39 2 miles. 

Nail in blaze in gum tree (3 inches diameter) 84 51 40 5.24 meters. 

Nail in blaze in locust tree (3 inches diame- 
ter) 132 22 30 1399 meters. 

Chimney on east end of brick house. . 219 10 X rnile. 

Near chimney of brick house 291 03 >4 mile. 

Nail in blaze in locust tree (3 inches diame- 
ter) 326 51 40 2.28 meters. 

Nail in blaze in locust tree (4 inches diame- 
ter) 327 37 20 4.55 meters. 

GUT. 

General locality. — Eastern shore of East Fork of Langford Creek on point at north side of entrance 
to a small cove about one-fourth mile east of entrance to Lovely Cove and one-half mile northwest of 
entrance to Philips Creek. (See Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on a marsh point about i foot above high water, 15 yards 
northeast of edge of marsh, 16 yards north of edge of marsh, 21 yards east of edge of marsh, and 65 yards 
north -northwest of extreme point of marsh. 

Mark.!. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 6 
inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monimient. 

References. — o / // 

" Philip " (S 38° 26' E) o 00 00 }4 niile. 

Northeast peak of long bam 19 32 i^ miles. 

Chinmey on southwest end of small house. . 140 06 i mile. 

East end of small shed 185 04 J; mile. 

Near comer of brick house 234 02 j/4 mile. 

Southeast peak of bam 238 07 i]4 miles. 

Chinmey on ell of house 268 40 3'< mile. 

Chimney on west end of house 357 47 i>s miles. 

PHILIP. 

General locality. — Eastern shore of East Fork of Langford Creek at north side of entrance to Pliilij)s 
Creek and about five-eighths mile southeast of entrance to Lovely Cove. (See Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on marsh land about i foot above high water, 10 yards east 
of edge of marsh, 15 yards northeast of edge of marsh, 17 yards southeast of edge of marsh, and southwest 
of a small group of cedar trees. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 3 
inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe biuied with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 



7« 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Kiiil County, Md. 



References. — o / // 

" Ide " (S ,^3° 46' E) o 00 00 

Northeast peak of large bam 22 22 

Chimney on ell of house 24 40 . . 

■ North peak of building no 21 .. 

Southwest chimney of small house 160 38 . . 

East peak of small shed 178 21 

Nail in blaze in cedar tree (4 inches diame- 
ter) 241 i:i 20 

Nail in blaze in water bush (3 inches diame- 
ter) 272 24 10 

Nail in blaze in cedar tree (4 inches diame- 
ter) 340 46 00 

IDE. 



yi mile. 
I mile. 

^ mile. 

^ mile. 
li/i miles. 
1^4 miles. 

15.79 meters. 

9.00 meters. 

13.97 meters. 



General locality. — Eastern shore of East Fork of Langford Creek at south side of entrance to Philips 
Creek about 2 miles northeast of main body of Langford Creek. (See Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is about 2 feet above high water, 17 yards east of shore, 15 
yards southeast of a cut in shore, and 18 yards northeast of another cut in shore. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 
5 inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 

References. — a / /> 

"Hoo"(Si7°22'W) o 

Northeast peak of house 19 

Chimney of house 49 

Soutli peak of bam 148 

Chimney of True house 293 

East peak of large bam 346 



45 



27 



X mile. 
if^ miles. 
14, mile. 
%■ mile. 
14, mile. 
y% mile. 



HOO. 



General locality. — Eastern shore of East Fork of Langford Creek about i^-i miles northeast of main 
body of Langford Creek, seven-eighths mile north of Haw Bush Point and three-eighths mile south of 
entrance to Philips Creek. (See Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on marsh land about i foot above high water, 10 yards 
southeast of shore, 14 yards east of shore, 20 yards nortli of shore, and in front of water bushes. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 
7 inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 

References. — a / /> 

'■Cult"(S;37°2o'W) o 

North peak of bam 23 

South peak of bam 74 

East peak of bam 115 

Soutli peak of bam 135 

North peak of large bam 311 

Left comer of east chimney of brick house . . 318 



56 



y^ mile. 
y mile. 
y, mile. 
iX miles. 
2 miles. 
% mile. 
yi mile. 



CULT. 



General locality. — Eastern shore of East Fork of Langford Creek on point about 1% miles nortlieast 
of main body of Langford Creek and one-fourth mile east of Leary 's old wharf. (See Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is about 3 feet above high water, 12 yards south-southeast 
of shore, 16 yards east of shore, 4 yards south-southeast of a road, and 40 yards southeast of a wharf. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 
4 inches above siuface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe biu-ied with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 



71 



References. — ° / // 

"Warm" (S 28° 24' W) o 00 00 

Peak of house showing through trees 12 57 

Chimney of house 22 32 

South peak of house 53 03 

South peak of house 147 08 

Chimney of house 170 26 

North chimney of house 224 39 

Near peak of bam 355 43 

WANN. 



yi mile. 

I mile. 

2X miles. 

yi mile. 

^ mile. 

I mile. 

K mile. 



General locality. — Eastern shore of East Fork of Langford Creek on Haw Bush Point at west side of 
entrance to Kings Creek and Wanus Cove, and about seven-eighths mile northeast of main body of 
Langford Creek. (See Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate /oca/ji v. ^Observed station is about 3 feet above high water, 2 yards south of shore, 2 yards 
north of shore, and 16 yards west-southwest of a persimmon tree. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 
6 inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 

References. — o / // 

"Com" (S 58° 36' W) o 

Chimney of house near shore 6 

Chimney on south end of house 11 

South peak of large bam 58 

East chimney of house 93 

Peak of house among trees 134 

Nail in blaze in persimmon tree (g inches 

diameter) 184 

Nail in blaze in oak tree 196 

North chimney of Stoop storehouse 226 

North peak of Stoop long bam 230 

South chimney of house 271 



54 



^ mile. 
ij4 miles. 
2j4 miles. 

^ mile. 

}4 mile. 

^ mile. 



15 



12.76 meters. 

1. 3 1 meters. 

}4 mile. 

^2 mile. 

X njile. 



CORN. 



General locality. — Eastern shore of East Fork of Langford Creek on east side of a small cove about 
three-eighths mile east of main body of Langford Creek, and one-half mile southwest of Haw Bush Point. 
(See Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is in edge of cultivated land about 3 feet above high water, 
12 yards east-southeast of shore, and 4 yards east-souUieast of line of trees between shore and station. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 
6 inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 

References. — o / // 

"Neck" (S 55° 31' W) o 

Chimney of house near shore 13 

Chimney of large house 20 

Nail in blaze in locust tree (5 inches diam- 
eter). 41 

Nail in blaze in locust tree (4 inches diam- 
eter) 83 

Nail in blaze in locust tree (4 inches diam- 
eter) 132 

Near peak of bam 144 

Near comer of house 320 



00 


00 


H mile. 


0.1 




I mile. 


38 




2 miles. 


48 


20 


3. 98 meters. 


31 


00 


4.60 meters. 


57 


00 


10.47 meters. 


10 

42 




3/ mile. 
ys mile. 



72 Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 

NECK. 

General locality. — Eastern sliore of Langford Creek on Orchard Point at soutli side of entrance to 
East Fork of Langford Creek about one-fourtli mile south of Cacaway Island. (See Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is about 6 feet above high water, 6 yards south of shore, 12 
yards east of shore, 10 yards east-southeast of point of bank in cultivated field, and 30 )'ards northwest 
of corner of peach orchard . 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 
6 inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 

References. — o / // 

"Major" (S 4° 41' W) o 00 00 J^ mile. 

Right peak of bam 31 47 ij^ miles. 

Right chimney of house 51 44 J4 mile. 

Right chimney of small house 73 59 i>^ miles. 

Chimney on right end of house among trees. ig6 18 ^ mile. 

Nail in blaze in cedar tree (3 inches diam- 
eter) 218 40 00 11.67 meters. 

Nail in blaze in peach tree (3 inches diam- 
eter) 305 26 50 27.58 meters. 

MAJOR. 

General locality. — Eastern shore of Langford Creek about i^s miles north of Chester River, three- 
eighths mile southeast of Drum Point and three-fourth mile south of Orchard Point. (See Chart No. 30.) 
Immediate locality. — Observed station is in a cultivated field about 15 feet above high water, 25 
yards southeast of shore, 17 yards southeast of edge of bluff, 9 yards southeast of wire fence, and 18 yards 
south of locust trees. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 5 
inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 

References. — o / // 

" Peach " (S 24° 02' W) o 00 00 ^ mile. 

North chimney of house 19 35 3X miles. 

East gable of house 25 54 i}4 miles. 

North chimney of Ashley house 47 01 i mile. 

East gable of house 68 32 i}4 miles. 

East gable of house 93 52 i mile. 

East chimney of house ....*. 103 30 i mile. 

Nail in blaze in locust tree (6 inches 

diameter) 128 02 10 16.49 meters. 

North chimney of Brown house ... 305 20 _!4 niilu. 

PEACH. 

General locality. — Eastern sliore of Langford Creek about one-half mile north of Chosler River and 
1 liree-fourths mile south of Drum Point. (Sec Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on marsh land about i foot above high water, 4 yards east 
oi shore, 300 yards west of peach orchard, and in center of triangle formed by three pine stubs driven 
Hush with marsh to support theodolite. 

.Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 
5 inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 



73 



References. — 

" Langford " (S 15° 55' E) o 

Nortli gable of house 11 

Left tangent of woods on Hail Point 2S 

North chimney of house 72 

East gable of barn 123 

East chimney of small house 158 

East chimney of house 167 

Chimney of small house 179 

East chimney of house 199 

LANGFORD. 



^ mile. 
3 j s miles. 
6X miles. 
2>2 miles. 

}4 mile. 
lyi miles. 

}-i mile. 
iX miles. 
2^ miles. 



General locality. — Western shore of Chester River, on Nichols Point, at east side of entrance to Lang- 
ford Creek. (See Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate /oca/tZj'.— Observed station is on a sandy point among persimmon trees about 2 feet 
above high water, 12 yards inshore, and 200 yards south of a marsh. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 3 
inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 

References. — o / // 

"Gordon" (S 10° 42' W) o 

East one of group of four pine trees 2 

East chimney of house 45 

Chimney of small house 56 

Nail in blaze in persimmon tree (6 inches 

diameter) 72 

East chimney of house S7 

South gable of bam 115 

South chimney' of house 141 

Chimney of house 152 

Nail in blaze in persimmon tree (6 inches 

diameter) 218 

Nail in blaze in persimmon tree (4 inches 

diameter) 287 

Northwest corner of Earle bathhouse 299 

Cupola on bam 332 

North gable of house 346 



45 



39 



30 



30 



2^8 miles. 


3'/< 


miles. 


2^ 


miles. 


2X 


miles. 


4-.S9 


meters. 


I 


mile. 


ij's 


miles. 


iK 


miles. 


1/2 


miles. 


2.23 


meters. 


763 


meters. 


iK 


miles. 


2 


miles. 


2^ 


miles. 



•SPANIARD POINT 2 UPPER. 



General locality. — Southeastem shore of Chester River on Lower Spaniard Point about i^ niiks 
east of Nichols Point, seven-eighths mile south of Cliffs Landing and one-half mile southwest of Spaniard 
Wliurf. (See Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Obscrveil station is on a sand beach about i foot above high water, 8 yards 
southeast of shore, and 300 }-ards northwest of woods. Cement monument marking reference station 
is 11.72 meters S 70° 51' E of ob.served station. 

Marks. — Observed station is nail in 3-inch cenient-fdled tile pipe bearing the legend "U. S. C. vS. 
1896, " with top 6 inches below surface of ground. Reference station is center point of triangle on stand- 
ard cement monument projecting 6 inches above surface of ground. 



74 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 



References. — ° 

"Langford" (N 87° 27' W) o 

South gable of barn 2 

East gable of bam 16 

Church steeple 29 

West chimney of Brown house 37 

West chimney of house 76 

Right tangent of piles of Cliffs Landing. . . . 100 

South gable of house loi 

" Westcotts Windmill" 117 

Reference station 196 

North gable of barn 295 

Right tangent of woods on Gordon Point .... 302 

East chimney of house on Grays Inn Creek. . 352 

QUAKER. 



i^ miles. 
2j/i miles. 
2fi miles. 

3 miles, 
iji miles. 

I mile. 

]4 mile. 

lyi miles. 

2X miles. 

11.72 meters. 

3 miles. 

3 miles. 
3f^ miles. 



Genera! locality. — Western shore of Chester River in Cliff Bight about three-fourths mile north of 
Nichols Point. (See Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on marsh land about 3 feet above high water, 8 yards north- 
west of shore, 8 yards southeast of a wire fence and a row of pear trees, and 6 yards south of a group of 
persimmon trees. 

Martis. — Observed station is center point of trieuigle on standard cement monument p.'-ojecting 5 
inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 

References. — ° 

"Brown" (N 80° 42' E) o 

West gable of bam 15 

Left tangent of Spaniard Wharf 24 

Northeast corner of Earle house 70 

North gable of house near Reeds Creek 102 

Right tangent of woods on Gordon Point. . . 114 

Lone oak tree 147 

Nail in blaze in hackberr\- tree (6 inches 

diameter) 203 

Nail in blaze in persimmon tree (8 inches 

diameter) 319 

West chimney of house 351 



08 



yi mile. 
2}i miles. 
\% miles. 
2 miles. 
3^^' miles. 
^yi miles. 

% mile. 

4.81 meters. 

3.43 meters. 
yi mile. 



EVANS. 



General locality. — Southeastern shore of Chester River on Upper Spaniard Point about five-eigfiths 
mile south of Cliffs Landing and one-eighth mile northeast of Spaniard Wliarf . (See Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on marsh land about i foot above high water, 10 yards 
north of shore, and 200 yards east of end of Spaniard Wharf. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 4 
inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 



Survey oj Oystey Bars, Kent County, Md. 



75 



References. — 

" Chester " (S 80° 13' E) o 00 

Lone walnut tree (6 inches diameter) 106 17 

South gable of fishing shack near shore 136 00 

"Spaniard Wharf i8g6" (old triangulation 

station) 124 49 

Right tangent of piles at end of Spaniard 

Wharf 167 23 

North chimney of house 189 26 

West chimney of house 212 13 

Chimney of Martin cabin 219 20 

North gable of Cliffs Landing house 234 31 

East chimney of house 247 28 

North gable of barn 276 23 

"Westcotts Windmill" 282 55 

East gable of barn 308 31 

North gable of Hay bam 318 03 

East gable of barn 348 39 

BROWN. 



H 






mile. 

yards. 

mile. 

I meters. 

I yards. 

miles, 
i miles. 

mile. 

mile. 

mile. 

miles. 

miles. 

miles. 

miles. 

miles. 



General locality .—^ort\\v;c^tc'm shore of Chester River on Cliffs Point between Cliffs Bight and 
Commegys Bight about one-fourth mile west of Cliffs Landing. (Sec Chart No. 30. ) 

Immediate locality.— Observed station is in a cultivated field about 12 feet above high water. 25 yards 
north of shore, 7 yards north of edge of bank, and 45 yards southeast of a large cherr\' tree. 

i\/aMfei.— Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 3 
inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 
References. — 

"Deep Point 2 " (N 80° 15' E) o 00 00 ... . 

West gable of liam 4 49 

West chimney of house 22 55 

North gable of small fishing shack 82 04 

North gable of barn 115 26 

Nail in blaze in locust tree (5 inches diam- 
eter) 157 07 1° ■ - • 

Nail in blaze in walnut tree (15 inches diam- 
eter) 209 09 50 

East gable of house 220 55 

East gable of bam 334 o4 

West chimney of house 338 ss 

Northwest corner of Martin shack 343 03 

West gable of wharf house 355 27 

STRATTON. 



ij-l miles. 
2'/< miles, 
i^ miles. 
3/^ mile. 
3 '2 miles. 

I3-S5 meters. 

14.13 meters. 
300 yards. 
300 yards. 
i'^ miles. 
77 yards. 
'X mile. 



General /oc<i/j7>'.— Northwestern shore of Chester River at west side of entrance to Commeg>'s Bight 
near Cliffs Landing and about one-fourth mile northeast of Cliffs Point. (See Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. —OhserveA station is on marsh land about on level with high water, 5 feet north 
of shore, and 21 yards southwest of entrance to a small creek. 

Macfej.— Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 6 
inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 



Survey oj Oyster Bars, Kent Coiinly, Md. 



References. — o / // 

"Deep Point 2 " (N 83° 53' E) o 00 00 

Cupola on bam 7 50 

West gable of comcrib 23 27 

Southwest comer of wharf house 82 04 . . 

North gable of house 114 03 

Right tangent of woods on Gordon Point ... . 125 14 

Pine tree on line with bulkhead of wharf. .. . 154 29 

North chimney of house 266 37 

West gable of Westcott bam 319 58 

West gable of bam 340 32 

CHESTER. 



iJ-X miles. 

2 miles. 
i>i miles. 
100 yards. 

3 miles. 
3>i miles. 
100 yards. 
400 yards. 
1% miles. 
lyi miles. 



General locality. — vSoutheastem shore of Chester River about three-fourths mile east of Upper Span- 
iard Point and seven-eighths mile south of Deep Point. (See Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is in a low meadow about 2 feet above high water, 10 yards 
south of shore, 2 yards south of board and wire fence. 2 yards east of rail fence, and 35 yards northwest 
of gate to front yard of a house. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 5 
inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 

References. — o / /> 

"Evans" (N 80° 12' W) o 

South chimney of house 6 

East gable of Cliffs Landing house 23 

East gable of house 35 

Chimney of house 51 

South chimney of Westcott house 76 

West gable of bam 85 

Left tangent of piles of Indiantown Wharf . . . 116 

South cupola of bam 139 

West chimney of Emor\- house 158 

West chimney of Emor)' tenant house 218 

Nail in blaze in persimmon tree (6 inches 

diameter) 247 

Nail in blaze in locust tree (12 inches diam- 
eter) 328 54 50 



i3 



i/^ mile. 
2].'^ miles. 
1.]/% miles. 
I '2 miles. 
-s]/2 miles. 
\^/i miles. 
I mile. 
ij'2 miles. 
-1% miles. 

% mile. 
100 yards. 

11.67 meters. 

24.18 meters. 



WESTCOTT'S WINDMILL. 

(iciicral locality. — Northwestern side of Chester River about one-eighth mile inshore from northern 
end (if Coniraeg>'S Bight and ifs miles northeast of Cliffs Landing. 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is about 35 feet high and on a bam. It is separate from the 
water tank which is back of the bam. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of windmill. 

References. — None necessary'. 

CORPSE. 

General locality. — Southeastern shore of Chester River about three-eighths mile southeast of Deep 
Point, lyi miles east-northeast of Spaniard Wliarf, and five-eighths mile southwest of Indiantown Wliarf. 
(See Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on a sanded marsh strip about i foot above high water, 3 
yards east of shore, 18 yards soutli-southeast of a point, 43 yards north by east of another point, and one- 
eighth mile west of a large house. 



H 


mile. 


1V2 


miles. 


iK 


miles. 


% 


mile. 


I 


mile. 


fs 


mile. 


y% 


mile. 


M 


mile. 


H 


mile. 


T/i mile. 



Surrey of Oyster Bars, Kent County. Md. 77 

Maiks. — Observed station is center [joint of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 3 
inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark.is center of 2-incli tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 

References. — ° ' " 

" Chester " (S 39° 24' W) o 00 00 

Right tangent of Spaniard Wharf 30 29 

Chimney of house near Cliffs Landing 61 43 

Right peak of house on Deep Point 83 48 

Left one of two chimneys on south end of 

brick house 147 03 . . * 

Left tangent of Indiantown WTiarf 173 17 

Chimney of ell of house near Indiantown 

Wharf 181 53 

Left tangent of large house 228 11 

Right chimney of house 297 55 

Chimney outside of old house 359 07 

DEEP POINT 2. 

General locality. — Northwestern shore of Chester River on Deep Point about i}-^ miles east of Cliffs 
Landing, ly^ miles nortlieast of Spaniard Wharf, and three-fourths mile west of Indiantown WHiarf . (See 
Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is about i foot above high water, among several cedar and 
poplar trees on a point, 13 yards northeast of shore, 21 yards southwest by west of shore, 40 yards north- 
west of extreme end of point, and 120 yards southeast of a i/<-story house. Cement monument marking 
reference station is on line with west end of house 17.14 meters N 53° 52' W of observed station. 

Marks. — Observed station is nail in center of 2-inch tile pipe set in cement with top 2 inches below 
surface of ground. Reference station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument project- 
ing 4 inches above surface of ground. 

References. — o / // 

"Thorn" (N 40° 10' E) ,. o 00 00 ;'^ mile. 

Left chimney of house 11 43 3 J^ miles. 

Left tangent of Ashland Wharf 13 04 i>i miles. . 

Near chimney on west peak of house 22 58 2'2 miles. 

Southwest peak of house near Indiantown 

Wharf 31 23 ".smile. 

Nail in blaze in branch of cedar tree (15 

inches diameter) 45 27 00 11.48 meters. 

Cupola on bam 61 43 i mile. 

Nail in blaze in poplar tree (11 inches diam- 
eter) 93 54 00 15.02 meters. 

Largestoneof three chimneys of house 102 07 1% miles. 

Chimney of brick house 153 25 i mile. 

Chimney on near peak of house 233 39 i '4 miles. 

Reference STATION 265 58 20 17.14 meters. 

Nail in blaze in poplar tree (10 inches diam- 
eter) 266 00 20 17. 78 meters. 

Right tangent of back of Westcott house 279 56 120 yards. 

Nail in blaze in branch of double tree (8 

inches diameter) 340 43 00 ig. 74 meters. 



78 



Survey oj Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 



INDIAN. 



General locality. — Southeastern shore of Chester River near Indiantown Wharf about three-fourths 
mile east-northeast of Deep Point. (See Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate tocality. — Observed station is about 2 feet above high water, 10 yards east of shore end 
of Indiantown Wharf, 10 yards southeast of shore, 2 1 yards nortli of curved fence of yard of a small house, 
and 40 yards north by west of a house. 

Marlis. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 4 
inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. • 

References. — ° ' " 

"Corpse" (S 38° 10' W) .- o 

Right tangent of Spaniard Wharf 22 

Right chimney of Westcott bungalow 34 

Near comer of wharf house 72 

Left tangent of Massey brick house 96 

Large chimney of house beyond trees 146 

Chimney of small house near Quaker Neck 

Wharf 161 

Left tangent of Ashland Wharf. 176 

Lone cedar tree 182 

Nail in blaze in cedar tree (12 inches diame- 
ter) 287 

Near comer of house 288 

Nail in blaze in cedar tree (10 inches diame- 
ter! 305 

Nail in blaze in cedar tree (20 inches diame- 
ter! 319 

Right tangent of curved fence 324 

Chimney of large house 334 

THORN. 



55 



08 



19 



59 



58 



y?, mile. 

2 miles. 

3.^ mile. 

100 yards. 

'2 mile. 

I mile. 

i'4' miles. 

'^s mile. 

120 yards. 

31.24 meters. 
;' !j mile. 

18.68 meters. 

30.92 meters. 
40 yards. 
'2 mile. 



General locality. — Northwestern shore of upper Chester River opposite White Cove near Westcott 
Wharf, and about three-fourths mile northeast of Deep Point. (See Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is in a cultivated field about 6 feet above high water, 15 
yards northwest of shore, 5 yards southwest of corner of board fence. 60 yards south-southeast of a brick 
house, and 42 yards southwest of piles of old wharf at shore line. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 4 
inches above siuface of groimd. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 
References. — 

"Shippen"(N 43° 17' E) o 

Near peak of large house 18 

Left tangent of Ashland Wharf 23 

Comer post of fence (4 inches diameter) .... ;i:i 

Cupola of bam 104 13 

Chimney of small house 159 09 

Near comer of Massey house 208 40 

Nail in blaze in peach tree (6 inches diame- 
ter) 283 57 

Nail in blaze in fence post (3 inches diame- 
ter) 3i^ 27 



40 



23 



' 2 mile. 
4'i miles. 
5 8 mile. 
4.33 meters. 
Js mile. 
i}i miles. 
]^i mile. 

13.74 meters. 

5.35 meters. 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 



79 



ASHLAND. 

General locality. — Southeastern shore of upper Chester River near Ashland Wharf and about one- 
fourth mile northeast of White Cove. (See Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is about i foot above high water, 5 yards southeast of shore, 
32 yards southwest of fence, and 20 yards west-northwest of persimmon trees. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 4 
inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 

References. — o / // 

"Indian" (S 43° 29' W) o 00 00 yi mile. 

Right tangent of Indiantown Wharf 5 44 >2 mile. 

Chimney on ell of Massey house 37 46 '4 mile. 

Chimney of small house 116 46 }^ mile. 

Peak of Quaker Neck Wharf house 145 43 -5-^ mile. 

Nail in blaze in fence post (4 inches diame- 
ter) 171 12 50 28.80 meters. 

Nail in blaze in persimmon tree (3 inches 

diameter) 247 22 50 22.81 meters. 

Nail in blaze in persimmon tree (3 inches 

diameterl 289 34 10 17.29 meters. 

Chimney of summerhouse 356 04 J-2 mile. 

SHIPPRN. 



General loaility. — Northwestern shore of upper Chester River opposite Ashland Wharf on point at 
southern side of entrance to Shippen Creek. (See Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on sand and marsh point about i foot above high water, 
6 yards southwest of shore , 1 2 yards northeast of shore , 1 5 yards north of end of sand point . and 2 5 yards 
southeast of trees along edge of cultivated field. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument with top pro- 
jecting 4 inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 
2 inches below base of monument. 

References. — a / // 

"Oyster" (N 38° 22') o 00 00 ... 

Chimney on left end of house 18 37 

Peak of bam , 26 49 

Chimney on end of house 27 59 

Chimney on right end of house 54 23 

Left tangent of piles of Ashland Wharf 69 40 

Chimney on near end of house 79 08 

Spindle on bam cupola 135 58 

Tangentof piles at Indiantown Wharf 154 35 

Tangent of Deep Point 182 24 

Near chimney of house 189 40 

Nail in blaze in pear tree (12 inches diam- 
eter) 263 35 40 

Nail in blaze in cedar tree (10 inches diam- 
eter) 292 46 10 . . . . 

Near peak of bam 341 44 

Smoke pipe on Quaker Neck wharf house . . 359 56 



K mile. 


2>-2 miles. 


2% miles. 


2% miles. 


I mile. 


^•4 mile. 


I mile. 


I mile. 


y^ mile. 


i}i miles. 


}i mile. 


22.59 meters. 


20.70 meters. 


5-s mile. 


S-s mile. 



8o 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 



BURNS. 

General locality. — Southeastern shore of upper Chester River opposite Quaker Neck Wharf, about 
one-half mile northeast of Ashland Wharf, (See Cliart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is in meadow land about i foot above high water, 10 yards 
southeast of shore. 50 Aards southwest by south of point, 145 yards northeast by east of a fence, and 200 
yards northwest of another fence. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 7 
inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 

References. — o / // 

"Ashland" (S 45° 22' W) o 00 00 sgmile. 

Chimney of house on Westcott Wharf 18 36 i}i miles. 

South peak of large bam 78 48 5 s mile. 

Near chimney of Quaker Neck Wharf house . 89 20 '2 mile. 

Left chimney of old house 108 41 

Left tangent i f hook-shaped point of marsh . 183 22 '2 mile- 
Near peak of nouse 196 25 I '2 miles. 

Windmill 234 22 30 3^ mile. 

Chimney of house 280 56 i mile. 

Left chimney of house on Ashland Road. . . 323 57 i mile. 



OYSTER. 

General locality. — Northwestern shore of upper Chester River about one-eighth mile northeast of 
Quaker Neck Wharf and one-half mile southwest of entrance to Jarretts Creek. (See Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is in a cultivated field about 20 feet above high water, 8 
■\ards west-northwest of edge of bank, 9 )-ards north-northwest of edge of bank, 25 yards northeast by 
north of a cedar tree, 100 yards southwest of low land, and 115 yards east of fence near a house. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 5 
inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 

References. — o / // 

" Jarrett" (N 67° 48' E) o 00 00 -'smile. 

Left peak of Bookers Wharf house 21 00 lyi miles. 

Cupola 50 14 I mile. 

Windmill 50 55 " s mile. 

Left chimney of house 107 14 i-' s miles. 

Cupola on bam 123 50 i^' 4 miles. 

Nail in blaze in cedar tree (7 inches diame- 
ter) 143 13 30 24.90 meters. 

Smoke pipe of wharf house 151 03 yi mile. 

Left chimney of house 180 43 130 yards. 

Left chimney of old house on near side of 

Jarretts Creek 277 29 ^i mile. 

Chimney of house among trees 309 06 1J4 miles. 

STARKLEY. 

General locality. — Southeastem shore of upper Chester River, about three-fourths mile east of Quaker 
Neck Wharf and one-half mile southwest of Bookers Wharf. (See Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Obsers'ed station is in meadow land about i foot above high water, 10 yards 
east by south of shore, ^t, yards south of first cut in shore, 140 yards north by west of a fence, 145 yards 
southwest of point where another fence meets shore, arid 275 yards south of large cedar tree. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 6 
inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Aid . 8i 

References. — o / // 

"Bums" (S 6i° 34' W) o 00 00 Smile. 

Left chimney of Quaker Neck Wharf house. 39 02 "s mile. 

Right peak of bam 66 43 i mile. 

Peak of middle dormer window of large house 114 30 -'^' mile. 

Left peak of large house 163 49 i '4 miles. 

Left peak of Bookers Wharf house 187 48 ^2 mile. 

Large cedar tree 191 11 275 yards. 

Spindle on left cupola of bam 262 00 20 ' i mile. 

Weather vane on barn 320 01 50 ' ., mile. 

JARRETT. 

General localily. — Northwestern shore of upper Chester River, alxiut fivf-cigliths mile southwest of 
Melton Point, one-fourth mile east of entrance to Jarretts Creek, and five-eighths mile west of Bookers 
Wharf. (See Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed staticm is about i foot above high water. 14 >ards north of shore. 5° 

yards from a short fence at shore, 65 yards west of entrance to slough, and 175 vards from another fence. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 5 

inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 

below base of monument. 

References. — a 1 // 

"Melton" (N6i°34' E) o 

Left peak of house on ridge i 

Right peak of small house 47 

West peak of Bookers Wharf house 48 

Spindle on left cupola on bam 96 

Weather vane on cupola on bam 125 

Chimney of house near Indiantown Wharf. . 155 

Large chimney of Massey brick house 169 

Smoke pipe of Quaker Neck Wharf house. . . 182 
Peak of middle dormer window of large house 299 

BOOKER. 

Cencral locality. — Southeastern shore of upper Chester River, air 
Wharf and one-half mile south of Melton Point. (Sec Chart No. 30. j 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on sanded marsh about i foot above high water, 6 yards 
southeast of shore, 13 yards east by south of a small point, 30 3-ards southwest by south of locust trees, 
125 yards northwest by north of a house on 20-foQt bank, and 140 yards northwest of a creek. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 6 
inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 

References. — o , ,/ 

"Starkley " (S 67° 55' W) o 00 00 s.^ mile. 

Left chimney of Quaker Neck Wharf house . 17 46 i^ miles. 

Near peak of hoiise in woods 53 23 ^ mile. 

Peak of middle dormer window on left side 

of house among trees 68 05 J-i mile. 

Chimney of house 113 38 i mile. 

Nail in blaze in locust tree (4 inches diameter) 182 23 40 29.46 meters. 

Near peak of house on bank 293 48 125 yards. 

Right peak of Bookers Wharf house 350 47 175 yards. 

14126 — 12 6 



00 


00 . . 




?s mile. 




.1,1 






i,'2 miles. 




,=;8 






ii mile. 




50 
01 
48 






' s mile. 

3-^ mile. 

I mile. 




29 






I's miles. 




16 






i"8 miles. 




so 
07 






3/ mile. 
'j mile. 




iver 


, aljout 


175 yards 


northeast 


f Bookers 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 



JOURNEY. 

(JiiH-ni! locality. — Eastern shore of upper Chester River, opposite Melton Point, about one-half 
mill- northeast of Bookers Wharf. (See Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is in cultivated land about 20 feet above high water, 3 yards 
southeast by east of edge of bank, south of large elm tree, and northeast of several sycamore and locust 
trees. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 5 
inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 

References. — ° 

"Booker" (S 28° 15' W) o 

Right peak of Bookers Wharf house 4 

Smoke pipe of Quaker Neck Wharf house ... 41 
Near peak of house with three dormer win- 
dows 77 

Right chimney of 2 ■ 2-stor>- house 107 

Nail in blaze in elm tree (10 inches diameter) 134 

Large cedar tree in yard near fence 187 

Near peak of old house 318 

Nail in blaze in sycamore tree (8 inches 
diameter) 355 



40 



°5 



^2 mile. 
X mile. 
i}4 miles. 

]/s mile. 

iK miles. 

22.70 meters. 

400 yards. 

200 yards. 

21.00 meters. 



MELTON. 



General locality. — Western shore of upper Chester River, on Melton Point, about one-half mile 
north of Bookers Wharf. (See Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is about 2 feet above high water, 4 yards south of shore, 40 
yards north of shore, 32 yards northwest of extreme end of point, 2 yards northeast of marsh, and 125 
yards east-southeast of clump of cedar trees. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 6 
inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 

References. — o / // 

"Pomona" (N 53° 38' W) o 00 00 

Right chimney of house on knoll i ; 17 

Right peak of roof of building 58 07 

Left chimney of house ii8 37 

Northwest chimney of house on bank near 

Bookers Wharf 219 20 

Northwest peak of Bookers Wharf house .... 226 38 

Smoke pipe of Quaker Neck Wharf house . . . 296 46 

Near chimney of house w'ith dormer windows 346 50 



^ mile. 
iK miles. 

5.^ mile. 
J/i mile. 

>2 mile. 
)4 mile. 
iX miles. 
H mile. 



CAKE. 



General locality. — Eastern shore of upper Chester River, about three-eighths mile north of Melton 
Point and seven-eighths mile north of Bookers Wharf. (See Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is in a marsh about i foot above high water, 13 yards east- 
southeast of shore, 35 yards northeast by north of shore, 35 yards northeast of rounded point, 150 yards 
north -north west of entrance to a creek, 200 yards south-southwest of buildings, and 300 yards south of a 
house among trees. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 6 
inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 



Survey uj Uyslei Burs, Kent Luuiily, Md. 



8.3 



'2 


mile. 


^■i 


mile. 


'i 


mile. 


H 


mile. 


I 'A 


miles. 


'4 


mile. 


'4 


mile. 


■4 


mile. 



References. ° / // 

" Journey " (S 36° 29' E) o 00 00 . . . . 

Chimney on ell of house to left of trees 3 40 

Northwest peak of Bookers Wharf house . 38 53 

South chimney of near one of twin houses . 142 49 

East chimney of brick house among trees on 

ridge - 169 16 

South peak of building - 229 41 

Large lone tree on ridge 299 10 - 

.Left chimney of large house 324 39 

POMONA. 

General locality. — Western shore of upper Chester River about five-eighths mile northwest of Melton 
Point and one-half mile south of entrance to Browns Creek. (See Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is among small trees near edge of cultivated field, about 12 
feet above high water, 6 yards west of edge of bank, and 8 yards from top of slope to marsh. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 4 
inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 

References. — o / // 

"Taste" (N 5° 30' W) ." o 00 00 ;■< mile. 

Nail in blaze in locust tree (3 inches diam- 
eter) 14 28 20 . . . 

Windmill 52 29 30 . . . 

Right corner of house . 71 49 

Large lone tree in field . 93 20 

Left chimney of large house 103 47 

Ell of house to left of trees 126 48 

Nail in blaze in locust tree (4 inches diam- 
eter) 167 lo 50 ... 

Nail in blaze in cedar tree (8 inches diam- 
eter) 196 39 40 . . . 

Large cherry tree 277 32 

BILL. 

General locality. — Eastern shore of upper Chester River about three-fourths mile north of Melton 
Point and nearly opposite Browns Creek. (See Chart No. 30, 1 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is in grove of elm, ash, and oak trees on north side of a point 
about 20 feet above high water, 7 yards south-southeast of edge of bank, 30 yards east-northeast of a 
small house, and 40 yards west-southwest of a fence. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 5 
inches above surface of ground. .Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 

References. — o / // 

"Cake" (S 15° 41' E) o 00 00 3 smile. 

Right peak of Bookers Wharf house 12 04 1J4 miles. 

Nail in blaze in elm tree (10 inches diam- 
eter) 20 43 40 12. 37 meters. 

Nail in blaze in elm tree (9 inches diameter) . 69 23 10 9. 92 meters. 

Nail in blaze in oak tree (24 inches diam- 
eter) 129 28 40 2. 95 meters. 

East chimney of brick house 137 29 J^ mile. 

Peak of sharp roof 155 53 K mile. 

" Robertson Windmill" 243 52 40 2X miles. 

Spindle on peak of house on Rolphs Wliarf . 247 37 40 2}^ miles. 

Nail in blaze in tree (8 inches diameter). .. . 280 24 50 7. 60 meters. 

Left chimney of house on ridge 322 17 ^ mile. 

Nail in blaze in tree (15 inches diameter) . . . 343 25 10 12- 30 meters. 

Chimney on ell of house 349 32 i mile. 



5. 23 meters. 


2 miles. 


1J4 miles. 


i>4 miles. 


1J2 miles. 


I ' 2 miles. 


7. 74 meters. 


\2. 18 meter.s. 


300 yards. 



84 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 



TASTE. 

General locality. — Western shore of upper Chester River on point at east side of entrance to Browns 
Creek, about i mile northwest of Melton Point. (See Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on a marsh point between Chester River and Browns Creek, 
about 5 yards north of shore of Chester River, 30 \ards south of shore of Browns Creek, 50 yards south- 
west of point of shore of Browns Creek, and 55 yards west-southwest of cedar trees. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 6 
inches above surface of groimd. Svibsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 

References. — o / // 

"Make" (N 52° 14' E) o 00 00 |s mile. 

Windmill 7 " .5° iK miles. 

Chimney of house 25 20 1% miles. 

Left chimney of house on ridge 68 58 1% miles. 

Chimney on ell of house 84 20 i^ miles. 

West chimney of left one of twin houses. . . . 142 ig ;''s mile. 

Right chimney of brick house 266 13 ^ mile. 

Largest cedar tree in clump (15 inches diam- 
eter) 350 28 54 yards. 

MAKE. 



General locality. — Western shore of upper Chester River about i',s miles north of Melton Point and 
three-eighths mile northeast of entrance to Browns Creek. (See Chart No. 30. 1 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is in a pasture land, about 2 feet above high water. 10 yards 
north of shore, no yards west of tangent of point of curve of shore, and 325 yards southeast of farm 
buildings behind trees. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on sUmdard cement monument projecting 4 
inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 
References . — 

"Broad" (N 61° 13' E) o 00 00 

Windmill o 22 30 

Near peak of canning house at Wilmers 

Wliarf 18 26 

Chimney on ell of house on ridge 45 45 

Left chimney of house on ridge 80 05 

Spindle on cupola on barn 118 55 

Left chimney of left one of twin houses .... 155 18 

West chimney of house 227 30 

South peak of building in woods 307 04 

DOWN. 

General locality. — Southeastern shore of upper Chester River about 2 miles southwest of entrance 
to Southeast Creek and i mile east of entrance to Browns Creek. (See Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on a small rounded point of sanded marsh, about i foot 
above high water, 5 yards south of shore, 40 yards east by south of an inlet, and 95 yards west of a fence 
beyond trees. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 6 
inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 



■'2 mile. 


iVi miles. 


I;' 8 miles. 


I '4 miles. 


iK miles. 


2J4' miles. 


i/i mile. 


I mile. 


I mile. 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 



85 



References. — o / // 

"Bill" (S 73° 52' W) o 00 00 yi mWe. 

East peak of large barn 33 37 ' mile. 

Chimney of house 75 53 i}.4 miles. 

" Robertson Windmill " 138 57 20 i mile. 

Right peak of small house near Rolphs 

Wharf 153 54 2X miles. 

Left peak of taller of two bams 197 17 }4 mile. 

Nail in blaze in cedar tree (5 inches diam- 
eter) 232 06 10 52. 50 meters. 

Nail in blaze in cedar tree (5 inches diam- 
eter) 253 25 40 47- 18 meters. 

Nail in blaze in pear tree (3 inches diam- 
eter) 348 29 50 14-34 meters. 

JULIUS. 

General locality. — Southeastern shore of tipper Chester River about one-half mile southwest o 
Wilmers Wharf. (See Chart No. 30.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on a sanded grass point fringed by cedar trees and about 
2 yards south of shore. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 5 

inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 

References. — o / // 

" Down" (S 56° 12' W) o 00 00 . . 

Chimney of left one of twin houses 10 37 . . . . 

Near peak of large bam 37 29 . . . . 

Middle one of three large trees 39 50 .... 

" Robertson Windmill " 130 23 30 . . 

South chimney of house at Rolphs Wharf . . 165 38 .... 

Weather vane on large bam 176 18 . . . . 

Northwest peak of Wilmers Wharf cannery . . 187 53 .... 
Nail in blaze in cedar tree (8 inches diam- 
eter) ■ 198 52 . . . . 

Nail in blaze in cedar tree (8 inches diam- 
eter) 318 o5 20 . . 

Nail in blaze in cedar tree (9 inches diam- 
eter) 345 21 .... 



,H' mile. 

I '--2 miles. 

I mile. 

yi mile. 
iX miles. 
is 8 miles. 
iX miles. 

-V^ mile. 

4. 77 meters. 
4. 30 meters. 
13. II meters. 



BROAD. 



General locality. — Northwestern side of upper Chester River, on an island at entrance to Broad 
Creek, about i mile northeast of entrance to Browns Creek. (See progress map.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on western end of a marsh island, about 9 yards north of 
shore, 43 yards south of shore, and 52 yards east-southeast of shore. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 6 
inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 

References. — o / // 

"Nils" (N 80" 24' E) o 00 00 >2 mile. 

Near peak of cannery 7 17 i>i miles. 

Chimney on ell of house on ridge 51 09 2^ miles. 

Right peak of bam 98 26 i mile. 

Peak of middle dormer window of large house 132 08 I'A miles. 

East peak of large bam to left of large tree . . 190 34 i mile. 

" Robertson W'indmill " 341 25 30 i J-2 miles. 



86 Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent Cownty, Md. 

NILS. 

General locality. — Northwestern shore of upper Chester River, about three-fourths mile west of 
entrance to Southeast Creek and one-half mile east of an island at entrance to Broad Creek. (See prog- 
ress map.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is in edge of cultivated field, about 5 feet above high w;ilcr, 
4 yards north of shore, 1 10 yards east by south of tangent of point of curve of shore, and 450 yards south- 
west of a house and windmill. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 5 
inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 

References. — o / // 

" Robertson ' ' (N 59° 04' E) o 00 00 }i mile. 

Weather vane on southwest peak of largest 

bam on ridge 10 46 i>2 miles. 

North peak of Wilmers Wharf cannery 37 03 j4 mile. 

Chimney of house near Wilmers Wharf 41 52 '-2 mile. 

West chimney of large house on ridge 133 32 i mile. 

Near peak of roof of house on hill 158 22 i mile. 

" Robertson Windmill " - 336 55 3-^ mile. 

WILMERS 

General locality. — .Southeastern shore of upper Chester River on southwest side of entrance to Soutli- 
ca.st Creek, about 175 yards northeast of Wilmers Wharf. (See progress map.) 

Innneiiialc locality. — Observed station is on a sanded grass point between river and marsh, aljout 3 
feet above high water. 7 yards east of shore, 5 yards southwest of shore, and 6 yards s.iutheast of extreme 
end of point. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle im standard cement monument projecting 5 
inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 

References. — o / // 

"Julius" (S 60° 34' W) o 00 00 >^ mile. 

Chimney on near one of twin houses 4 58 2% miles. 

East peak of large bam 27 14 z}4 miles. 

" Robertson Windmill " 74 09 30 f| mile. 

- Cupola on Robertson barn 83 23 ]4 mile. 

Flagpole on Rolphs Wharf 154 06 20 1^4 miles. 

Weather vane on large bam 169 23 iy4 miles. 

Cupola on bam 212 59 300 yards. 

Cupola on bam 284 57 s s mile. 

Right peak of Wilmers Wharf cannery 348 26 175 yards. 

ROBERTSON WINDMILL. 

General locality. — Northwestern side of upper Chester River opposite entrance to Southeast Creek, 
about ijj miles southeast of Rolphs Wharf. (See progress map.") 

Immediate locality.- — Observed station is on windmill on high tower in rear of house. 
Marks. — Observed station is center point of windmill. 
References. — None necessary. 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 87 

ROBERTSON. 

General locality. — Northwestern shore of upper Chester River near Riverside Wharf opposite entrance 
to Southeast Creek. (See Progress map.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is about 2 feet above high water, 5 yards northwest of shore, 
45 yards northeast of shore end of a wharf, and 100 yards southwest of a point of land. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 4 
inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 

References. — o / // 

"Thorsten" (N 52° 00' E) o 00 00 5 s mile. 

Weathervane on large bam 9 30 1}^ miles. 

Cupola on old barn 50 31 il4 miles. 

Chimney of house near Wilmers Wharf 97 11 J-s mile. 

Pinnacle on cupola on bam 105 15 % mile. 

Northwest peak of cannery. 117 41 X nii'^- 

Weathervane on cupola on bam 256 15 20 yi mile. 

Spindle on cupola on another bam 260 56 % mile. 

Spindle on peak of Rolphs lower wharf house 359 29 1 5^ miles. 

SOUTHEAST. 

General locality. — Southeastern shore of upper Chester River on Deep Point at northeastern side ol 
entrance to Southeast Creek about three-fourths mile south -southwest of Rolphs Wharf and one-half 
mile northeast of Wilmers Wharf. (See Progress map.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on cultivated land about 15 feet above high water, 19 yards 
south of edge of bank, 21 yards east by north of edge of bank, and 27 yards east by south of extreme 
point of bank. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 5 
inches above surface of ground. .Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 

Reference'!. — .° ' " 

" Wilmers' ' (S 57° 46' W) o 00 00 yi mile. 

Right tangent of Wilmers Wharf 2 57 }4 tniie. 

"Robertson Windmill" 34 41 20 ^ mile. 

Spindle on cupola on bam 38 02 }4 mile. 

Weathervane on cupola on bam .38 32 f^ mile. 

Near peak of long, small shanty 118 31 2 miles. 

Left peak of large bam 134 39 iK miles. 

Flagstaff on Rolphs Wharf house 140 54 10 yi mile. 

Right peak of long bam 191 46 ^ mile. 

I^ightning rod between two chimneys on 

house 248 51 J4 mile. 

Right peak of Wilmers Wharf cannerj- .... 358 34 s-^ mile. 

THORSTEN. 

General locality. — Northwestern shore of upper Chester River about three-fourths mile northeast of 
Wilmers Wharf and one-half mile north of entrance to Southeast Creek. (See Progress map.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is about 3 feet above high water, 12 yards northwest of shore, 
10 yards northeast of short fence, and 4 yards southeast of lone cedar tree. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 5 
inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 



■'i mile. 
1J-4 miles. 

I mile. 
js mile. 
1^4 miles. 

I mile. 

i}4 miles. 
8. 85 meters. 

2^ miles. 

^ mile. 
^ mile. 



88 Survey (>l Oystir liars, Ktut i'ouuty, Mil. 

References. — ° ' " 

" Blank " ( N 19" ,57' K) o 00 00 

Northwest peak of large barn, ... 4 ,i4 

Northwest peak of large barn 21 09 

Flagstaff on Rolphs Wharf 23 53 

Weathervane on very large barn 48 01 

West peak of bam behind wharf 81 03 

Lightning rod to right of two chimneys of 

house Ill 15 

Nail in blaze in fence post 115 15 30 

Top point of roof of large brick house on 

ridge 135 05 40 

Spindle on cupola on left one of two bams 

at Wilmers Wharf 177 08 40 

Northwest peak of Wilmers Wharf cannery • 190 15 

Nail in blaze in cedar tree (10 inches diam- 
eter) 279 43 30 3. 40 meters. 

BLANK. 

(iencral locality. — Northwestern shore of upper Chester River about one-fourth mile west of Rolphs 
Whiirf and three-fourths mile north of entrance to Southeast Creek. (See Progress map.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on a grassy point about 2 feet above high water. 7 yards 
west of .shire, g yards north of slnre. 8 yards northwest of extreme end of point, and 40 yards from a 
dense clump of trees. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 5 
inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 

References. — ° ' " 

"Rolphs" (N 82° 37' E). .. . .- o 00 00 

Weathervane on wharf house 10 19 

Left peak of wharf house 71 30 

Left peak of small house among trees 104 28 30 . . . 

Spindle on bam cupola 115 06 

Peak of middle dormer window of house. .'. . 271 38 

Peak of large bam 333 25 

Flagstaff on Rolphs Wharf lunise 356 27 

ROLPHS. 



J4 mile. 

X mile. 

}4 mile. 
iK miles. 
if^ miles. 
iJ4 miles. 

5-i mile. 

''4 mile. 



(ieiieral locahly. — Eastern shore of upper Chester River about 100 jards southeast of Rolphs Wharl 
and three-fourths mile north of entrance to Southeast Creek. (See Progress map.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on a grass bank between two large willow trees about 6 feet 
above high water, 5 yards northeast of shore, 19 yards south-southwest of side gate to yard, and 7 yards 
southwest of a road 3 feet higher than observed station. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument projecting 5 
inches above surface of ground. Subsurface mark is center of 2-inch tile pipe buried with top 2 inches 
below base of monument. 



SiirTcr of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Mil. 



89 



References. — 

"Southeast" (S 22° 53' W) o 00 00 

Peak of Wilraers Wharf cannery 15 06 

Flagstaff on Rolphs Wharf 76 59 

Nail in blaze in willow tree (24 inches diam- 
eter) 88 06 20 

Chimney on ell of Story house 151 36 

Nail in blaze in willow tree (27 inches diam- 
eter) 220 31 10 

Chimney on ell of Story house 261 56 

Nail in blaze in willow tree (25 inches diam- 
eter) 309 26 40 

Weathervane on middle of lower wharf 

house 347 4^ 



J< mile. 
1)4 miles. 
100 yards. 

7. 16 meters. 
S3 yards. 

13. 96 meters. 
120 yards. 

8. 51 meters. 
100 yards. 



BOUNDARlEvS OF OYSTER BARS. 

EXPLANATION. 

The law of the United States authorizing the cooperation of the Department of 
Commerce and Labor in the survey of natural oyster bars of Maryland provides for the 
designation and employment by the Department of Commerce and Labor of such officers, 
experts, and other technically qualified persons "as may be necessary to cooperate with 
the Maryland State Board of Shell Fish Commissioners in making a survey of and 
locating the natural oyster beds, bars, and rocks in the waters within the State of 
Maryland." The oyster laws of Maryland provide that the Maryland Shell Fish Com- 
missioners, with the aid of such persons as may be designated by the Government, shall 
proceed "to have laid out, surveyed, and designated on the said charts the natural 
beds and bars, and shall cause to be marked and defined as accurately as practicable 
the limits and boundaries of the natural beds, bars, and rocks as established by said 
survey, and they shall take true and accurate notes of said survey in writing, and make 
an accurate report of said survey, setting forth such a description of landmarks as mav 
be necessary to enable the said board, or their successors, to find and ascertain the 
boundary lines of the said natural oyster beds, bars, and rocks, as shown by a delinea- 
tion on the maps and charts." The oyster laws of Maryland also provide in another 
section that there shall "be made a true and accurate survey of the natural oyster 
beds, bars, and rocks * * * with reference to fixed and permanent objects on the 
shore, giving courses and distances, to be fully described and set out in a written report 
of said survey." 

Under the provisions of the laws quoted above the State of Maryland, in coopera- 
tion with the Department of Commerce and Labor, must define the boundaries of the 
natural oyster bars "as accurately as practicable" and also "with reference to fixed and 
permanent objects on the shore, giving courses and distances." The requirement of 
"as accurately as practicable" is easily fulfilled by definition of the location of the 
corners of the oyster bars by latitude and longitude. In fact, this method is probably 
the most satisfactory and accurate one that could be used for all purposes of legal 
definition or for relocation of the oyster-bar boundaries by competent engineers. There- 
fore the additional requirement of "giving courses and distances" is superfluous and 
is only fulfilled in the published definitions on account of the specific provisions of the 
law making it compulsory. This part of the description of boundaries has involved 
an immense amount of extra computations in order to prevent technical discrepancies 
between the latitude and longitude of a corner of an oyster bar and its distance and 
bearing from objects on shore of known latitude and longitude without adding anything 
to the accuracy and very little to the convenience of practical use of the descriptions 
of the oyster-bar boundaries. 

As provided by law the boundaries of the oyster bars are all straight lines, but in 
the work already completed they have inclosed areas of all shapes from triangles to 
9" 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 9a 

complicated 14-sided figures, and of all sizes from 4 acres to 7,548 acres. The sizes 
have varied in length from 93 to 7,529 yards, and in some cases the comers of the bound- 
aries have been practically at the triangulation stations from which they are located, 
while in other instances they were over 13,600 yards from the landmarks most available 
for the purpose of fixing their position. 

The varied characteristics of the legal boundaries of the oyster bars indicated by 
the above statement, together with the complicated requirements of the law under 
which the survey has been made and the magnitude of the work with the consequent 
need of fixed and uniform methods, have made the problem of describing the boundaries 
one of considerable difficulty and great importance. 

The boundaries of the oyster bars of Maryland, as establisiied by the Shell Fish 
Commission and delineated on the Coast and Geodetic Surs'ey charts and projections 
and on the leasing charts of the Commission, are technically defined and described by a 
method somewhat different from that used in other oyster surveys. But it is believed 
that the forms finally adopted will fulfill all needs of the survey for both the present 
and the future. 

METHOD OF DESCRIBING BOUNDARIES. 

The descriptions have been arranged in tabular form, thus avoiding many hundred 
repetitions of the same words by making one explanation of the tables sufficient for all 
oyster bars in each county. 

Title. — At the top of each tabular form is given the legal name of the oyster bar to 
be described, and the one by which it is known and designated in the published oyster 
records and on the oyster charts. The adopted name of the oyster bar is the one used 
locally, as nearly as could be ascertained by the hydrographic engineer of the Commis- 
sion; and when there was no local name in common use a name was selected from one 
of the prominent features of the vicinity that would naturally suggest the section of 
the waters where the oyster bar was located. 

Underneath the name, in parentheses, is given the general locality of the oyster 
bar and the serial number of the Maryland Oyster Chart on which its legal boundaries 
are shown.' 

First column. — This column, under the heading of "Corner of bar," gives the number 
corresponding to the corner of the boundary as shown on the charts and to the number 
on the buoy marking the actual corner of the bar. The numbers of the corners have 
been assigned by naming the southernmost point No. i, thence proceeding in a clock- 
wise direction around the bar. Where a corner of one oyster bar is identical with 
the corner of the boundaries of one or more other oyster bars, only the number of the 
corner of the oyster bar being described in the table is given in this column. 

Second and third columns. — These two columns, under the headings of "Latitude" 
and "Longitude," give the geographic positions of the corners. These positions have 
been adopted by the Commission as the primary technical definition of the location of 
the corners, and should be considered as final in case of a dispute arising from discrep- 
ancies caused by other means of location. The latitudes and longitudes given in these 
columns are based on the Ll^nited States standard datum of the Coast and Geodetic 
Survey, and the points thus defined can be relocated from distant triangulation stations 

* These cliflrts can be obtained by application to the Superintendent of the Coast and Geodetic Stirvej- at Washington, D. C. 



92 Survey of Oyster Bars, Keiil County, Md. 

of the survey, even though all the landmarks and buoys originally used for their loca- 
tion have been destroyed by natural or other causes. 

Fourth and fifth columns. — These two columns, under the general heading of "True 
bearing"' and the specific headings "Forward" and "Back," give bearings measured 
from a true north-and-south line. The three "Forward" bearings are from the corner 
of the boundary designated in the first column to the triangulation stations named on 
the corresponding lines in the last column, and the three "Back" bearings are from 
these same stations in the last column to the corresponding corner of boundarv in the 
first column. The difference in minutes of arc between the forward and back bearings 
shown in some cases is actual and not accidental, and is due to the fact that the com- 
putations took into account the spheroidal shape of the earth. 

Sixth column. — This column, under the heading of "Distance," gives the three 
computed distances in yards from the corner of the bar noted in the first column to the 
three triangulation stations named on the corresponding lines in the last column, and 
vice versa. 

Seventh column. — This column, under the heading of "U. S. C. & G. S. triangulation 
station,"^ gives the names of the landmarks from which were computed the corre- 
sponding "Latitude," "Longitude," "True bearing," and "Distance" of the "Comer 
the bar" designated in the first colimm. A full description of the location and markings 
of these triangulation stations is given in another part of this publication under the 
heading of "Descriptions of triangulation stations." 

SURVEYING METHODS FOR RELOCATION OF BOUNDARIES. 

There are a number of methods that can be used in the relocation of the actual 
boundaries of the natural oyster bars as technically described in this publication and 
delineated on the published charts of the Coast and Geodetic Survey and the leasing 
charts of the Shell Fish Commission. 

The following brief descriptions of five of these more or less different methods 
assume a certain amount of experience and knowledge on the part of the engineer in 
the particular kind of surveying under consideration, and are only intended as reminders 
of ways and means that can be used. 

There are two problems that are likely to present themselves to those interested in 
the boundaries of natural oyster bars: one, to determine whether the buoys marking 
the corners have been dragged or otherwise moved from their correct positions, and the 
other, to relocate or reestablish a buoy at the point from which it was removed. The 
different ways of solving these two problems partly depend upon the instruments 
possessed by the engineer and his assistants and partly on his training and experience. 

(i) Triangulation. — This method is the one that will give the greatest accuracy, but 
on account of its requiring special data and instruments, and being an operation rarely 
used by engineers not engaged in geodetic sur\-eying, it is recommended only for cases 
in dispute that can not be settled satisfactorily by some other method. An explana- 
tion of this dass of work would be too long for a report of this sort, and those not familiar 

' The mean magnetic variation for Kent County was 6* is' west of north in 1911 and increasing at the rate of s' yearly. 
- Geographic positions of these triangulation stations can be obtained by application to the Superintendent of the Coast and 
Geodetic Survey, Washington. B. C. 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 93 

with this method are referred to the publications on the subject by the Coast and Geo- 
detic Survey. 

(2) Hydrographic.—1h\s method is the most simple and satisfactory one that can 
be adopted if the surveyor can obtain the use of the necessary instruments and assistants. 
It is the one best suited for the work of the engineers of the Commission in relocating 
comers of boundaries, as it gives results of the accuracy ordinarily required and is rapid 
in execution. Besides, it has the advantage of being available whenever three triangu- 
lation stations of suitable relative positions are visible from the offshore points needing 
relocation. . 

Most navigators and others familiar with the use of a sextant are well acquamted 
with the graphic three-point method of fixing a position on water, and only a brief 
description of the operation will be stated. 

In the case where there is only one engineer having a single sextant, the three-pomt 
method can be used if the two angles determining the position of a buoy are first derived 
from the "Forward" bearings given in the tabular forms describing the boundaries of 
the oyster bars. For example, take " Phoenix Shoal" oyster bar, which is the first one 
described in this publication, and assume that "Corner No. 3," is to be examined as to 
its position. The angle between the two landmarks "Worton Point 2" and "Pooles 
Island 2 " as determined from right to left from the forward bearings from this corner is 
132° 04' and the angle between " Pooles Island 2 " and "Bramble" is 68° 13'. Having 
these two angles, the engineer proceeds to the buoy of doubtful location and measures 
the actual sextant angles between the landmarks for which the calculations were made.. 
If the measured and calculated angles do not agree the buoy is not in its correct position 
and the boundary corner must be relocated. This is accomplished by moving the boat 
about until a point is reached where the angles do agree, and this point being the desired 
location, the buoy can be placed in its correct posirion. 

If the engineer can obtain the use of both a sextant and a three-arm protractor 
("position finder"), the availability of the hydrographic method is increased, as the use 
of the protractor is essential in case of the washing away or destruction of one or more 
of the landmarks originally used in describing the boundaries. Under these circum- 
stances, any three landmarks of suitable relative position that are visible from the 
point to be located can be utilized. For example, the engineer can proceed to the buoy 
of doubtful position and measure the two adjacent sextant angles between the three 
landmarks selected. These two angles are set off on the three-arm protractor and the 
actual position of the buoy plotted on the chart by shifting the protractor about until 
the edge of each of the three arms passes through the center of the symbols on the 
chart marking the position of the three landmarks selected. The center of the hub of 
the protractor will indicate on the chart the actual position of the buoy, and if the 
point thus obtained does not coincide with the true position of the corner of the boundary 
as given on the chart, the surveyor can proceed to locate the buoy correctly by reversmg 
the operation. This is done by placing the center point of the hub of the protractor 
over the corner of the boundary in question and measuring on the chart the two adja- 
cent protractor angles between the three selected landmarks. One of the angles thus 
obtained is set on the sextant and the boat moved about unUl the two landmarks are 
shown by the sextant to subtend the same angle obtained from the protractor. The 



94 Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 

second angle is then placed on the sextant and the same operation gone through, and 
so on, first using one angle on the sextant then the other until a point is. reached where 
both observed sextant angles are practically identical with the protractor angles. The 
point thus located is the desired one and the buoy can be placed to mark the true posi- 
tion of the corner of the boundary in question. 

If the engineer possesses two sextants and a protractor, this problem is far easier 
of solution, as the two angles can be set off on separate sextants and the observer can 
quickly find the desired point where they agree with the protractor angles by using one 
sextant after the other without the need of resetting either. 

If there are two observers, two sextants, and a protractor, it can be seen that the 
best conditions for both rapid and accurate hydrographic location of a point is attained. 
In fact, this is the method by which the buoys at the corners of the boundaries were 
originally placed by the hydrographic engineer to the JZommission. 

(3) Magnetic hearings from offshore. — This method of fixing a position on water is 
a simple and well-known one in navigation. It is available to anyone having a boat 
compass and will be of special use to the State fishery force in investigating cases where 
buoys are supposed to have been moved for illegal purposes. 

In the case where a buoy is supposed to have been moved from its true position the 
observer can take compass bearings to the three landmarks given in the last column of 
the tables opposite the boundary corner in question. These bearings are then corrected 
for the local declination,' and if the results agree with the published bearings the buov 
is correctly located. 

In the case where the buoy is not in its correct position, or has disappeared altogether, 
the desired point can be determined by maneuvering the vessel until the corrected bearings 
agree with the ones in the tabular descriptions, when the buoy can be anchored in its 
proper location . 

In the case where the landmarks, for which the bearings are published, have been 
destroyed or washed away, any landmarks whose positions are indicated on the charts 
can be used. This can be done by getting their bearings directly from the chart bv 
parallel rulers or a protractor and then applying these new bearings in the same manner 
as the ones published in the tables. 

(4) Magnetic bearmgs from shore. — This method will be of special value to engineers 
having an ordinary surveyor's compass. The compass can be set over the point mark- 
ing a " triangulation station" on shore, the name of which is given in the last column 
opposite the "corner" in question. The instrument is then set at the corresponding 
"back" bearing (corrected for local magnetic declination) given in the fifth column 
of the tables opposite the "corner" in question. The direction thus determined will 
give one range on which the desired point must be located. The compass can then be 
moved to a second triangulation station and another range located in a similar manner. 
The intersection of these two range lines will give the desired point; but in general it 
should be checked by an additional range line determined from a third station. 

(5) Horizontal angles fneasured at landmarks. — This process is a modification of the 
triangulation method, and will be useful to engineers who have a transit and desire 
considerable accuracy. 



^ The mean magnetic variation for Kent County is 6* 15' west of north in 1911 and increasing at the rate of 5' yearly. 



Survey of Oyster Bars. Kent County. Md. 



95 



The instrument is placed over a " triangulatiou station," the name of which appears 
in the last column of the tabular description opposite the "corner" in question. The 
telescope is then pointed to the landmark indicated in the "Descriptions of landmarks" 
as having a direction of o° oo" oo" from the triangulation station being occupied by the 
transit. The tabular description of the boundaries is next examined and the "back" 
bearing of the questionable boundary "corner" from the landmark being occupied is 
taken out. The angle calculated from this "back" bearing and the bearing given in 
parentheses alongside the zero landmark in the "Descriptions of landmarks" is then 
set off on the transit and a range line established on which the desired point must be 
located. A similar process is then carried on at a second station, and so on until the 
position of the buoy is satisfactorily fixed. 

BOUNDARIES OF NATURAL OYSTER BARS. 

PHOENIX SHOAL. 

{Chesapeake Bay— Chart A'u. ^<V. j 



u°u 


Latitude 


Longitude 


True bearing 


Distance 


U. S. C. & G. S. triangula- 


bar 


Forward 


Back 


tion station 


I 


39 17 05.86 


76 12 43. 96 


N 30 43 E 
N 86 00 W 
S 16 23 W 


S 30 44 W 
S 86 01 E 
N 16 23 E 


Yards. 
4821 

47Q2 

3737 


Worton Point 2. 
Ponies Island 2. 
Bramble. 


^ 


39 17 °9-44 


76 12 52. 05 


N 33 37 E 
N 87 17 W 
S 12 48 w 


S ii 38 w 
S 87 18 E 
N 12 48 E 


4830 
4574 
3800 


Worton Point 2. 
Pooles Island 2. 
Bramble. 


3 


39 17 32. q6 


76 12 37. 70 


N ^i; 26 E 
S 83 22 W 

S 15 OQ W 


S 3s 27 W 
N 83 20 E 
N 15 09 E 


3964 
4978 
4661 


Worton Point 2. 
Pooles Island 2. 
Bramble. 


4 


39 17 29. oS 


76 12 28.86 


N IT 3=; E 
S 85 OS W 
S 18 23 w 


vS V 36 W 
N 8s 03 E 
N 18 22 E 


3945 
Siqi; 
4602 


Worton Point 2. 
Ponies T.hmd 2. 
Bramble 



DEEP SHOAL. 

(Chesapeakt Ba-:— Chart No. 2-S. 



I 


39 14 46.00 


76 


13 47. 63 1 N 

N 
S 


28 31 E 

31 37 W 
18 29 W 


2 


30 14 47-95 


76 


14 00. So 


N 
N 
S 


42 01 E 
29 01 W 
II og W 


3 


39 15 19. 80 


76 


13 54- 11 


S 

s 

N 


10 30 W 
89 26 E 
36 50 W 


4 


39 15 15-75 


76 


13 37- 10 


S 

N 

1" 


17 38 W 
69 12 E 
3954W 



S 28 31 W 

S 31 38 E 
N iS 29 E 

S 43 or W 
S 2g 02 K 
N II CQ E 



5935 

2754 

i4n5 
5704 
2729 



Bramble. 

Pooles Island 2. 
Mitchells Bluff : 

Bramble. 
Pooles Island 2. 
Mitchells Bluff • 



N 10 30 E 


-81; 


Mitchell-- Bluff 2. 


N 89 -26 W 
S 36 51 E 


793 
4895 


BratnMe. 
Pooles Island 2. 


N 17 38 E 
S 69 12 W 

S 39 55 E 

1 


3793 
363 
5281 


Mitchells Bluff 2. 
Bramble. 
Pooles Island 2. 



96 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 



COAL LUMP. 
{Chesapeake Bay — Chart No. 28.) 



Cor- 


Latitude 


Longitude 


True bearing 


Distance 


U. S. C. & G S. triangula- 


of 
bar 


Forward 


Back 


tion station 


1 


3Q 


14 38- 93 


/ // 

. 76 14 47- 98 


/ 

S 16 40 E 

N 58 03 E 
N 16 07 W 


N 16 40 W 

S 58 03 w 
S 16 08 E 


Yards. 

2477 
2591 
5508 


Mitchells Bluff 2. 
Bramble. 
Pooles Island 2. 


2 


Z9 


14 39- 91 


76 15 05. 52 


S 25 57 E 
N 63 17 E 
N II 30 W 


i N 2s s6 W 
S 63 i8 W 

Is II 30 E 


2675 
2975 
5366 


Mitchells Bluff 2. 
Bramble. 
Pooles Island 2. 


3 


39 


15 26. 40 


7'' 15 '5- 75 


S 19 54 E 

vS 85 30 E 
N 12 lb W 


, N 19 S4 W 
N 8s 31 W 
S 12 ,6 E 


4226 
2935 
3776 


Mitchells Bluff 2. 
Bramble. 
Pooles Island 2. 


4 


39 


15 22. 30 


76 14 41.05 


S 7 SI E 
S 87 24 E 
N 24 05 W 


N 7 so W 
N 87 ^3 W 
S 24 06 E 

1 


.3871 
2018 
4195 


Mitchells Bluff 2. 
Bramble. 
Pooles Island 2. 



GALES LUMPS. 
(Cheapeake Bay — Charl No. 28.) 




Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 

MITCHELLS BLUFF BUOY. 
{Chesapeake Bay — Chart No. 28.) 



97 



Cor- 






True bearing 






ner 


Latitude 


longitude 






Distance 


U. S. C. & G. S. triangula- 


of 






tion station 


bar 






Forward 


Back 








/ // 


, „ 


, 


/ 


Yards. 




I 


39 12 46. 80 


76 16 23.97 


N 6 12 E 


S 6 12 W 


9127 


Pooles Island 2. 








N 80 20 W 


S 80 24 E 


11626 


Craighill Channel Light 
(Rear Range). 








S 75 33 W 


N 75 29 E 


11841 


Craighill Channel Light 
(Front Range). 


2 


39 12 58. 32 


76 16 28. 50 


N 7 IS E 


S 7 IS w 


8755 


Pooles Island 2. 








N 82 09 W 


S 82 14 E 


1 1449 


Craighill Channel Light 
(Rear Range). 








S 73 35 W 


N 73 31 E 


11829 


Craighill Channel Light 
(Front Range). 


3 


39 13 11.93 


76 15 50. 42 


N 45 E 


S 4S w 


8226 


Pooles Island 2 . 








N 84 53 W 


S 84 57 E 


12390 


Craighill Channel Light 
(Rear Range). 








S 72 53 W 


N 72 48 E 


12918 


Craighill Channel Light 
(Front Range). 


4 


39 13 00. 00 


76 15 45. 28 


N II W 


S II E 


8621 


Pooles Island 2 . 








N 83 06 W 


S 83 II E 


12567 


Craighill Channel Light 
(Rear Range). 








S 74 46 W 


N 74 41 E 


12936 


Craighill Channel Light 














(Front Range). 



TOLCHEvSTER LUMP. 
{Chesapeake Bay — Chart No. 28.) 



I 


39 


12 52.81 


76 


14 51. 48 


N 33 37 E 
N 9 13 W 
N 82 48 W 


S 33 31 W 
S 9 13 E 
S 82 54 E 


1448 
8985 
13996 


Mitchells Bluff 2. 
Pooles Island 2. 
Craighill Channel 
(Rear Range). 


Light 


2 


39 


12 5.5-41 


76 


15 00. 00 


N 42 31 E 
N 7 53 W 
N 83 03 W 


S 42 31 W 
S 7 53 E 
S 83 09 E 


1517 
8865 
13764 


Mitchells Bluff 2. 
Pooles Island 2. 
Craighill Channel 
(Rear Range). 


Light 


3 


39 


13 18. 14 


76 


14 49. 58 


N 64 55 E 
N 10 31 W 
N 86 19 W 


S 64 55 W 
S 10 ^2 E 
S 86 24 E 


830 
8153 
13965 


Mitchells Bluff 2. 
Pooles Island 2. 
Craighill Channel 
(Rear Range). 


Light 


4 


39 


13 15.80 


76 


14 41. 60 


N SI 33 E 
N II 50 W 
N 86 03 W 


S 51 33 W 
S II SI E 
S 86 08 E 


693 
8270 
14180 


Mitchells Bluff 2. 
Pooles Island 2. 
Craighill Channel 
(Rear Range). 


Light 



I4126 — 12 7 



98 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 

HODGES. 
(Chesapeake Bay — Chart No. 28.) 



I ' 39 10 21.87 



•jX) 1 1 00. 00 



76 16 48. 10 



76 16 53. 07 



76 15 34- 17 



76 16 06. 10 



76 16 34. 24 



True bearing 



N 57 43 W 

S 80 15 W 
S I 02 E 

N 62 34 W 

N 86 ii W 

S 66 30 W 

N I 35 W 

N 70 38 W 



N 2 18 E 
N 64 06 W 

S 76 42 W 

N 61 39 W 

N 84 14 W 

S 68 56 W 



S 57 47 E 

N 80 10 E 

N I 02 W 

vS 62 38 E 

S 86 37 E 

N 66 25 E 

S I 35 E 

S 70 43 E 

N 72 27 E 

S 2 18 W 

S 64 II E 

N 76 37 E 

S 61 44 E 

S 84 19 E 

N 68 51 E 



\ ards. 
12807 ' Craighill Channel Light 

I (Rear Range). 
12393 Seven Foot Knoll Light. 
3664 : Swan Point 3. 



12053 
10697 
14762 

11610 

13532 

14839 

12922 
13261 

13684 

12715 

"253 

15036 



Craighill Channel Light 

(Rear Range I. 
Craighill Channel Light 

(Front Range). 
Bodkin Point (Old 

Tower) . 

Pooles Island 2. 
Craighill Channel Light 

(Rear Range). 
Seven Foot Knoll Light. 

Pooles Island 2. 
Craighill Channel Light 

(Rear Range). 
Seven Foot Knoll Light. 

Craighill Channel Light 

(Rear Range). 
Craighill Channel Light 

(Front Range). 
Bodkin Point (Old 

Tower). 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 

SWAN POINT. 
(Chesapeake Bay — Charts Nos. 28 and 2g.) 



99 



Cor- 


Latitude 


Longitude 


Truebeaiiug 


Distance 


U. S. C. & G. S. triangula- 


bar 


Forward 


Back 


tion station 


I 


39 05 39- 09 


76 


16 48. 20 


S 23 51 E 
N 47 48 E 
N 40 E 


N 24 00 W 
S 47 49 W 
S 40 W 


Yards. 
8732 
4158 
5875 


Wickes Beach. 
Stevens. 
Swan Point 3. 


2 


39 °7 2°- 67 


76 


17 51- 73 


N 35 21 E 
N 48 44 W 

N 82 50 W 


S 3s 22 W 
S 48 47 E 

S 82 54 E 


3002 
12192 

12102 


Swan Point 3. 

Craigliill Channel Light 

(Front Range). 
Bodkin Point (Old 

Tower). 


3 


39 °7 25- II 


76 


19 00. 00 


N 56 55 E 
N 43 03 W 

N 82 25 W 


S 56 57 W 
S 43 06 E 

S 82 29 E 


4213 
10797 

10293 


Swan Point 3. 

Craighill Channel Light 

(Front Range). 
Bodkin Point (Old 

Tower). 


4 


39 08 50. 00 


7-6 


19 00. 00 


N 36 34 W 
N 55 42 W 
S 81 36 W 


S 36 37 E 
S 55 45 E 
N 81 32 E 


12369 
8922 
10314 


Craighill Channel Light 

(Rear Range). 
Craighill Channel Light 

(Front Range). 
Bodkin Point (Old 

Tower). 


5 


39 10 25. 76 


76 


17 01.90 


N 57 20 W 

S 79 2 1 W 
vS 6 27 E 


S 57 25 E 

N 79 16 E 
N 6 27 W 


12431 

12059 
3818 


Craighill Channel Light 

(Rear Range). 
Seven Foot Knoll Light. 
Swan Point 3 . 


6 


39 10 21. 87 


76 


16 48. 10 


N 57 43 W 

S 80 15 W 
S I 02 E 


S 57 47 E 

N 80 10 E 
N I 02 \V 


12807 

12393 
3664 


Craighill Channel Light 

(Rear Range). 
Seven Foot Knoll Light. 
Swan Point 3. 


7 


39 08 24. 73 


76 


17 29. 16 


N 42 06 W 
S 86 58 VV 
S 4 15 E 


S 42 10 E 
N 87 03 E 
N 4 15 W 


14543 
12607 
10116 


Craighill Channel Light 

(Rear Range). 
Bodkin Point (Old 

Tower). 
Love Point Light. 


8 


39 08 05. 36 


76 


17 05-35 


N 74 27 E 
N 28 53 E 
N 89 59 W 


S 74 28 W 
S 28 55 W 
N 89 56 E 


2301 

i°7S 
13214 


Gratitude. 
Swan Point 3. 
Bodkin Point (Old 
Tower) . 


9 


39 °7 51- 73 


76 


17 20. 18 


N 67 33 E 
N 32 58 E 
N 87 56 W 


S 67 34 w 
S 32 59 W 
S 88 01 E 


2819 
1670 
12833 


Gratitude. 
Swan Point 3. 
Bodkin Point (Old 
Tower). 


10 


39 06 46. 38 


76 


17 02. 03 


S 19 E 
N 81 21 E 
N 6 50 E 


N 19 W 
S 81 22 W 
S 6 so W 


6756 
3483 
3631 


Love Point Light. 

Stevens. 

Swan Point 3. 


II 


39 06 41. 57 


76 


16 21. 77 


S 8 47 W 
N 73 58 E 
N 9 26 W 


N 8 48 E 
S 73 59 W 
S 9 26 E 


6687 
2483 
3819 


Love Point Light. 

Stevens. 

Swan Point 3. 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 



SWAN CREEK. 
{Swan Creek — Chart No. 28.) 



Cor- 


Latitude 


Longitude 


True bearing 


Distance 


U. S. C. & G. S. triangula- 


of 
bar 


Forward 


Back 


tion station 




, // 


/ // 


/ 


/ 


^'ards. 




I 


39 09 09. 48 


76 15 15. 10 


S 42 19 w 
N 57 02 W 
N 28 28 W 


N 42 18 E 
S 57 02 E 
S 28 29 E 


3,38 
431 

770 


Fork. 

Elliasoii. 

Uric. 


2 


39 09 10. 05 


76 15 25.67 


S 72 32 E 
N 40 II E 
N 7 45 W 


N 72 31 W 
S 40 II w 
S. 7 45 E 


480 
408 
664 


Rail. 

Spike. 

Urie. 


3 


39 09 13- 10 


76 15 27- 13 


S 42 41 E 
N 55 18 E 
N 25 47 E 


N 42 41 W 
S 55 18 W 
S 25 47 w 


'033 
367 
706 


Haven. 
Spike. 
Corr. 


4 


30 09 12. 78 


76 15 15-30 


S 31 35 W 
N 70 56 W 
N 32 37 W 


N 31 35 E 
S 70 56 E 
S 32 37 E 


423 
377 
671 


Fork. 

EUiason. 

Urie. 



ROCKHALL. 
(Swan Creek — Charts Nos. 28 and 2g 1 



I 


39 08 53. 00 


76 


15 02. 98 


N 17 48 W 
N 60 41 W 
S 74 00 W 


S 17 48 E 
S 60 42 E 
N 74 00 E 


453 
626 

1020 


Rail. 
Fork. 
Orchard. 


2 


39 08 54. 20 


76 


15 14-33 


N 22 14 E 
N 42 57 W 
S 64 46 W 


S 22 14 W 
S 42 i;7 E 
N 64 46 E 


422 
363 

755 


Rail. 
Fork. 
Orchard. 


3 


39 08 58. 57 


76 


15 05-23 


N 18 04 W 
N 76 19 W 
S 6^, 02 W 


S 18 04 E 
S 76 19 E 
N 63 01 E 


256 

501 
1035 


Rail. 
Fork. 
Orchard. 



WHITE HORSE. 

(Swan Creek — Chart' Nos. 28 and 2g.) 



I 


39 08 44. 82 


76 15 18.15 


N 20 12 E 
N 14 II W 
S 89 28 W 


S 20 12 w 
S 14 II E 

N 89 28 E 


754 
600 
583 


Rail. 
Fork. 
Orchard. 


2 


39 08 51. 58 


76 15 19. 85 


S 86 15 E 
N 16 08 W 
S 66 33 W 


N 86 15 W 
S 16 08 E 

N 66 32 E 


510 
369 
586 


Haven. 

Fork. 

Orchard. 


3 


39 08 54- 20 


76 15 14-33 


N 22 14 E 
N 42 57 W 
S 64 46 w 


S 22 14 W 
S 42 57 E 
N 64 46 E 


422 
363 

755 


Rail. 
Fork. 
Orchard. 


4 


39 08 48. 40 


76 15 12.32 


N 76 39 E 
N ?3 03 W 
S 80 16 W 


S 76 39 W 
S 33 03 E 
N 80 16 E 


320 
550 
746 


Haven. 

Fork. 

Orchard. 


5 


39 08 47. 37 


76 15 15-93 


N 75 02 E 
N 22 29 W 
S 81 53 W 


S 75 02 W 
S 22 29 E 
N 81 53 E 


420 
537 
647 


Haven. 

Fork. 

Orchard. 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 



THE HAVEN. 
(Sivan Creek — Charts Nos. 2S and 2g.) 



Cor- 


Latitude 


Longitude 


True bearing 


Distance 


U. S. C. & G. S. triangula- 


of 
bar 


Forward Back 


tion station 




/■ // 


/ // 


/ 


/ 


Yards. 




I 


39 08 38. 00 


76 15 02.73 


N 7 57 E 
N 8 48 W 
N 34 12 W 


S 7 =57 W 
S 8 i8 E 
S 34 12 E 


429 
946 
982 


Haven. 
Rail. 

Fork. 


2 


39 08 43. 86 


76 15 II. 20 


N 51 09 E 
N 5 59 E 
N 16 57 W 


S 51 09 W 
S '6 00 W 
S 16 57 E 


362 
744 
i6ii 


Haven. 
Rail. 

Urie. 


3 


39 08 46. 15 


76 15 08.73 


N 55 23 E S 55 23 W 
N I 05 E S I 05 W 
N 27 23 W S 27 23 E 


264 
662 
1 149 


Haven. 

Rail. 

Elliason. 


4 


39 oS 41. 23 


76 15 00. 77 


N I 26 E S I 26 W 
N 40 38 W S 40 38 E 
N 64 17 W S 64 17 E 


316 

027 
402 


Saven. 

Fork. 

Treasure. 



DEEP LANDING HOLE. 
{S-aian Creek — Charts Nos. 28 and 2g.) 




LITTLE NECK. 
(Swan Creek — Charts Nos. 28 and 2Q.) 



I 


39 08 14. 80 


76 16 02. 94 


N 62 42 E 

N 8 24 W 
N 60 55 W 


S 62 42 w 
S 8 24 E 
S 60 55 E 


650 

873 
1282 


Gratitude. 

Bank. 

,Swan Point 3 . 


2 


39 08 28.87 


76 16 ox. 60 


S 71 59 E 
N 22 41 W 
N 82 41 W 


N 71 59 W 
S 22 41 E 
S 82 41 E 


571 
421 
1 165 


Gratitude. 

Bank. 

Svpan Point 3. 


3 


39 oS 38. 08 


76 15 46.39 


N 35 39 E 
N 82 04 W 
S 16 21 E 


S 35 39 W 
S 82 05 E 
N 16 21 W 


273 
568 
507 


Orchard . 

Bank. 

Gratitude. 


4 


39 08 35- 73 


76 15 44. 00 


N 17 45 E 
N 75 SI W 
S II 07 E 


S 17 45 W 
S 75 SI E 
N II 07 W 


316 
644 
416 


Orchard. 

Bank. 

Gratitude. 



Sitrvcy oj Oyster Bars, Kent Comity, iXJd. 



TAVERN CREEK. 
{Tavern Creek — -Charts Nos. 28 and 2g.) 



Cor- 


Latitude 


Longitude 


True bearing 


Distance 


U. S. C. & G. S. triangula- 


of 

bar 


Forward 


Back 


tion station 




/ • // 





/ // 


/ 


/ 


Yards. 




I 


39 08 27. SI 


76 


16 II. 76 


S 80 so E 
N 13 29 E 
N 77 40 W 


N 80 so W 
S 13 29 w 
S 77 40 E 


819 
447 
909 


Gratitude. 

Bank. 

Swan Point 3 . 


2 


39 08 30. 27 


76 


16 IS. 46 


S 76 09 E 
N 30 31 E 
N 82 43 W 


N 76 08 W 
S 30 32 W 
S 82 43 E 


934 
397 
797 


Gratitude. 

Bank. 

Swan Point 3. 


3 


39 08 40. 79 


76 


16 02.68 


S 44 37 E 
N 77 28 E 
N 2 2S E 


N 44 37 W 
S 77 28 W 
S 2 25 W 


812 
602 
592 


Gratitude. 

Orchard. 

Tavern. 


4 


39 08 38. 68 


76 


15 59-86 


S 44 24 E 
N 68 32 E 

N 4 15 W 


N 44 24 W 
S 68 32 W 
S 4 15 E 


710 

551 
664 


Gratitude. 
Orchard. 

Tavern . 



WINDMILL FLATS. 

{Entrance Rockliall Harbor — Chart No. zg.) 



I 


39 07 43- 39 


76 


15 55-17 


S 50 19 E 
N 66 52 E 

N 38 12 W 


N 50 ig W 
S 66 52 W 

S 38 13 E 


2192 

1344 
2140 


Stevens. 
Windmill Point. 
Swan Point 3. 


2 


39 08 OS- 7S 


76 


16 00. s6 


S 40 20 E 
N 40 28 E 
N 51 52 W 


N 40 19 W 
S 40 29 w 

S 51 53 E 


2825 
793 
1504 


Stevens 
Gratitude. 
Swan Point 3. 


3 


39 08 08.86 


76 


15 40. 29 


S 68 37 E 
N 2 00 W 
N 64 21 W 


N 68 37 W 
S 2 00 E 
S 64 22 E 


908 

499 
1902 


Windmill Point. 
Gratitude. 
Swan Point 3. 


4 


39 07 55- 20 


76 


15 15.66 


S ig 51 E 
N 56 43 E 
N 34 42 W 


N 19 51 W 
S 56 43 w 
S 34 43 E 


1912 

237 
1167 


Stevens. 
Windmill Point. 
Gratitude. 



MUDDY DRAIN. 
{Entrance Rocltliall Harbor — Chart No. 2g.) 



39 07 II. 20 


76 


IS 47- 38 


S 78 02 E 
N 32 3S E 
N 28 5S W 


N 78 02 W 
S 32 36 W 
S 28 55 E 


1515 
1915 
3162 


Stevens. 
Windmill Point. 
Swan Point 3 . 




39 07 20. 43 


76 


16 10. 52 


S 73 22 E 
N SI 32 E 
N 20 33 W 


N 73 21 W 
S SI 33 W 
S 20 33 E 


2182 
2094 
2624 


Stevens. 
Windmill Point. 
Swan Point 3 . 




39 oS 01. 67 


76 


16 23. 83 


S 50 26 E 
N 56 40 E 
N 28 12 W 


N so 25 W 
S 56 40 W 
S 28 12 E 


3165 
1348 
1210 


Stevens. 
Gratitude. 
Swan Point 3. 




39 08 05. 75 


76 


16 00. 56 


S 40 20 E 
N 40 29 E 
N SI S2 W 


N 40 19 W 
S 40 29 W 
S SI S3 E 


2825 
793 
1504 


Stevens. 
Gratitude. 
Swan Point 3. 





Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 

HUNTINGFIELD. 
(Entrance Rockhall Harbor — Chart No. SQ.) 



1 03 



Cor- 


latitude 


Longitude 


True bearing 


Distance 


U. S. C. & G. S. triangula- 


of 
bar 


Forward 


Back 


tion station 


I 


39 07 03. 80 


76 15 28. 48 


S 86 16 E 
N 16 01 E 
N 33 52 W 


N 86 IS W . 
S 16 oi W 
S 33 53 E 


Yards. 

988 

1939 

3634 


Stevens. 
Windmill Point. 
Swan Point 3. 


2 


39 07 11.20 


76 15 47- 38 


S 78 02 E 
N 32 35 E 
N 28 55 W 


N 78 02 W 
S 32 36 W 
S 28 55 E 


151S 
1915 
3162 


vStevens. 
Windmill Point. 
Swan Pointy. 


3 


39 07 43-39 


76 15 55- 17 


S so 19 E 
N 66 52 E 
N 38 12 W 


N 50 19 W 
vS 66 52 W 
S 38 13 E 


2192 

1344 
2140 


Stevens. 
Windmill Point. 
Swan Point 3. 


4 


30 07 55- -'0 


76 15 15. 66 


S 19 SI E 
N s6 43 E 
N 34 42 W 


N 19 51 W 
S s6 43 W 
S 34 43 E 


1912 
1167 


Stevens. 
Windmill Puiiil. 
Gratitude. 


5 


39 07 45- 55 


76 14 58. 40 


N 44 34 W 
N 60 14 W 
S 7 33 E 


S 44 35 E 
S 60 15 E 
N 7 S3 W 


2597 
3243 
1485 


Bank. 

Swan Point 3. 

Stevens. 


6 


39 07 J 5. 9b 


76 14 57- 43 


N 10 s6 W 
N 47 27 W 
S 22 38 W 


S 10 56 E 
S 47 26 E 

N 22 37 E 


1480 
3856 
8416 


Windmill Point. 
Swan Point 3. 
Love Point Light. 



GUM SPRING. 
(Entrance Chester River — Chart No. 29.) 



I 


39 06 18. 23 


76 


15 ot. 87 


N II 00 E 
N 3° 53 W 
S 28 12 W 


S 1 1 00 W 
S 30 S4 E 
N 28 II E 


I soo 
5306 
6605 


Stevens. 
Swan Point 3. 
Love Point Light. 


2 


39 °<) 34- 48 


76 


15 26.56 


N 45 20 E 
N 9 39 E 
N 27 23 W 


S 45 20 W 
S 9 39 w 
S 27 24 E 


131S 

• 2893 

4512 


Stevens. 
Windmill Point. 
Swan Point 3. 


3 


39 07 01. 33 


76 


15 09.20 


N 87 45 E 
N 51 E 
N 39 13 W 


S 87 45 W 
S 51 W 
S 39 14 E 


479 
1947 
4003 


Stevens. 
Windmill Point. 
Swan Point 3. 



i()4 



Survey oj Oyster Bars, Kent County, Aid. 

WHITE MARSH. 
{Entrance Chester River — Chart No. 2Q.) 



Car- 






True bearing 








Latitude 


Longitude 






Distance 




ol 
bar 


Forward 


Back 


tion station 




o / // 


/ // 


/ 


/ 


Yards. 




I 


39 04 59. 92 


76 14 II- ss 


N 14 08 W 
N 29 21 W 


S 14 08 E 
%S 29 22 E 


4241 
8253 


Stevens. 
Swan Point 3. 








S 54 25 W 


N 54 24 E 


5466 


Love Point Light. 


2 


39 OS °4- 52 


76 14 39. 16 


N 4 29 W 

S 48 07 w 
S I 09 E 


S 4 29 E 
N 48 06 E 
N I 09 W 


3970 
4996 
6822 


Stevens. 

Love Point Light. 

Wickes Beach. 


3 


39 °5 32- 80 


76 15 16. 79 


N 12 43 E 
N 20 s8 W 


S 12 44 w 
S 20 59 E 


3081 
6518 


Stevens. 
Swan Point t,. 








S 32 28 W 


N 32 27 E 


5085 


Love Point Light. 


4 


39 06 34. 48 


76 15 26. 56 


N 45 20 E 
N 9 39 E 


S 45 20 W 
S 9 -,9 W 


1315 
2893 


Stevens. 
Windmill Point. 








N 27 23 W 


S 27 24 E 


4512 


Swan Point 3. 




30 06 18. 23 


76 IS 01.87 


N II 00 E 


S II 00 \v 


1500 


Stevens. 








N 30 54 W 
S 28 12 W 


S 30 54 E 
N 28 II E 


5306 
6605 


Swan Point 3. 
Love Point Light. 


6 


39 06 01. 63 


76 14 3S- °7 


N II 37 W 
N 33 so W 
S 36 02 W 


S II 38 E 
S 33 SI E 
N 36 00 E 


2075 
6157 
6506 


Stevens. 
Swan Point 3. 
Love Point Light. 



UNDER THE BAR. 

{Entrance Chester River — Chart No. 2Q.) 



I 


39 OS 32. 80 


76 


15 16. 79 N 12 43 E 
N 20 58 W 

S 32 28 W 


S 12 44 W 
S 20 59 E 

N 32 27 E 


3081 
6518 

5085 


Stevens. 
Swan Point 3. 
Love Point Light. 


2 


39 05 57. 81 


76 


15 50. 02 S 13 04 E 

N ^i; 40 E 

N 15 33 W 


N 13 04 W 
S 35 41 W 
S 15 34 E 


8847 
2661 
5442 


Wickes Beach. 
Stevens. 
Swan Point 3. 


3 


39 06 34. 48 

1 


76 


11^ 26. S6 N 45 20 E 
N 9 39 E 
N 27 23 W 


S 45 20 W 
S 9 39 W 
S 27 24 E 


1315 
2893 
4512 


Stevens. 
Windmill Point. 
Swan Point 3 . 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent Comity, Mil. 

HICKORY THICKET. 

{Entrance Chester River — Chart No. 2g.) 



105 



Cor- 


Latitude 


Longitude 




True bearing 


Distance 


U. S. C. & G. S. triangula- 


of 










hai- 








Forward 


Back 








, ./ 


/ „ 




/ 


, 


Yards. 




I 


39 03 06. 52 


76 14 54. 74 


N 
N 
S 


43 E 
79 00 W 
10 54 E 


S 043 w 
S 79 01 E 
N 10 54 VV 


7937 
3373 
2894 


Stevens. 

Love Point Light. 

Wickes Beach. 


2 


39 °3 35- 38 


76 14 49. 45 


N 

vS 

s 


20 W 

8433 w 

6 06 E 


S 20 E 
N 84 31 E 
N 6 06 W 


6963 
3465 
3837 


Stevens. 

Love Point Light. 

Wickes Beach. 


3 


39 05 04. 52 


76 14 39. 16 


N 
S 

s 


4 29 W 

48 07 w 

I og E 


vS 4 29 E 
N 48 06 E 
N I og W 


3970 
4996 
6822 


Stevens. 

Love Point Light. 

Wickes Beach. 


4 


39 04 59. 02 


76 14 II. 53 


N 
N 
S 


14 08 W 
29 2 1 W 

54 2.5 W 


S 14 08 E 
S 29 22 E 

N 54 24 E 


4241 
82 ss 
3466 


Stevens. 
Swan Point 3. 
Love Point Light. 


-'' 


39 °3 44-38 


76 14 28. 17 


N 
S 
S 


5 08 W 

81 02 W 

2 07 W 


S i og- E 
N 8i 00 E 
N 2 07 E 


6687 
4058 
4122 


Stevens. 

Love Point Light. 

Wickes Beach. 



EAST NECK BAY. 
{Entrance Chester River — Chart No. 2Q.) 



76 16 11.63 S 30 II E N 30 10 W 5112 I Wickes Beach. 

N 18 25 E S 18 26 W 6705 j Stevens. 

N 5 24 W S 5 24 E 9485 1 Swan Point 3. 



The 


nee along count 


v be 


undan,- as d 


•lineated on Cha 


rt No. 29 


to comer No. 2. 


2 39 04 15- 35 


76 16 34. 41 


S 

N 
N 


31 33 E 
25 49 E 

I 56 w 


N 31 31 W 
S 25 50 w 
S I 56 E 


6057 
6240 
8703 


Wickes Beach. 
Stevens. 
Swan Point 3. 


3 39 04 33- 16 


76 16 01. 82 


S 

N 

N 


21 51 E 
20 22 E 
8 05 W 


N 21 so W 
S 20 22 W 

S 8 05 E 


6209 

.5351 
8179 


Wickes Beach. 
Stevens. 
Swan Point 3. 


4 i 39 04 19. 08 


76 13 42. 07 


S 

N 

N 


18 43 E 
13 44 E 
II 01 W 


N 18 42 W 
S 13 45 w 
S II 01 E 


5584 
5653 
8733 


Wickes Beach. 
Stevens. 
Swan Point 3. 



io6 



Survey oj Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 



ENTRANCE LUMPS. 
{Entrance Chester River — Chart No. 2g.) 



'Cnr- 










True bearing 








Latitude 


Longitude 






Distance 


U. S. C. & G. S. triauKula- 


bar 


Forward 


Back 


tion station 




o , ,/ 





/ // 




/ 


/ 


Yards. 




I 


39 03 06. 52 


76 


14 54- 74 


N 
N 

vS 


43 E 
79 00 W 
10 54 E 


S 43 W 
S 79 01 E 
N 10 54 W 


7937 
3373 
2894 


Stevens. 

Love Point Light. 

Wickes Beach. 


2 


39 03 13. 74 


76 


15 46.03 


N 
N 
S 


10 39 E 
78 28 W 
60 10 w 


S 10 39 w 

S 78 29 E 
N 60 08 E 


7829 
2001 
4162 


Stevens. 

Love Point Light. 

Amour. 


3 


39 °3 34- 90 


76 


15 45- 98 


N 
S 

s 


II 42 E 
80 55 W 
26 31 E 


S II 42 w 
N 80 54 E 
N 26 30 W 


7128 
1987 
4245 


Stevens. 

Love Point Light. 

Wickes Beach. 


4 


39 03 35- 38 


76 


14 49- 45 


N 
S 
S 


20 W 

8433 w 

6 06 E 


S 20 E 
N 84 31 E 
N 6 06 W 


6963 
3465 
3837 


Stevens. 

Love Point Light. 

Wickes Beach. 



WICKES BEACH. 
{Entrance Chester River— Chart No. 2g.) 



I 


39 01 21. 86 


76 


IS 15- 70 


N 57 57 E 
N 33 28 W 

N 77 57 W 


S 57 57 W 
S 33 29 E 
S 77 59 E 


1296 
5002 
5329 


Wickes Beach 
Love Point Light. 
Railway Water Tank. 


2 


39 02 13. 18 


76 


16 24. 02 


N 21 31 W 
S 79 43 W 
S 10 26 W 


S 21 31 E 
N 79 42 E 
N 10 26 E 


2625 
347° 
5562 


Love Point Light 
Railway Water Tank. 
Macum. 


3 


39 02 29. 54 


76 


16 03. 98 


N 38 14 W 
S 73 27 W 
S 14 18 W 


S 38 15 E 
N 73 26 E 
N 14 18 E 


2407 
4112 
6215 


Love Point Light. 
Railway Water Tank. 
Macum. 


4 


39 02 2g. 16 


76 


15 19. 18 


N 54 30 W 
S 77 16 W 
S 24 19 W 


S 54 31 E 
N 77 14 E 
N 24 18 E 


3276 
5249 
6593 


Love Point Light. 
Railway Water Tank. 
Macum. 



DREDGE ROCK. 

{Lower Chester River — Chart No. ZQ.) 



I 


39 00 43. 67 


76 


14 46. 20 


S 22 10 E 
S 83 37 E 
N 9 16 E 


N 22 09 W 
N 83 36 W 
S 9 16 W 


4223 
2791 
2001 


Muddy. 
Narrows Point. 
Wickes Beach. 


2 


39 00 52. 68 


76 


IS 19- S3 


S 80 27 E 
N 35 39 E 
N 67 42 W 


N 80 26 W 
S 35 39 W 
S 67 44 E 


3702 
2057 
5524 


Narrows Point. 
Wickes Beach. 
Railway Water Tank 


3 


39 01 16. 43 


76 


16 09. 35 


S 74 05 E 
N 70 52 E 
N 17 12 W 


N 74 03 W 
S 70 52 W 
S 17 12 E 


5159 
2656 

4559 


Narrows Point. 
Wickes Beach. 
Love Point Light. 


4 


39 01 18. 75 


76 


15 22.18 


S 68 08 E 
N 58 01 E 
N 31 II W 


N 68 06 W 
S 58 01 W 
S 31 12 E 


4008 
1496 
5000 


Narrows Point. 
Wickes Beach. 
Love Point Light. 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 



107 



SIDE SHOAL. 

{Lower Chester River — Charts Nos. 2g and ^o.] 



Cor- 








True bearing 






ner 


Latitude 


LDiigitude 








Distance 




ol 
bar 


Forward 


Back 


tion station 




, „ 








, 


Yards. 




I 


39 00 34. 80 


7b 14 02. 32 


s 
s 

N 


6 55 R 
89 35 R 
20 06 W 


N 6 55 W 
N 89 35 W 
S 20 06 H 


3639 
1619 
2422 


Muddy. 
Narrows Point. 
Wickes Beach. 


2 


39 00 59- 03 


76 14 II- S3 


N 

s 

S 


22 02 w 
56 a w , 

8 44 E 


S 22 02 R 
N 56 32 E 
N S 44 W 


1573 

5387 
4482 


Wickes Beach. 

Macum. 

Muddy. 


■^ 


39 00 52- 93 


76 13 48. 20 


N 
S 
S 


35 53 W 
61 36 W 
54 E 


!3 35 54 R 
N 61 34 E 

N 54 W 


2°S3 
5816 
4225 


Wickes Beach. 

Macum. 

Muddy. 



MUD. 
{Loner Clicsler River^Ch.arts Nos. 2j and 70.) 




FERRY (KENT COUNTY). 
{Lower Chester River — Chart No. 2g.) 




io8 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 



BUOY ROCK. 
{Lower Chester River — Charts Nos. 2Q and 30.) 



Cor- 






True bearing 








Latitude 


Longitude 






Distance 


U. S. C. & G. S. trianeula- 


of 

bar 


Forward 


Back 


tion station 




, // 


, ,/ 


/ 


/ 


Yards. 




I 


38 59 28. 23 


76 12 41. 30 


S 78 44 E 
N 29 44 E 
N 12 56 W 


N 78 43 W 
S 29 45 W 

S 12 57 E 


2669 
2895 
2291 


Bluebeard. 
Rain. 
Narrows Point. 


2 


39 00 10. 92 


76 14 17.37 


S 16 33 E 
N 68 30 E 


N 16 33 W 
S 68 31 W 


2928 
2165 


Muddy. 
Narrows Point. 








N 8 04 W 


S 8 04 E 


3110 


Wickes Beach. 


3 


39 00 23. 40 


76 13 40.32 


S 2 30 W 
N 70 17 E 


N 2 30 E 
S 70 17 W 


3231 
1105 


Muddy. 
Narrows Point. 








N 27 57 W 


S 27 57 E 


3010 


Wickes Beach. 


4 


39 00 02. 44 


76 13 39. 18 


S 67 59 E 
N 43 05 E 


N 67 57 W 
S 43 06 W 


4467 
1479 


Bluebeard. 
Narrows Point. 








N 23 10 W 


S 23 II E 


3661 


Wickes Beach. 


5 


38 59 54. 30 


76 12 29. 26 


S 58 40 E 
N 34 24 E 
N 31 30 W 


N 58 39 W 
S 34 25 w 
S 31 31 E 


26q5 
1981 
1588 


Bluebeard. 
Rain. 
Narrows Point. 



HAIL CREEK. 
{Lower Chester River — Chart No. 30.) 



I 


39 00 27. 60 


76 12 25. 07 


S 32 12 W 


N 32 II E 


3982 


Muddy. 








S 40 57 E 


N 40 57 W 


3343 


Bluebeard. 








N 63 07 E 


S 63 08 W 


1131 


Rain, 


2 


39 0° 33- °o 


76 12 30. 88 


S 29 00 W 


N 29 00 E 


4061 


Muddy. 








S 40 53 E 


N 40 S3 W 


3S8i 


Bluebeard. 








N 74 II E 


S 74 II w 


1207 


Rain. 


S 


39 00 40. 76 


76 12 17. 24 


S 31 24 w 


N 31 23 E 


4467 


Muddy. 








S 33 46 E 


N 33 4S W 


3S72 


Bluebeard. 








S 78 SI E 


N 78 49 W 


4027 


Blakeford. 


4 


39 00 37. 85 


76 12 06. 10 


S 35 12 W 


N 35 II E 


4S46 


Muddy. 








S 30 31 E 


N 30 30 W 


3332 


Bluebeard. 








S 79 27 E 


N 79 26 W 


3720 


Blakeford. 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 

HAIL POINT. 
(Lower Chester River— Chart No. 30.) , 



109 



39 00 03. 



39 °° 38. 



39 00 07 



55 j 76 12 06. 70 
76 II 52. 80 
76 II 34- 58 

90 76 



N 21 34 E 
N 53 37 W 
S 45 36 W 

S 38 25 W 
S 24 49 E 
S 77 51 E 

S 18 05 E 
vS 80 58 E 
N 40 07 E 



II 4;. 20 N 8-, 51 E 
N 4 31 W 
i N 66 19 W 

I 



S 21 ^4 w 

S 53 38 E 

N 45 35 E 

N 38 24 E 
N 24 48 W 
N 77 50 W 

N 18 05 W 
N 80 58 W 
S 40 08 W 



Yards. 
1429 
1768 
3647 

4781 
3198 
3384 

2777 
2863 



W 

4 31 E 



S 66 20 E 



Rain. 

Narrows Point. 
Muddy. 

Muddy. 

Bluebeard. 

Blakeford. 

Bluebeard. 
Blakeford. 
Break. 

Blakeford. 
Rain. 
Narrows Point. 



BLACK BUOY. 

{Middle Chester River— Chart No: 30.) 



39 00 30.80 76 II 21.27 , S II 00 E 
S 79 52 E 
N 33 52 E 



39 00 49. 90 76 II 



39 00 50. 95 



S 71 14 E 
N 55 57 E 
N 22 19 W 



76 II 16. 05 S 64 22 E 
N 41 58 E 
N 38 31 W 



N II 00 W 
N 79 51 W 
S 33 52 W 


2681 
2516 
2497 


Bluebeard 
Blakeford. 
Break. 


N 71 13 W 
S 55 58 W 
S 22 19 E 


3380 

2551 

' 2491 


Blakeford . 
Break. 
Overton . 


N 64 21 W 
S 41 59 W 
S 38 32 E 


2595 
1874 
2901 


Blakeford. 

Break. 

Overton. 



DURDIN. 

{Middle Chester River— Chart No. 30.) 



1 

I 1 


39 °o 59- 82 


76 II 16. 15 


S 54 26 W 
S 58 45 E 
N 48 56 E 


N 54 26 E 
N 58 44 W 
S 48 57 W 


990 
2741 
1666 


Rain. 

Blakeford. 
Break. 


2 


39 01 13.87 


76 12 12. 17 


N 32 32 E 
N 77 12 E 
N 12 27 W 


S 32 32 w 

s 77 13 w 

S 12 27 E 


1245 

2800 

1533 


Rain. 

Break. 

Overton. 


3 

1 


39 01 56. 03 


76 12 09. 10 


S 13 24 E 
S 73 II E 
N 45 38 E 


N 13 24 W 
N 73 10 W 
S 45 39 W 


2540 
2768 
2377 


Rain. 

Break. 

Fir. 


4 


39 02 °o- 58 


76 II 57. 00 


S 5 53 E 
S 67 44 E 
N 42 29 E 


N 5 S3 W 
N 67 43 W 
S 42 29 w 


2638 

2519 
2045 


Rain. 

Break. 

Fir. 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 



BELTS. 
(Middle Chester River — Chart No. 30.) 



Cor- 
ner 


Latitude 


Longitude 


True bearing 


Distance 


U. S. C. & G. S. triangula- 


of 
bar 


Forward 


Back 


tion station 


I_ 


/ // 

39 01 56. 03 


76 12 09. 10 


S 13 24 E 
S 73 II E 

N 45 38 E 




N 13 24 W 
N 73 10 W 

S 45 39 W 


Yards. 
2540 
2768 

2377 


Rain. 

Break. 

Fir. 


2 


39 02 30. 78 


76 12 29. 40 


S 58 13 E 

N 77 37 E 
N I 24 W 


N 58 12 W 
vS 77 38 W 
S I 24 E. . 


3745 
2287 
1920 


Break. 

Fir. 

Bay Bush Point. 


3 


39 02 41- Si 


76 12 18. 36 


S 51 05 E 
N 86 14 E 
N 12 13 W 


N 51 04 W 
S 86 15 W 
S 12 13 E 


3718 
1948 
1593 


Break. 

Fir. 

Bay Bush Point. 


4 


39 03 04. 03 


76 12 29.33 


f 3 07 E 
S 74 13 E 

N 75 41 E 


N 3 07 W 
N 74 12 W 
S 75 42 W 


2221 
2320 
2969 


Overton. 

Fir. 

Gordon. 


5 


39 03 02.02 


76 12 10. 78 


S 9 41 W 
S 72 08 E 
N 71 26 E 


N 9 41 E 
N 72 08 W 
S 71 27 W 


2182 
1836 
2520 


Overton. 
Fir. 
Gordon . 


6 


39 °2 30. 33 


76 12 16. 98 


S 55 34 E 
N 75 09 E 
N 10 55 W 


N 55 33 W 
S 75 10 W 
S 10 55 E 


3462 

1973 
1971 


Break. 

Fir. 

Bay Bush Point. 


7 


39 02 00. 58 


76 II 57. CO 


S 5 S3 E 
S 67 44 E 
N 42 29 E 


N 5 S3 W 
N 67 43 W 
S 42 29 W 


2638 
2519 
2045 


Rain. 

Break. 

Fir. 



PINEY POINT (KENT COUNTY). 
(Middle Chester River—Chart No. 30.) 



I 


39 02 00. 00 


76 II 41. 20 


S 63 58 E 
N 32 18 E 
S 87 04 W 


1 
N 63 58 W 2131 ■ Break. 
S 32 18 W 1808 Fir. 
N 87 04 E 1147 Overton. 


2 


39 02 46. 62 


76 12 10. 62 


S 12 so W 

S 88 33 E 
N 61 00 E 


N 12 50 E 1673 Overton. 

N 88 33 W 1740 Fir. 

S 61 01 W 2726 Gordon. 


3 


39 03 18. 25 

Thence 


76 1 1 43. 76 
along county 


S 21 47 W 
S 42 56 E 
N 81 22 E 
boundary as del 


N 21 46 E 2905 Overton. 
N 42 s6 W 1S17 ! Fir. 
S 81 23 W 1697 i Gordon, 
ineated on Chart No. 30 to comer No. i. 

1 1 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Aid. 

BAY BUSH POINT. 
(Middle Chester River — Chart A'o. JO.) 



Cor- 


Latitude 


Longitude 




True bearing 


Distance 


U. S. C. & G. S. triangiila- 


of 
Imr 




Forwar.l 


H.n fc 


tion station 


■ 


39 03 02. 02 


76 12 10. 78 


S 

s 

N 


9 4. w 

72 08 E 
71 26 R 


N 9 41 E 
N 72 08 W 
S 71 27 W 


Yards. 
2182 
1836 
2520 


Overton. 
Fir. 
Gordon . 


2 


39 03 04. 03 


76 12 29.33 


S 

s 

N 


3 07 E 

74 13 E 

75 41 E 


N -, 07 W 
N 74 12 W 
S 75 42 w 


2221 
2320 
2969 


Overton. 

Fir. 

Gordon. 


3 


39 03 1 5. 63 


76 12 22. 55 


S 

s 

N 


I 16 W 
63 32 E 

82 45 E 


N I 16 E 
N 63 11 W 
S 82 46 W 


2609 

2293 
2720 


Overton . 
Fir. 
Gordon . 


4 


39 03 58. 35 


76 12 27. 02 


vS 

.s 
s 


6 03 W 
68 42 E 
88 28 E 


N 6 05 E 
N 68 41 \V 
N 88 26 W 


1039 
3022 
4609 


Bay Bush Point. 
Gordon . 
Reeds. 



5 39 03 52- 40 



12 01. 00 S 45 ^7 W 
S 67 II E 
N 88 s^, E 



N 43 37 E 
N 67 10 W 
S 88 54 W 



II 50 Bay Bush Point. 
2312 Gordon. 
^92 5 Reeds. 



BLUFF POINT. 
[Middle Chester River — Chart No. 30.) 



1 


39 °3 52- 40 


76 I 


2 01. 00 


S 43 37 W 
S 67 II E 


N 43 37 E 
N 67 10 W 


1 1 50 
2312 


Bay Bush Point. 
Gordon . 










N 88 S3 E 


S 88 54 W 


3925 


Reeds. 


= 


39 03 58- 35 


76 12 27. 02 


vS 6 05 W 
S 68 42 E 


N 6 03 E 
N 68 41 W 


1039 
3022 


Bay Bush Point. 
Gordon. 










S 88 28 E 


N 88 26 W 


4609 


Reeds. 


3 


39 04 17-59 


76 II 58. 20 


S 27 16 w 
S 49 41 E 

S 78 39 E 


N 27 16 E 
N 49 40 W 
N 78 38- W 


1892 
2699 
3927 


Bay Bush Point. 
Gordon . 
Reeds. 


4 


39 04 59- 05 


76 II 48. 68 


N 62 39 E 
N I 49 E 
N 63 47 W 


S 62 40 W 
S I 49 w. 
S 63 48 E 


2994 
924 
694 


Langford . 

Inn. 

Little Gum. 


5 


39 04 59- 57 


76 I 


I- 01-32 


N 46 10 E 
N 05 W 

N 81 12 W 


S 46 II W 
S 05 E 
S 81 13 R 


1962 
1621 
1890 


Langford. 
Deep Cove. 
Little Guin. 


6 


39 °3 57- 95 


76 I 


I 42. 85 


S 51 15 w 
S 56 45 E 
S 88 10 E 


N SI IS E 
N 56 45 W 
N 88 09 W 


1629 
1978 
3448 


Bay Bush Point. 
Gordon . 
Reeds. 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 

CHESTER RIVER MIDDLEGROUND. 
{Middle Chester River — Chart No. jo.) 



Cor- 












True bearing 












Latitude 


Loneitude 
















1 . 




ot 
bar 




Forward 


Back 




tion station 




o / „ 


, // 







/ 







/ 




Yards. 




I 


39 03 57- 95 


76 1 1 42. 85 


S 
S 
S 


51 
56 

88 


15 
45 
10 


w 

E 
E 


N 51 
N 56 
N 88 


15 
45 
og 


K 
W 

w 


i62g 
1978 
3448 


Bay Bush Point. 
Gordon . 
Reeds. 


2 


39 °4 59- 57 


76 ir 01. 32 


N 
N 
N 


46 



81 


10 

°5 
12 


E 
W 
W 


S 46 
S. 
S 81 


II 
°5 
13 


w 

E 
E 


ig62 
1621 
1890 


Langford . 
Deep Cove. 
Little Gum. 


3 


39 °4 56- 95 


76 10 32. 18 


S 
S 


37 
81 


07 
7,2 


E 
E 


N37 
N 81 


06 

SI 


w 
w 


2633 
2402 


Reeds. 
Holton Point. 








N 


24 


10 


K 


S 24 


II 


w 


1586 


Lansjford. 


4 


39 04 03- 60 


76 II 24. 16 


S 
S 


55 
42 


31 

22 


w 

E 


N 42 


30 
22 


E 

w 


2138 
1726 


Bay Bush Point. 
C»ordon. 








s 


84 


II 


E 


N 84 


10 


w 


2971 

1 


Reeds. 



LIMEKILN. 
(Grays Inn Creek Entrance — Chart No. 30.) 



I 


39 04 59- OS 


76 1 1 48. 68 


N 62 39 E 


S 62 40 W 


2994 


Langford. 








N I 49 E 


S I 49 w 


924 


Inn. 








N 63 47 W 


S 63 48 E 


694 


Little Gum. 


2 


39 05 41- 75 


76 12 22. 00 


N 8g 19 W 


S 89 20 E 


557 


Lucy. 








S 10 20 W 


N 10 20 E 


535 


Weeks. 








S 64 II E 


N 64 II W 


833 


Tray. 


3 


39 05 45- 80 


76 12 12. 40 


S 80 51 W 


N 80 51 E 


819 


Lucy. 








S 27 43 w 


N 27 43 E 


749 


Weeks. 








S 44 54 E 


N 44 54 W 


705 


Tray. 


4 


39 OS 09. 67 


76 II 43-87 


N 68 06 E 


S 68 07 W 


2731 


Langford. 








N g 46 W 


S g 46 E 


573 


Inn. 








S 86 04 W 


N 86 03 E 


750 


Little Gum. 



WILLOW BOTTOM. 

{Middle Chester River — Chart No. jo.) 



I 


39 04 59- °S 


76 II 48.68 


N 62 39 E 

N I 49 E 
N 63 47 W 


S 

s 
s 


62 40 w 
I 49 W 

63 48 E 


2994 
924 
694 


Langford. 
Inn. 
Little Gum. 


2 


39 °5 09. 67 


76 II 43.87 


N 68 06 E 
N 9 46 W 
S 86 03 W 


s 
s 

N 


68 07 W 

9 46 E 

86 03 E 


2731 

573 
750 


Langford . 

Inn. 

Little Gum. 


3 


39 05 30. 75 


76 10 45. 20 


N 72 48 E 
N ^6 38 W 
S 71 36 W 


s 
s 

N 


72 49 W 
36 38 E 
71 35 E 


1038 
714 

2415 


Langford . 
Deep Cove. 
Little Gum. 


4 


39 04 59- 57 


76 II 01. 32 


N 46 10 E 
N OS W 
N 81 12 W 


s 
s 
s 


46 II W 
03 E 

81 13 E 


1962 
1621 
1890 


Langford. 
Deep Cove. 
Little Gum. 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 

NICHOLS. 
{Middle Chester River — Chart No. 30.) 



"3 



True bearing 



39 04 59-43 



3 39 05 27. 96 



76 II 01. 28 



76 10 45.33 



76 10 26. 56 



N 46 03 E 

N o 07 W 

N 81 04 W 

N 72 52 E 

N 36 25 W 

S 71 34 W 

N 51 22 E 

N S3 56 W 

S 76 29 W 



S 46 04 w 

S o 07 E 

S 81 05 E 

S 72 52 W 

S 36 25 E 

N 71 33 E 

S 51 22 w 

S S3 56 E 

N 76 28 E 



Yards. 
1964 
1632 
1892 



Langford. 
Deep Cove. 
Little Gum. 



1041 Langford. 
712 Deep Cove. 
241 1 I Little Gum. 



642 

1133 
2861 



Langford. 
Deep Cove. 
Little Gum. 



HUDSON. 
(Langford Creek — Chart No. jo.) 



I 


39 OS 27- 96 


76 10 26. 56 


N 51 22 E 
N S3 56 W 
S 76 29 W 


S 51 22 W 
S S3 56 E 

N 76 28 E 


642 

"33 
2861 


Langford . 
Deep Cove. 
Little Gum. 


2 


39 OS 30- 7S 


76 10 45. 33 


N 72 52 E 
N 36 2S W 
S 71 34 W 


S 72 52 W 
S 36 25 E 
N 71 33 E 


1041 

712 

241 1 


Langford. 
Deep Cove. 
Little Gum. 


3 


39 05 42.00 


76 10 41.32 


S 85 24 E 
N 44 56 E 
N 69 24 W 


N 85 24 W 
S 44 57 W 
S 69 24 E 


906 
971 

SSo 


Langford. 
Peach. 
Deep Cove. 


4 


39 OS SI- 55 


76 10 52. 10 


S 71 24 E 
N 69 05 E 
N 19 31 W 


N 71 24 W 
S 69 06 W 
S 19 31 E 


1238 
1024 

SSI 


Langford . 

Peach. 

Snub. 


S 


39 06 08. 55 


76 10 26. 40 


N 8 34 E 
S 86 23 W 
S 52 40 W 


S 834 W 
N 86 23 E 
N 52 40 E 


I23I 
861 
II57 


Drum. 
Snub. 
Deep Cove. 



SAND THISTLE. 
(Langford Creek — Chart No. 30.) 



1 


39 05 SI- 55 


76 10 52. 10 


S 

N 
N 


71 24 E 
69 05 E 
19 31 W 


N 71 24 W 
S 69 06 w 
S 19 31 E 


1238 
1024 

SSI 


Langford. 

Peach. 

Snub. 


2 


39 06 25. 20 


76 10 43. 22 


S 
S 
N 


3407 W 
43 12 E 
77 31 E 


N 34 07 E 
N 43 12 W 

S 77 32 w 


744 
loss 
1212 


Snub. 
Peach. 
Major. 


3 


39 06 08. 55 


76 10 26. 40 


N 
S 
S 


8 34 E 
86 23 W 
52 40 W 


S 8 34 W 
N 86 23 E 
N 52 40 E 


1231 
861 
"S7 


Drum. 
Snub. 
Deep Cove. 



I4126 — 12- 



114 



Survey oj Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 



BOATHOUSE. 
{Langford Creek — Chart No. 30.) 



Cor- 


■ 

tatitude 


Ltjnjiitude 


True bearing 


Distance 


U. S. C. & G. S. triangula- 


of 
bar 


Forward 


Back 


tion station 


^ 











- 


— 


I 


/ // 

39 06 08. 55 


76 10 26. 40 


/ 

N 8 34 E 
S 86 23 W 
S 52 40 w 


S 8 34 W 
N 86 23 E 
N 52 40 E 


Yards. 
1231 
861 

"57 


Drum. 
Snub. 
Deep Cove. 


2 


39 06 25. 20 


76 10 43. 22 


S 34 07 W 
S 43 12 E 
N 77 31 E 


N 34 07 E 
N 43 12 W 
S 77 32 w 


744 
1055 
1212 


Snub. 
Peach. 
Major. 


3 


39 06 29. 80 


76 10 19. 85 


S 6 42 E 
N 79 23 E 
N I 17 E 


N 6 42 W 
S 79 23 w 
S I 17 W 


931 
579 
502 


Peach. 
Major. 
Drum. 


. 4 


39 06 39. 54 


76 09 58. 30 


N 5 53 E 
N 72 41 W 
S 20 04 w 


S 5 S3 W 
S 72 42 E 
N 20 04 E 


978 
581 
1334 


Neck. 
Drum. 
Peach. 



DRUM POINT. 

{Langford Creek — Chart No. JO.) 



I 


39 06 29. 80 


76 10 19. 85 


S 6 42 E 

N 79 23 E 

N I 17 E 


N 6 42 W 

S 79 23 w 
S I 17 w 


931 

S79 
502 


Peach. 
Major. 
Drum. 


2 


39 06 54. 02 


76 10 06. 02 


N 26 47 W 
S 48 09 W 
S 16 07 E 


S 26 47 E 
N 48 09 E 
N 16 07 W 


827 
472 
739 


Davis. 
Drum. 
Major. 


3 


39 06 54. 14 


76 09 58. 70 


N 12 59 E 
S 59 36 w 
S I 02 E 


S 12 59 w 
N 59 36 E 
N I 02 W 


492 
631 
714 


Neck. 
Drum. 
Major. 


4 


39 06 39. 54 


76 09 58. 30 


N 5 53 E 
N 72 41 W 
S 20 04 W 


S 5 53 W 
S 72 41 E 
N 20 04 E 


978 
581 
1334 


Neck. 
Drum. 
Peach. 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 



"5 



DAVIS CREEK. 
{Langford Creek — Chart No. 30.) 



True bearing 



39 06 54. 02 



76 10 06. 02 1 N 26 47 W 

is 48 09 W 

S 16 07 E 



39 07 23. 47 76 10 23. 08 



39 07 23. 03 76 10 15. 45 



4 i 39 07 II. 02 76 og 59. 10 



39 06 54- 14 76 09 58- 70 



S 20 59 E 
S 55 51 E 
N 62 23 E 

S 4 37 W 
S 48 04 E 
N 55 19 E 

N 16 30 W 
N 73 24 W 
S 31 00 w 

N 12 59 E 

s 59 36 w 

S I 02 E 



S 26 47 E 

N 48 09 E 

N 16 07 W 

N 20 59 W 

i N 55 50 W 

S 62 24 W 

N 4 37 E 

N 48 04 W 

S 55 19 W 

S 16 30 E 

S 73 25 E 
N 31 00 E 

S 12 59 W 

N 59 36 E 

N I 02 W 



Yards. 
827 
472 
739 



Davis. 
Drum. 
Major. 



1824 Major. 

908 Neck. 

1025 King. 

1298 Drum. 

740 Neck. 

861 King. 



997 
579 
1037 

492 
631 
714 



Isle. 

Davis. 

Drum. 

Neck. 
Drum. 
Major. 



ISLAND POINT. 
{Langford Creek (West Fork) — Chart No. 30.) 



I 


39 07 29- 42 


7*6 10 04. 32 


N 23 33 W 
S 42 31 w 
S 19 59 E 


S 23 33 E 
N 42 31 E 
N 19 59 W 


365 
618 
756 


Isle. 

Davis. 

Neck. 


2 


39 07 29- 93 


76 10 12. 85 


S 22 15 W 
S 33 33 E 
N 68 06 E 


N 22 IS E 
N 33 33 W 
S 68 06 W 


5" 
873 
689 


Davis. 
Neck. 
King. 


3 


39 °7 40- 33 


76 10 06. 33 


S 78 40 E 
N 14 13 W 
N 49 05 W 


N 78 40 W 
S 14 13 E 
S 49 05 E 


477 
673 
913 


King. 
Homor. 

Eagle. 


4 


39 07 41. 24 


76 TO II. 92 


S 78 33 E 
N I 42 W 
N 43 45 W 


N 78 33 W 
S I 42 E 
S 43 46 E 


628 
622 
785 


King. 

Homor. 

Eagle. 


5 


39 07 46. 05 


76 lo- 10. 35 


S 63 26 E 

N 7 24 W 
N 55 16 W 


N 63 26 W 

S 7 24 E 
S 55 16 E 


641 
463 

712 


King. 
Homor. 

Eagle. 


6 


39 07 44- 76 


76 10 03. 80 


N 59 20 W 
S 41 15 w 
S 58 48 E 


S 59 20 E 
N 41 15 E 
N 58 47 W 


880 
237 
469 


Eagle. 

Isle. 

King. 



ii6 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 



EAGLE POINT. 
{Langford Creek {West Fork) — Chart No. 30.) 



Cor- 






True bearing 






ner 


Latitude 


Longitude 






Distance 


U. S. C. & G. S. triangula- 


ol 
bar 


Forward 


Back 


tion station 




» , „ 


, // 


/ 


/ 


Yaris. 




I 


39 07 49- 80 


76 10 15. 76 


S 60 00 E 
N 13 56 E 

N 57 47 W 


N 60 00 W 
S 13 56 W 

S S7 47 E 


827 
342 
523 


King. 

Homor. 

Eagle. 


2 


39 08 03. 30 


76 10 32. 17 


S 76 33 E 
N 40 03 E 
N 17 13 W 


N 76 33 W 
S 40 03 W 

S 17 13 E 


528 
383 
642 


Homor. 

West. 

Mill. 


3 


39 °8 07- SI 


76 10 26. 74 


S 54 29 E 
N 33 48 E 
N 35 X3 W 


N 54 29 W 
S 33 48 w 
S 3S 13 E 


455 
182 
576 


Homor. 

West. 

Mill. 


4 


39 07 54. 00 


76 10 10. 23 


N 28 32 W 
N 76 51 W 
S I 04 E 


S 28 32 E 
S 76 52 E 
N I 04 W 


690 
604 
494 


West. 
Eagle. 
Isle. 



WILSONS POINT. 
{Langford Creek {West Fork) — Chart No. 30.) 



I 


39 08 34. 45 


76 10 43- 95 


N 31 23 E 
N 52 43 W 
S 36 43 W 


S 31 23 w 

S 52 43 E 
N 36 43 E 


233 
261 

598 


Locust. 

Bungay. 

Kinsley. 


2 


39 08 36. 60 


76 lo 50. 92 


S 17 33 W 
S 32 12 E 


N 17 33 E 
N 32 12 W 


580 
286 


Kinsley. 
Nat. 








N 67 24 E 


S 67 24 W 


330 


Locust. 


3 


39 08 48. 27 


76 10 43- 35 


S 32 01 W 
S 4 13 w 
S 21 38 E 


N 32 01 E 
N 4 13 E 
N 21 38 W 


664 
637 
287 


Whale. 

Nat. 

Locust. 


4 


39 08 47. 35 


76 10 40. 25 


S 39 10 w 
S II 59 W 


N 39 10 E 
N II 59 E 


687 
618 


Whale. 
Nat. 








S 5 55 E 


N 5 55 W 


237 


Locust. 



KINGS CREEK. 

(Langford Creek {East Fork) — Chart No. jo.) 



I 


39 07 32- 33 


76 09 21. 40 


N 84 II E 
N 29 48 E 

N 76 07 W 


S 84 II W 
S 29 48 W 

S 76 07 E 


463 

287 

734 


Wann. 
Noth. 
King. 


2 


39 °7 35- 85 


76 09 22. 70 


N 85 10 W 
S 26 29 W 


S 85 10 E 
N 26 29 E 


681 
600 


King. 
Corn. 








S 81 44 E 


N 8i 44 W 


500 


Wann. 


3 


39 07 4'- 33 


76 09 00. 75 


N 33 17 E 
N 15 38 W 
S 82 00 W 


S 33 17 w 
S 15 38 E 
N 82 00 E 


583 
363 
404 


Cult. 

Lear>-. 

Noth. 


4 


39 °7 37- 85 


76 08 59. 64 


N 25 40 E 
N 15 12 W 
N 81 44 W 


S 25 41 w 
S 15 12 E 
S 81 44 E 


670 
483 
434 


Cult. 

Leary. 

Noth. 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 



117 



BAILEY. 
{Langford Creek {East Fork) — Chart No. jo.) 



Cor- 






True I 


earinc 








ner 


Latitude 


Longitude 






Distance 


u. s. c 




oil 
bar^ 


Forward 


Back 


tion station 




/ // 


, 


/ 


Yards. 






I 


39 °7 46. 33 


76 09 03. 50 


N SO 55 E 
N 8 01 W 
S 55 42 W 


S 50 55 W 
S 8 01 E 
N 55, 42 E 


S°5 
183 
397 


Cult. 

Leary. 

Noth. 




2 


39 07 48. 83 


76 09 06. 87 


S 37 51 W 
S 8 46 E 

N 64 00 E 


N 37 51 E 
N 8 46 W 
S 64 00 W 


390 

515 
535 


Noth. 
Wann. 
Cult. 




3 


39 08 02. 92 


76 08 47. 82 


N 51 20 E 
N 22 57 W 
S 49 06 w 


S 51 20 w 
S 22 57 E 
N 49 06 E 


539 
184 

579 


Hoo. 

Nest. 
Leary. 




4 


39 08 00. 40 


76 08 44. 30 


N 37 55 E 
N 32 51 W 
S 61 00 w 


S 37 55 W 
S 32 51 E 
N 61 00 E 


535 
303 
606 


Hoo. 
Nest. 
Leary. 





PHILIPS. 

(Langford Creek (East Fork) — Chart No. jo.) 



1 


39 08 09. 97 


76 08 43- 38 


N 71 58 E 
N 9 45 W 
S 70 01 W 


S 71 58 W 
S 9 45 E 
N 70 01 E 


320 
334 
200 


Hoo. 
Woll. 
Nest. 


2 


39 08 36. 04 


76 08 40.31 


N 28 27 W 
S 45 19 w 
S 44 45 E 


S 28 27 E 
N 45 19 E 

N4444 w 


581 

245 
5°5 


Gut. 

Harp. 

He. 


3 


39 08 35. 95 


76 08 35. 33 


N 66 59 W 
S 60 59 W 

S 32 17 E 


S 67 00 E 
N 60 59 E 
N 32 17 W 


959 
349 
421 


Clay. 
Harp. 
Ide. 


4 


39 08 10. 16 


76 08 37. 42 


N 57 54 E 
N 33 29 W 
S 77 45 W 


S 57 54 W 
S 33 29 E 
N 77 45 E 


175 
386 

353 


Ill 



WARE. 

(Langford Creek (East Fork)— Chart No. JO. 



I 


39 08 59. 38 


76 08 54. 90 


N 73 39 W 
S 41 34 W 
S 12 19 E 


S 73 39 E 

N 41 34 E 
N 12 19 W 


316 
556 
982 


Lovely. 

Clay. 

Haq). 


2 


39 09 01. 97 


76 09 00. 33 


N 89 24 W 
S 24 II W 
S 18 35 E 


S 89 24 E 
N 24 II E 
N 18 35 W 


161 

551 
1105 


Lovelv. 
Clay. ■ 
Harp. 


' ■' 


30 09 oS. 03 


76 08 55. 65 


S 54 28 W 
S 26 15 W 
S 10 23 E 


N 54 28 E 
N i6 15 E 
N 10 22 W 


348 
788 
1272 


Lovely. 

Clay. 

Harp. 


4 


39 09 05. 60 


76 08 50. 16 


S 74 15 w 
S 38 15 w 
S 4 0^ E 


N 74 15 E 
N ^8 15 E 
N 4 0^ W 


445 
796 
1172 


Lovely. 

Clay. 

Harp. 



ii8 



Survey of Oysier Bars, Kent County, Md. 

HBK POINT. 

{Middle Chester River — Chart No. jo.) 



Cor- 






True bearing 








Latitude 


Longitude 






Distance 


U. S. C. & G. S. iriantula- 


el 
bar 


Forward 


Back 


tion station 




o / // 


, „ 


/ 


Yards. 




I 


39 °5 :^^- °° 


-b oq 47. 26 


S 37 17 E . 
N 8s 37 E 
N 46 26 E 


N 37 17 W 
S 8s 38 W 
vS 46 26 W 


1973 
1721 
2297 


Holton Point. 
Spaniard Point 2 Upper. 
Brown . 


2 


39 o6 13. 72 


76 09 28. 55 


S 13 26 E 
S 44 37 E 
N 79 SI E 


N 15 26 W 

N 44 36 W 
S 79 S2 w 


3025 
1744 
1191 


Holton Point. 
Spaniard Point 2 Upper. 
Brown. 


3 


39 06 00. 20 


76 09 10. 92 


S 530 E 
S 44 06 E 
N 46 49 E 


N 5 30 W 
N 44 06 W 
S 46 49 W 


2498 
1095 
973 


Holton Point. 
Spaniard Point 2 Upper. 
Brown . 


4 


39 05 35- 30 


76 09 32. 67 


S 26 14 E 

N 87 41 E 
N 40 23 E 


N 26 14 W 
S 87 41 W 
S 40 24 W 


183s 
1334 
1976 


Holton Point. 
Spaniard Point 2 Upper. 
Brown. 



CLIFF. 
{Middle Chester River — Chart No. JO.) 



I 


39 06 00. 20 


76 09 10 


92 


S 5 30 E 
S 44 06 E 
N 46 49 E 


N 5 30 W 
N 44 06 W 
S 46 49 w 


2498 

lOQS 

973 


Holton Point. 

Spaniard Point 
Brown. 


Upper. 


2 


39 °6 13- 72 


76 09 28 


55 


S 13 26 E 

S 44 37 E 
N 79 SI E 


N 13 26 W 
N 44 36 W 

s 79 52 w 


302s 
1744 
1191 


Holton Point. 
Spaniard Point 
Brown. 


Upper. 


3 


39 06 12. 68 


76 08 40 


08 


S 2 19 W 
S SI 34 E 
N 30 40 E 


N 2 19 E 
N SI iS W 
S 30 40 w 


1208 
953 
517 


Spaniard Point 

Evans. 

Stratton. 


Upper. 


4 


39 06 21. 9S 


76 08 23 


98 


N so 18 W 
S 82 38 W 
S IQ 39 E 


S so 18 E 
N 82 38 E 
N 19 39 W 


207 
529 
960 


Stratton. 

Brown. 

Evans. 




5 


39 06 12. s6 


70 08 n 


'" 


N 67 34 E 
N 47 00 W 
N 7s S7 W 


S 67 35 w 
S 47 01 E 
S 73 37 E 


1771 
658 
883 


Deep Point 2. 

Stratton. 

Brown. 





Survey oj Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 

COMMEGYS BIGHT. 
{Middle Chester River — Chart No. jo.) 



119 



Cor- 






True be&ring 








ner 


Latitude 


Longitude 






Distance 


U. S. C. & G. S. triangula- 
tion station 




ot 
bar 


Forward 


Back 






/ // 


/ // 


/ 


/ 


Yards. 






I 


39 06 12. 56 


76 08 11. 72 


N 67 34 E 
N 47 00 W 
N 73 37 W 


S 67 35 W 
S 47 01 E 
S 73 37 E 


1771 
658 
883 


Deep Point 2. 

Stratton. 

Brown. 




2 


39 06 21.9s 


76 08 23. 98 


N 50 18 W 
S 82 s8 W 


S 50 18 E 

N 82 38 E 


207 
S29 


Stratton. 
Brown . 










S 19 39 E 


N 19 39 W 


960 


Evans. 




3 


39 06 38- 73 


76 08 14. 70 


S 42 54 w 
S 3 OS E 
S 83 07 E 


N 42 S4 E 
N 3 is W 
N 83 06 W 


592 

1473 
1727 


Stratton. 

Evans. 

Deep Point 2. 




4 


39 06 25.00 


76 07 12. 53 


S II 25 W 
S 80 30 E 
N 17 33 E 


N II 25 E 
N 80 30 W 
S 17 33 W 


1258 
681 
269 


Chester. 
Corpse. 
Deep Point 2. 





SHEEP (KENT COUNTY). 
(Middle Chester River — Chart No. jo.) 



I 


39 06 23. 28 


76 07 08.81 


S 16 26 W 


N 16 26 E 


1225 


Chester. 








S 84 36 E 


N 84 36 W 


576 


Corpse. 








N 3 04 W 


S 3 04 E 


314 


Deep Point 2. 


2 


39 06 36. 86 


76 06 50. 13 


S 9 12 E 


N 9 12 W 


520 


Corpse. 








N 65 54 E 


S 65 54 W 


820 


Indian. 








N 19 52 E 


S 19 52 W 


851 


Thorn. 


3 


39 06 34. 74 


76 06 47. 60 


S 2 09 E 


N 2 09 W 


441 


Corpse. 








N 59 13 E 


S ^9 13 W 


794 


Indian. 








N 14 19 E 


S 14 20 W 


900 


Thorn. 



DEEP POINT. 
(Middle Chester River — Chart No. ?o.) 



' 


39 Ob 41. Oo 


76 00 52. 05 


S 11 14 E 

N 77 39 E 
N 27 56 E 


N ii'm W 
S 77 30 W 
S 27 56 W 


68:; 
S[8 


Corpse. 
Indian. 
Thorn. 




2 


39 06 43- 87 


76 oO 57. 40 


S 20 oO E 
N 84 01 E 
N 40 25 E 


N 20 06 V\' 
S 84 01 W 
S 40 26 W 


707 
740 


Cnrpst-. 
Indian. 
Thorn. 




3 


39 07 04.49 


76 06 29. 43 


S 62 38 W 
S 18 56 E 
N 82 48 E 


N 62 38 E 
N 18 56 W 

S 82 is w 


287 
631 
883 


Thoni . 
Indian. 
Ashland. 





Survey oj Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 

SHIPPEN CREEK. 
(Middle Chester River — Chart No. 50.) 



Cor- 






Trae bearing 






ner 


Latitude 


Longitude 






Distance 


U. S. C. & G. S. triangula- 


ot 
bar 


Forward 


Back 


tion station 




/ „ 


/ // 


/ 


/ 


Yards. 




I 


39 07 '3- 72 


76 06 14. 53 


S 55 34 W 
S 67 29 E 
N 65 45 E 


N 55 34 E 
N 67 29 W 
S 65 46 w 


784 
524 
1386 


Thorn. 

Ashland. 

Bums. 


2 


39 07 15-47 


76 06 17.35 


S 48 44 W 
S 6s 03 E 
N 69 07 E 


-N 48 44 E 
N 65 02 W 
S 69 08 W 


763 
616 

1433 


Thorn. 

Ashland. 

Bums. 


3 


39 07 27- 58 


76 06 05. 95 


S 21 09 E 

N 84 24 E 
N 3-5 47 E 


N 21 09 W 
S 84 24 W 
S 35 47 W 


716 
1043 
952 


Ashland. 

Bums. 

Oyster. 


4 


39 07 25- 53 


76 06 02. 93 


S 16 39 E 
N 79 54 E 
N 29 33 E 


N 16 39 W 
S 79 54 W 
S 29 34 W 


626 
974 
967 


Ashland. 

Bums. 

Oyster. 



HADDAWAY. 
(Middle Chester Ri-ver — Chart No. jo.) 



I 


39 07 43- 52 


76 05 44. 28 


S 14 27 W 

S 47 07 E 
S 86 47 E 


N 14 27 E 

N 47 07 W 
N 86 47 W 


1246 
641 
1 1 56 


Ashland. 

Bums. 

Starkley. 


2 


39 °7 4S- 08 


76 05 45. 80 


S 12 09 W 
S 46 12 E 
S 84 23 E 


N 12 09 E 

N 46 II W 
N 84 23 W 


1287 

70s 
1200 


Ashland. 
Bums. 

Starkley. 


3 


39 07 53. 66 


76 05 33. 76 


S 13 57 E 
S 65 08 E 
N 67 09 E 


N 13 37 W 
N 6s 07 W 
S 67 09 W 


799 
967 
819 


Bums. 

Starkley. 

Jarrett. 


4 


39 °7 51-65 


76 05 31. 78 


S II 13 E 
S 67 40 E 
N 61 14 E 


N II 13 W 
N 67 40 W 
S 61 14 w 


724 
892 
803 


Bums. 

Starkley. 
Jarrett. 



HOLLYDAY (KENT COUNTY). 
(Middle Chester River — Chart No. jo.) 



I 


39 07 45- 52 


76 05 27. ss 


S 79 31 E 

N 44 58 E 


N 3 23 W 
N 79 31 W 
S 44 59 W 


504 
726 
839 


Bums. 

Starkley. 

Jarrett. 


3 


39 08 00. 77 


76 05 00. 72 


S 77 SI E 
S 50 E 
S 33 34 W 


N 77 50 W 
N 50 W 

N 33 34 R 


1072 
646 
1221 


Booker. 

Starkley. 

Bums. 


3 


39 07 S3- 80 


76 05 00. 86 


N 89 29 E 
N 19 07 W 
S 84 2S w 


S 89 30 W 
S 19 07 E 
N 84 25 E 


1051 
333 
"59 


Booker. 
Jarrett. 
Oyster. 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 



MELTON POINT. 

{Middle Chester River— Chart No. 30.) 



Cor- 


Latitude 


Longitude 


True bearing 


Distance 


U. S. C. & G. S. triangula- 


of 

bar 


Forward 


Back 




I 


39 08 20. 56 


/ // 

76 04 30. 15 


S 79 04 E 
N 18 47 E 
N 57 27 W 


N 79 04 W 
S 18 47 w 
S 57 27 E 


Yards. 
668 
550 
1036 


Journey. 

Cake. 

Pomona. 


2 


39 08 31. 66 


76 04 45- 37 


S 41 09 E 
N 75 46 E 
N 28 21 W 


N 41 09 W 
S 75 46 w 
S 28 21 E 


617 
595 
1 169 


Melton. 

Cake. 

Taste. 


3 


39 08 25. 78 


76 04 29. 37 


S 64 31 E 
N 24 26 E 
N 66 53 W 


N 64 31 W 

S 24 26 W 
S 66 54 E 


704 
378 
972 


Journey. 

Cake. 

Pomona. 



NORTHWEST (KENT COUNTY). 
{Middle Chester River— Chart No. 50.) 



I 


39 08 25. 78 


76 04 29. 37 


S 64 31 E 
N 24 26 E 
N 66 S3 W 


N 64 31 W 
S 24 26 W 
S 66 54 E 


704 
378 
972 


Journey. 

Cake. 

Pomona. 


2 


39 08 49. 92 


76 04 53- 37 


S 59 II E 
N 66 46 E 
N 39 52 W 


N 59 10 W 
S 66 46 W 
S 39 52 E 


916 
636 
538 


Cake. 

Bill. 

Taste. 


3 39 08 3°- 13 


76 04 28. 43 


S S3 39 E 
N 33 40 E 
N 75 40 W 


N S3 39 W 
S 33 40 W 
S 75 40 E 


7S9 
238 
948 


Journey. 
Cake. ■ 
Pomona. 



APPENDIXES. 



Appendix A -LAWS RELATING TO THE COOPERATION OF THE COAST AND GEODETIC 
SURVEY AND BUREAU OF FISHERIES WITH THE MARYLAND SHELL FISH COM- 
MISSION. 

The work of the Coast and Geodetic Survey and of the Bureau of Fisheries, in cooperation with 
the Marjdand Shell Fish Commission, in surveying the oyster bars, establishing permanent landmarks 
at triangulation stations, and preparing for publication the necessao' charts and technical and legal 
descriptions of boundaries and landmarks shown on these charts, has been executed m compliance with 
a request from the governor of the State of Maryland to the Secretary of Commerce and Labor, and by 
the authority of the following laws of the United States and Maryland : 

[Act of Congress approved May 36, 1906.] 
AN ACT To authorize the Secretary of Commerce and Labor to cooperate, through the Bureau of the Coast and GeodeUc Survey 
and the Bureau of Fisheries, with the shellfish commissioner of the State of Maryland in making surveys of the natural 
oyster beds. bars, and rocks in the waters within the State of Marj'land. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress- 
assembled. That the Secretary of Commerce and Labor be, and he is hereby, authorized and directed, 
upon the request of the governor of the State of Mar>nand, to designate such officers, experts, and 
employees of the Bureau of the Coast and Geodetic Survey and of the Bureau of Fishenes as may be 
necessary to cooperate with the Maryland State board of shellfish commissioners in making a survey 
of and locating the natural oyster beds, bars, and rocks in the waters within the State of Maryland; 
and the Secretary of Commerce and Labor is hereby authorized and directed to furnish to the officers, 
experts, and employees of said Bureaus so detailed as aforesaid such instruments, appliances, and 
steam launches as may be necessary- to make the survey aforesaid; and the Secretar)^ of Commerce 
and Labor is hereby authorized to have made in the Bureau of the Coast and Geodetic Survey all the 
plats necessary- to show the results of the aforesaid survey and the locations of the said natural oyster 
beds, bars, and rocks in the waters within the State of Mar>'land, and to furnish to the board of shell- 
fish commissioners of the State of Maryland such copies as may be necessary, and for this purpose 
to employ, in the District of Columbia and elsewhere, such technically qualified persons as may be 
necessary to carry out the purpose of this act. 

Sec. 2. That the Secretar\' of Commerce and Labor is hereby further authorized to have erected 
or constructed by the officers 'so detailed as aforesaid, while making such survey, such structures as 
may be necessar)' to mark the points of triangulation, so that the same may be used for such future 
work of the Coast and Geodetic Survey as the said Bureau may be hereafter required to perform in 
prosecuting the Government coast survey of the navigable waters of the United States located within 

the State of Marj'land. 

jt * * * 

» * * * 

Sec. 4. That this act shall take effect from the date of its passage. 

[Act of Congress approved June 30, r9o6.] 
AN ACT Making appropriations for sundry civil expenses of the Government for the fiscal year ending June thirtieth, nineteen 
hundred and seven, and for other purposes. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America^ in Congress 
assembled, That the following sums be, and the same are hereby, appropriated, for the objects herein- 
after expressed, for the fiscal year ending June thirtieth, nineteen hundred and seven, namely : 

Coast and Geodetic Survey: * * * For any special surveys * * * including the 
expenditures authorized under Public Act Numbered One hundred and eighty-one, approved May 
, twenty-sixth, nineteen hundred and six. and contingent expenses incident thereto, five thousand dollars. 



124 Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 

together with the unexpended balance under this appropriation for nineteen hundred and six and 
prior years which is hereby reappropriated and made available on this account for the fiscal year 
nineteen hundred and seven. * * * 



[Act of Congress approved March 4. 1907.] 

AN ACT Making appropriations for sundry civil expenses of the Government for the fiscal year ending June thirtieth, nineteen 
hundred and eight, and for other purposes. 

Be it enacted by tlie Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress 
assembled. That the following sums be, and the same are hereby, appropriated, for the objects herein- 
after expressed, for the fiscal year ending June thirtieth, nineteen hundred and eight, namely: * * * 

Co.^sT AND Geodetic Survey: * * * For any special surveys * * * including expenses 
of surveys in aid of the shellfish commission of the State of Marj'land, to be immediately available 
and to continue available until expended, twenty-five thousand dollars. * * * 



[Act of Congress approved May 27. rgoS.] 

AN ACT Making appropriations for sundry civil expenses of the Government for the fiscal year ending June thirtieth, nineteen 
hundred and nine, and for other purposes. 

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress 
assembled. That the following sums be, and the same are hereby, appropriated, for the objects herein- 
after expressed, for the fiscal year ending June thirtieth, nineteen hundred and nine, namely: * * * 

Coast and Geodetic Survey: * * * For any special surveys * * * including expenses 
of surveys in aid of the shellfish commission of the State of Maryland, which expenses, including cost 
of plats and charts, shall not exceed fifteen thousand dollars in any one year, to be immediately avail- 
able, twenty thousand dollars. 

[Act of Congress approved March 4. 1909.] 

AN ACT Making appropriation for sundry civil expenses of the Government for the fiscal year enduig June thirtieth, nineteen 
hundred and ten, and for other purposes. 

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress 
assembled, That the following sums be, and the same are hereby, appropriated, for the objects herein- 
after expressed, for the fiscal year ending June thirtieth, nineteen hundred and ten. namely: * * * 

Coast and Geodetic Survey: * * * For any special siu-veys * * * including expenses 
of surveys in aid of the shellfish commission of the State of Mar>'land, which expenses, including cost 
of plats and charts, shall not exceed fifteen thousand dollars in any one year, to be immediately avail- 
able, twenty thousand dollars. 

[Act of Congress approved June 25, 1910.] 

AN ACT flaking appropriations for sundry' civil expenses of the Government for the fiscal year ending June thirtieth, nineteen 
hundred and eleven, and for other purposes. 

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress 
assembled. That the following sums be, and the same are hereby, appropriated, for the objects herein- 
after expressed, for the fiscal year ending June thirtieth, nineteen hundred and eleven, namely : * * * 

Coast .\nd Geodetic Survey': * * * For any special surveys * * * including expenses 
of surveys in aid of the shellfish commission of the State of Mar>'land, to be immediately available, 
fifteen thousand dollars. 



[.\ct of Congress approved March 4, 1911.] 

AN ACT Making appropriations for sundry civil expenses of the Government for the fiscal year ending June thirtieth, nineteen 
himdred and twelve, and for other purposes. 

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress 
assembled. That the following sums be, and the same are hereby, appropriated, for the objects herein- 
after expressed, for the fiscal year ending June thirtieth, nineteen hundred and twelve, namely: * * * 

Coast and Geodetic Survey': * * * For any special surveys * * * including expenses 
of surveys in aid of the shellfish commission of the State of Marj-Iand, to be immediately available, 
thirteen thousand dollars. * " * 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 125 

[Act of the Legislature of Maryland approved April 2, 1906.] 

AN ACT To establish and promote the industry of oyster culture in Maryland, to define and mark natural oyster beds, bars 
and rocks lying under the waters of this State, to prescribe penalties for the infringement of the provisions of this 

Act, and * * *. 

Section i. Be it enacted by tite General Assembly of Maryland, Tliat the following sections be, and 
they are hereby, added to article 72 of the Code of Public General Laws, title "Oysters." * * * 

Sec. 86. The Board of Shell Fish Commissioners shall, as soon as practicable after the passage of 
this Act, cause to be made a true and accurate survey of the natural oyster beds, bars and rocks of this 
State, said siu-vey to be made with reference to fixed and permanent objects on the shore, giving courses 
and distances, to be fully described and set out in a wTitten report of said survey, as hereinafter required. 
A true and accurate delineation of the same shall be made on copies of published maps and charts of 
the United States coast and geodetic survey, which said copies shall be filed in the office of the said 
commissioners in the city of Annapolis, and the said commissioners shall further cause to be delineated 
upon copies of the published maps and charts of the United States coast and geodetic survey, of the 
largest scale, one copy for each of the counties of this State in the waters of which there are natural 
oyster beds, bars and rocks, all nattu'al beds, bars and rocks lying within the waters of such county, 
which maps shall be filed in the offices of the clerks of the Circuit Court for the respective counties 
wherein the grounds so designated may lie. * * * 

Sec. 87. The Governor of this State is hereby requested to ask the assistance of the United States 
coast and geodetic survey, and of the United States Fish Commissioner, to aid in the carrying out of 
the provisions of the preceding section. 

Sec. 89. As soon as practicable after the first day of April, igo6, the said commissioners shall 
organize, and shall at once proceed, with the assistance of such person or persons as may be detailed 
by the United States coast and geodetic survey and the United States Fish Commissioner, to aid them 
in their work, and of such persons as may be appointed under the preceding section, to have laid out, 
surveyed and designated on the said charts, the natural beds and bars, and shall cause to be marked 
and defined as acciu'ately as practicable the limits and boundaries of the natural beds, bars, and rocks 
as established by said survey, and they shall take true and accurate notes of said survey in writing, 
and make an acciu'ate report of said survey, setting forth such a description of landmarks as may be 
necessary to enable the said board, or their successors, to find and ascertain the boundary lines of the 
said natural oyster beds, bars and rocks, as shown by a delineation on the maps and charts provided 
in this Act; said report shall be completed and filed in the office of the board in the city of Annapolis 
within ninety days after the completion of the survey of any county. Said commissioners shall cause 
the same to be published in pamphlet form, and transmit copies of the said to the Clerks of the Circuit 
cotut for the respective counties, where the charts have been filed or directed to be filed as hereinafter 
provided; the said report to be filed by the clerks of the several cotmties in a book kept for that ]3urpose. 
And the said survey and report, when filed, subject to the right of appeal hereafter provided for in this 
Act, shall be taken in all of the courts of this State as conclusive evidence of the boundaries and limits 
of all natural oyster beds, bars and rocks, lying within the waters of the county wherein such survey 
and report are filed, and shall be construed to mean in all of the said courts that there are no natural 
oyster beds, bars or rocks lying within the waters of the counties wherein such report and survey are 
filed other than those embraced in the stu-vey authorized by this Act, and that all areas of the Chesa- 
peake Bay and its tributaries within the State of Maryland, not sho^vn in the survey to be natural oyster 
beds, bars or rocks shall be construed in all the courts of the State to be barren bottoms and open for 
disposal by the State for the purpose of private planting or propagation of oysters thereon under the 
provisions of this Act; provided, that the said survey and report shall not be construed as to affect in 
any manner the holdings by citizens of this State in any lot which may have been appropriated or 
taken up under the laws of this State prior to the approval of this Act. 

The law of the State of Maryland, passed March g, 1842, authorizing officers of the United States 
Coast and Geodetic Survey to' enter upon the lands within the State limits for the piu-poses of the survey, 
is as follows: 

AN ACT Concerning the Survey of the Coast of Mar>iand. 
Section i. Be it enacted by the General Assetnbly of Maryland, That it shall and may be lawful 
for any person or persons employed under and by virtue of an act of the Congress of the United 



126 Survey oj Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 

States, * * * at any time hereafter to enter upon lauds uilhin this State for the purpose of exploring, 
surveying, triangulating, or leveling, or doing any other matter or thing which may be necessary to effect 
the objects of said act, and to erect any works, stations, buildings, or appendages recjuisite for that 
purpose, doing no unnecessary injury to private or other propert)-. 

Sec. 2.' And be it enacted, That in case the person or persons employed under the act of Congress 
aforesaid, can not agree with the ow'ners or possessors of the land so entered upon and used as to the 
amount of damage done thereto by reason of the removal of fences, cutting of trees or injury to the crop 
or crops growing on the same, it shall and may be lawful for the said parties or either of them to apply 
to the chief justice for the time being or one of the associate judges of the judicial district in which 
such land may be situated, who shall thereupon appoint three disinterested and judicious freeholders, 
residents of the same judicial district, to proceed with as much despatch as possible to the examination 
of the matter in question, and the faithful assessment of the damages sustained by the owners or posses- 
sors aforesaid, and the said freeholders or a majority of them, having first taken and subscribed an oath 
or affirmation before the chief or associate justice aforesaid or other person duly authorized to administer 
the same, that they will well and truly examine and assess as aforesaid, and having given five days' 
notice to l^oth parties of the time of their meeting, shall proceed to the spot, and then and there upon 
their own view and if required, upon the evidence of witnesses (to be by them sworn or affirmed and 
examined), shall assess the said damages, and shall afterward make report thereof and of their proceed- 
ings in writing under their hands and seals and file the same within five days thereafter in the office of 
the clerk of the county in which the land aforesaid is situated, subject to an appeal by either party to 
the county court of the said county within ten days after filing as aforesaid, and the said report so made 
as aforesaid if no apjieal as aforesaid be taken, shall be held to be final and conclusive as between the 
said parties, and the amount so assessed and reported shall be paid to the said owners or possessors of 
the land so damaged within twenty days after the filing of said report, and the said chief or associate 
justice as aforesaid, shall have authority to tax and allow upon the filing of said report, such costs, fees 
and expenses to the said freeholders for the performance of their duty as he shall think equitable and 
just, which allowance shall be paid by the person or persons employed under the act of congress afore- 
said, within the time last above limited, but if an appeal as aforesaid be taken, the case shall be set 
down for hearing at the first term of county court aforesaid, ensuing upon and after appeal, and it shall 
be lawful for either party immediately after the entry of such appeal, to take out summons for such 
witnesses as may be necessary to be examined upon the hearing aforesaid, and the said court shall 
have power in its discretion to award costs against which ever the final judgment shall be entered, 
and such appeal at the option of either party may and shall be heard before and the damage assessed by 
a jury of twelve men tp be taken from the regular panel and elected as in other cases. 

Sec. 3. And be it enacted, That if any person or persons shall wilfully injure or deface or remove 
any signal, monument or building or any appendage thereto, erected, used or constructed under and 
by virtue of the act of congress aforesaid, such person or persons so offending shall severally forfeit and 
pay the sum of fifty dollars with costs of suit to be sued for and recovered by any person who shall first 
prosecute the same before any justice of the peace of the county where the person so offending may- 
reside, and shall also be liable to pay the amount of damages thereby sustained, to be recovered with 
costs of suit in an action on the case, in the name and for the use of the United .States of America, in 
any court of competent jurisdiction. 

Appendi.x B.— the HAMAN OYSTER CULTURE LAW. 

Ilixtmct from Second Report of Shell Fish Commission.] 
OBJECT. 

"The legislature in placing chapter 711 of the acts of iqoO. better known as the Haman Oy.stcr 
Culture Law, upon the statute books of Maryland, had a twofold object in view: 

" I. To encourage an industry in o)-ster culture upon the barren bottoms beneath the tidewaters of 
the State. 

"2. To prevent the leasing of natural oyster bars for the purpose of oyster culture." 



' Under the rulings of the Comptroller of the Treasury no damages can be collected except through the United States Court 
of Claims unless an agreement has been made in advance. 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 127 



"To make the leasing of barren bottoms possible and the leasing of natural bars impossible, pro- 
vision was made for a survey of the natural bars for the purpose of accurately locating and marking the 
same. It was definitely provided tliat no barren bottoms should be leased in any part of the State 
until the natural bars of that region had been surveyed, charted, and marked with buoys. " 

Definition of a Natural Oyster Bar. 

n.aturai, bar not defined. 

"The Shell Fish Commission is instructed by section go of the Haman Oyster Culture Law to 
exercise its judgment liberally in favor of the natural bars when surveying, charting and buoying them, 
but other than this the Commission is uninstructed in this important matter. The responsibility of 
defining a natural bar is placed upon the Commission." 

DIVERSITY OF OPINION. 

" No definition of a natural oyster bar could be formulated by any man or l5od)- of men which would 
meet with the approval of all parties concerned. Oystermen, as a rule, hold that all bottoms where 
oysters grow or have grown naturally even though now practically barren of oysters should be considered 
natural bars. Other citizens of the State who are not directly interested in the oyster business, but 
interested in the oyster industrj' from the standpoint of revenue, hold, as a rule, that no bottoms should 
be excluded from leasing for oyster culture which, by methods known to oyster cultiu-ists, may be 
made to yield a greater number of oysters than they now produce. 

"It should be evident to every one that neither of these definitions could be adopted by the Com- 
mission as a working basis for determining which of the grounds surveyed are natural oyster bars." 

THE GOLDSBOROUGH DEFINITION. 

The definition of a natural oyster bar which very nearly approaches a reasonable and satisfactor)' 
compromise between the views of the subject held by oystermen on one hand and by oyster culturists 
on the other is that contained in an opinion rendered by Judge Charles F. Goldsborough in the circuit 
court for Dorchester Covmty in the July term, 1881, in the case of William T. Windsor and George R. 
Todd V. Job T. Moore. 

This definition has been adopted by the Shell Fish Commission as the basis for the determination 
of the status of the various oyster bottoms surveyed and is as follows: 

What then is a natural bar or bed of oysters? It would be a palpable absurdity for the State to 
attempt to promote the propagation and growth of oysters and to encourage its citizens, by a grant of 
land, to engage in their culture, if the lands authorized to be taken up were only those upon which 
oysters do not and can not be made to grow. That there may be lands covered by water in the State 
where no oysters can be found, but where, if planted, they could be cultivated successfully, may be 
possible, but, if so, I imagine that their extent must be too limited for them to be of much practical, 
general advantage for the purposes of such a law as the one under discussion; but there are thousands 
of acres of hard and shifting sands where oysters not only are not found, but where it would be folly 
to plant them, and these latter it can not be supposed that the State intended to offer to give away, 
for the simple reason that the State could not help knowing that nobody would ha\e them. 

Upon the other hand there are large and numerous tracts where oysters of natural growth may 
be found in moderate numbers, but not in quantities sufficient to make it profitable to catch them, 
and yet where oysters may be successfully planted and propagated. In my opinion these can not be 
called natural bars or beds of oysters, witliin the meaning of the Act of Assembl}', and it is just such 
lands as these that the State meant to allow to be taken up under the provisions of the above-mentioned 
section of the Act. 

But there is still another class of lands where oysters grow naturally and in large quantities and 
to which the public are now and have been for many years in the habit of resorting with a view to 
earning a livelihood by catching this natural growth, and here, I think, is the true test of the whole 
question. Land can not be said to be a natiwal oyster bar or bed merely because oysters are scattered 
here and there upon it, and because if planted they will readily live and thrive there; but whenever 
the natural growth is so thick and abundant that the public resort to it for a livelihood, it is a natural 
oyster bar or bed and comes within the above-quoted restriction in the law, and can not be located or 
appropriated by any individual. 



128 Survey o} Oyster Bars, Kent Courtly, Mil. 

APPLICATION OF DEFINITION. 

Before this definition may be of use in determining, accurately and scientifically, the status of an 
oyster ground, its central idea, "livelihood," must be expanded into accurately determinable factors, 
and these factors must be combined into a practical scheme of investigating the condition of the ground 
imder consideration. 

Stated briefly, a livelihood is represented by a sum of money obtained from the sale, at a fixed price, 
of a certain quantity of oysters gathered in a given time from an allotted area of ground. 

Knowing the value of each of these factors it becomes possible to calculate the number of oysters 
an oyster ground must produce per square yard in order that oystermen may secure a livelihood by 
working upon it. 

Note. — The factors into which the Commission resolved the livelihood problem, the value assigned 
to each factor, and the scheme devised for practical use in examining and applying the definition to 
oyster bottoms are given in outline in their second report imder the heading of the preceding extract, 
and in detail in their first report on pages 32 to 69. 



Appendix C— SUMMARY OF THE PARTICULAR SURVEYING OPERATIONS WHICH CON- 
STITUTE AN "OYSTER SURVEY" AS NOW BEING CARRIED ON IN MARYLAND. 

Exj>lanation. — A brief account of the particular surveying operations which consti.tute an "oyster 
survey" as now being carried on in Maryland will assist in the interpretation of records contained in 
the technical part of this report, and will be of interest to many who may not understand the necessity 
for the great amount of work being done or its complicated character. 

To those familiar with methods used in surveying and charting the characteristic features of large 
bodies of water there is an evident necessity for the various operations performed, especially when it 
is known that the boundaries of the public oyster bars and of the private lots leased for purposes of 
oyster culture must be surveyed and charted with the greatest practical accuracy. To others it will 
be sufficient to state that the actual experience gained from oyster surveys in other States has proven 
that in order to avoid endless dissatisfaction and litigation it is necessary to accurately locate and per- 
manently establish oyster boundaries as is now being done in Marj-land. 

Triangulation survey. — Such refinement of survey work as that demanded by the conditions of an 
oyster survey when carried on at considerable distances offshore can only be obtained by the use of 
a system of triangulation as a framework or foundation. Therefore, a triangulation survey including 
the permanent marking of the positions of landmarks with monuments and a record of the descriptions 
of their locations for future recover)- is a necessary- operation of a complete oyster survey. 

Topographic survey. — The technical records which establish the relation between the offshore 
oyster boundaries and triangulation landmarks are sufficient for the requirements of engineers in making 
resurveys, but do not supply the needs of others who are interested in the same boundaries by reason 
of their occupation as oystermen concerned as to the public oj-ster bars, or oyster culturists concerned 
as to the leasable bottoms. For these it is necessarj- to have the charts of the survey show the relation 
of the shore line and other topographic features to the boundaries of the public oyster bars and private 
oyster farms. Therefore, a topographic survey is a necessary operation of a complete oyster survey. 

Hydrographic survey. — In the settlement of the important question of what is. or what is not, a 
natural oyster bar, and in the consideration of bottoms to be selected for purposes of oyster culture, 
information as to the depth of water and the character of the bottom is required. Therefore, a hydro- 
graphic survey is a necessary operation of a complete oyster survey. 

Necessary foundation for an oyster survey. — Consequently, the necessary components of a satis- 
factory foundation for a complete oyster survey are the three classes of survey operations technically 
named triangulation, topography, and hydrography, or, stated in another way, the foundation of a 
practical oyster survey includes the surveying operations usually followed by the Coast and Geodetic 
Survey leading up to the preparation and publication of nautical charts. 

Special surveys and investigations pertaining to oysters. — Having obtained this cartographic survey 
for a foundation, partly by new work and partly from records of previous work of the Government, the 
combined operations ' making up an "oyster survey" are completed by superimposing on this founda- 
tion special surveys and investigations pertaining particularly to oysters or other shell fish. 

* See Appendix D of this publication for "Statistics of results of combined operations of the Government and State." 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Kent County, Md. 129 

Tlie special surveys pertaining to oysters furnish information as to tlie location and outline of oyster- 
shell liottoms, and are carried on by the sounding boat p;irt)' in addition to the usual hydrographic 
work.' This operation consists of the observation and record of the character of vil^ration of a wire 
and chain apparatus which is dragged over the bottom, the vibrations or lack of vibrations indicating 
the presence and quantity of shells or absence of shells. 

The special oyster investigations - consist of the actual determination of the kind and quantity of 
oysters on the bottom, and such economic and biological studies of the supply of oyster food, density 
of water, character of the bottom, and other important matters as affect the growth of oysters. In this 
work the oyster investigation stations are located and buoyed by the hydrographic party while engaged 
in the survey of the oyster-shell limits. They are selected with the view of obtaining characteristic 
data which can be used for the interpretation of the recorded vibrations of the chain apparatus at all 
other points covered by the survey. 

Preparation of results. — The actual surveying operations and oyster investigations having been 
completed for any one coimty, there still remains technical work of nearly equal magnitude to that 
described.' This work consists of the preparation of charts and technical descriptions of boundaries 
and landmarks for publication by the Government, the preparation of that part of the annual report of 
the Commission covering the special oyster survey^s and investigatiofls, the making of the leasing charts 
and finished projections, and finally the filing of the oyster charts and records with the courts and the 
Commission, thus opening a count)^ for oyster culture. 

Summary. — From the foregoing • accotmt it can be seen that a complete oyster survey properly 
conducted so as to answer all practical requirements of the ])resent and permanency of results for the 
future is a very complicated affair, involving many lines of surveying and other scientific work, and 
requiring the professional services of experts in the various operations of cartographic surveying and 
shell-fish investigations. 



1 See pages 104 to 123 of "First Annual Report of Maryland Shell Fish Commission." 

2 See pages 30 to 67 and 129 to 199 of "First Annnal Report of Maryland Shell Fish Commission." 

s No mention is made here of the large amount of administrative work of the Commission, which is greatly complicated and 
increased by the effect of the oyster-survey operations on many thousands of people whose interests are more or less involved: or 
of the large amount of survey work involved in the survey and record of the boundaries of oyster lots leased from the State by 
private individuals for the purposes of oyster culture. 
14126 — 12 9 






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